Genealogie Wylie » Augusta Princess of (Augusta, Princess of) Great Britain [Ch-Wikibio]] sss (1737-1813)

Persoonlijke gegevens Augusta Princess of (Augusta, Princess of) Great Britain [Ch-Wikibio]] sss 

• Roepnaam Augusta, Princess of.
• Zij is geboren op 12 augustus 1737 in St. James Palace, London, Middlesex, England.
• Zij is overleden op 23 maart 1813 in Hanover Square, London, Middlesex, England, zij was toen 75 jaar oud.
• Een kind van Frederick Prince of Wales of the United Kingdom en Auguste Princess of Saxe-Gotha
• Deze gegevens zijn voor het laatst bijgewerkt op 22 juli 2023.

Gezin van Augusta Princess of (Augusta, Princess of) Great Britain [Ch-Wikibio]] sss

Zij is getrouwd met Duke Charles II of add Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.

Zij zijn getrouwd op 16 januari 1764 te Chapel Royal, St.James Palace, England, United Kingdom, zij was toen 26 jaar oud.

Kind(eren):

1. Augusta Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel  1764-1788 

Notities over Augusta Princess of (Augusta, Princess of) Great Britain [Ch-Wikibio]] sss

Charlemagne Descendant many times over!

All descendants of Queen of England Eleanor of Aquitaine are in triple figures just through her paths.
This individual is such a descendant by standard documentation, including that shown here.

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Princess Augusta of Great Britain
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For her niece Augusta Sophia (1768–1840), see Princess Augusta Sophia of the United Kingdom.
Princess Augusta

Portrait by Johann Georg Ziesenis, c. 1764-70
Duchess consort of Brunswick-Lünenburg
Princess consort of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Tenure26 March 1780 – 10 November 1806
Born31 July 1737
St James's Palace, London
Died23 March 1813 (aged 75)
Hanover Square, London
Burial31 March 1813
Royal Vault, St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle
SpouseCharles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick
​
​(m. 1764; died 1806)​
Issue
Details
Augusta, Duchess Frederick of Württemberg
Karl Georg August, Hereditary Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Caroline, Queen of the United Kingdom
Prince George William Christian
Prince Augustus
Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Princess Amelia
Names
Augusta Frederica
HouseHanover
FatherFrederick, Prince of Wales
MotherAugusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
Augusta of Great Britain (Augusta Frederica; 31 July 1737 – 23 March 1813) was a British princess, granddaughter of George II and the only elder sibling of George III. She was Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Princess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel by marriage to Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick. Her daughter Caroline was the spouse of George IV.

Early life

Augusta aged 14 in a family portrait of 1751 by George Knapton.

Princess Augusta, aged 17, by Liotard
Princess Augusta was born at St. James's Palace. As she was the first born child of Frederick, Prince of Wales and the first born grandchild of George II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach, Augusta was second in line for the throne of Great Britain, which changed a year later in 1738, when her brother Prince George (later George III of Great Britain) was born.

Fifty days later, she was christened at St. James's Palace by the Archbishop of Canterbury. Her godparents were her paternal grandfather, the King (represented by his Lord Chamberlain, the Duke of Grafton), and her grandmothers, Queen Caroline and the Dowager Duchess of Saxe-Gotha (both represented by proxies).[1] Her third birthday was celebrated by the first public performance of "Rule, Britannia!" at Cliveden in Buckinghamshire.[citation needed]

Augusta was given a careful education. She was not described as a rare beauty, having a loose mouth and long face.[2]

In 1761–62, a marriage was discussed between Augusta and her second cousin, Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. The negotiations were delayed because her mother disliked the House of Brunswick. This obstacle was overcome by a reason described by Horace Walpole:

"Lady Augusta was lively, and much inclined to meddle in the private politics of the Court. As none of her [The [Dowager] Princess [of Wales]'s] children but the King, had, or had reason to have, much affection for their mother, she justly apprehended Lady Augusta instilling their disgust on to the Queen. She could not forbid her daughter's frequent visits at Buckingham House, but to prevent ill consequence of them, she often accompanied her thither. This, however, was an attendance and a constraint the Princess of Wales could not support. Her exceeding indolence, her more excessive love of privacy, and the subjection of being frequently with the Queen, whose higher rank was a never ceasing mortification, all concurred to make her resolve, at any rate, to deliver herself of her daughter. To obtain this end, the profusion of favours to the hated House of Brunswick was not though too much. The Hereditary Prince was prevailed to accept Lady Augusta's hand, with four-score thousand pounds, an annuity of £5,000 a year on Ireland, and three thousand a year on Hanover."[3]

On 16 January 1764, Augusta married Charles William Ferdinand at the Chapel Royal of St James's Palace. The wedding was followed by a state dinner at Leicester House, congratulations from the Houses of Parliament, a ball given by the Queen, and an opera performance at Covent Garden. The couple departed from Harwich on the 26th.[4]

Life in Brunswick

Augusta by Angelica Kauffman, 1767; Royal Collection, London
The Duchess never fully adapted to life in Brunswick. She always viewed Great Britain in very high regard all her life and disregarded anything "east of the Rhine".[2] This attitude did not change with time, and twenty five years after her marriage, she was described as: "wholly English in her tastes, her principles and her manners, to the point that her almost cynical independence makes, with the etiquette of the German courts, the most singular contrast I know".[2]

After her first pregnancy in 1764, she returned to Great Britain in the company of her husband to give birth to her second child.[5] Whilst in England, it was noted that the couple was cheered on by crowds every time they showed themselves in public. This, reportedly, exposed them to suspicion at court. During their visit, her sister-in-law Queen Charlotte apparently refused them some honours at court, such as military salutes. This attracted negative publicity toward the hosting royal couple.[6] During the negotiations thirty years later for the marriage of her daughter to the Prince of Wales, Augusta commented to the British negotiator, Lord Malmesbury, that Queen Charlotte disliked both her and her mother because of jealousy dating from the visit of 1764.[7]

Augusta saw the court of her mother-in-law as boring and dull, especially during the summer months when her husband was absent at camp.[2] A summer retreat was built for her in the southern part of Braunschweig where she could spend time away from court, built by Carl Christoph Wilhelm Fleischer and called Schloss Richmond to remind her of England. In her retreat, Augusta amused herself spending her days eating heavy luncheons, gossiping and playing cards with her favourites, often receiving English guests.[2]

Their marriage was arranged for dynastic purposes. However, Augusta thought Charles to be very handsome and was initially pleased with him. Shortly after the birth of her first daughter, she wrote: "No two people live better together than we do, and I would go through fire and water for him",[2] and it was noted that she seemed to be unaware of his flirtations in London.[2]

In 1771–72, Augusta visited England on her mother's invitation. On this occasion, she was involved in another conflict with her sister-in-law Queen Charlotte. She was not allowed to live at Carlton House or St. James Palace despite the fact that it was empty at the time, but was forced to live in a small house on Pall Mall. The queen disagreed with her about etiquette, and refused to let her see her brother the king alone.[8] According to Mr. Walpole, the reason was jealousy on the part of the queen.[8] She attended her mother's deathbed during her second visit to England, and upon her return to Brunswick, extended her period of mourning, which eventually led to her retirement from participation in court life.

When her sister, Queen Caroline Matilda of Denmark, was convicted of adultery and exiled near Brunswick in Celle, Augusta would regularly visit her for weeks on end, much to the disapproval of her husband and parents-in-law .[2]

In 1777, Augusta announced to her husband that she would retire from court life to oversee the upbringing of their children and perform religious studies under the Bishop of Fürstenberg.[2] The reason was her disapproval of the relationship between Charles and Louise Hertefeld whom he, in contrast to his previous mistress Maria Antonia Branconi, had installed as his official royal mistress at the Brunswick court.[2]

In 1780, Charles succeeded his father as sovereign Duke of Brunswick, and Augusta thus became Duchess consort.

Of Augusta's four sons, the eldest three were born with handicaps. The Swedish Princess Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte described her, as well as her family, at the time of a visit in August, 1799:

Our cousin, the Duke, arrived immediately the next morning. As a noted military man he has won many victories, he is witty, literal and a pleasant acquaintance, but ceremonial beyond description. He is said to be quite strict, but a good father of the nation who attends to the needs of his people. After he left us, I visited the Dowager Duchess, the aunt of my consort. She is an agreeable, highly educated and well respected lady, but by now so old that she has almost lost her memory. From her I continued to the Duchess, sister to the King of England and a typical English woman. She looked very simple, like a vicar's wife, has I am sure many admirable qualities and are very respectable, but completely lacks manners. She makes the strangest questions without considering how difficult and unpleasant they can be. Both the Hereditary Princess as well as Princess Augusta — sister of the sovereign Duke — came to her while I was there. The former is delightful, mild, lovable, witty and clever, not a beauty but still very pretty. In addition, she is said to be admirably kind to her boring consort. The Princess Augusta is full of wit and energy and very amusing. [...]

The Duchess and the Princesses followed me to Richmond, the country villa of the Duchess a bit outside of town. It was small and pretty with a beautiful little park, all in an English style. As she had the residence constructed herself, it amuses her to show it to others. [...]

The sons of the Ducal couple are somewhat peculiar. The Hereditary Prince, chubby and fat, almost blind, strange and odd — if not to say an imbecile — attempts to imitate his father but only makes himself artificial and unpleasant. He talks continually, does not know what he says and is in all aspects unbearable. He is accommodating but a poor thing, loves his consort to the point of worship and is completely governed by her. The other son, Prince Georg, is the most ridiculous person imaginable, and so silly that he can never be left alone but is always accompanied by a courtier. The third son is also described as an original. I never saw him, as he served with his regiment. The fourth one is the only normal one, but also torments his parents by his immoral behavior.[9]

Later life
In 1806, when Prussia declared war on France, her husband, the Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel, 71 at the time, was appointed commander-in-chief of the Prussian army. On 14 October of that year, at the Battle of Jena, Napoleon defeated the Prussian army; and on the same day, at the Battle of Auerstadt, the Prince was seriously wounded, dying a few days later. Augusta, with the Hereditary Prince and Hereditary Princess, fled to Altona, where they were present at her dying spouse's side.[10] Because of the advancing French army, they were advised by the British ambassador to flee, and they left shortly before the death of the Prince.

Annuity to Duchess of Brunswick Wolfenbuttel Act 1808
They were invited to Sweden by the Hereditary Princess's brother-in-law King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden.[10] However, Augusta preferred to stay at the Duchy of Augustenborg, where her nephew-in-law was sovereign. She remained there with her niece, the Duchess of Augustenborg (daughter of her sister the late Queen Caroline Mathilde of Denmark), until her brother George III of the United Kingdom finally relented in September 1807, and allowed Augusta to come to London. There she resided at Montagu House, at Blackheath in Greenwich, with her daughter, the Princess of Wales, but soon Augusta fell out with her, and purchased the house next door, Brunswick House. Augusta lived out her days there and died in 1813 aged 75. She was buried in the Royal Vault at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle.[11]

Arms
Augusta was granted use of the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label argent of five points, the centre bearing a cross gules, the other points each bearing a rose gules.[12]

Ancestors
Ancestors of Princess Augusta of Great Britain[13]
8. George I of Great Britain
4. George II of Great Britain
9. Duchess Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Celle
2. Frederick, Prince of Wales
10. John Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
5. Princess Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach
11. Princess Eleonore Erdmuthe of Saxe-Eisenach
1. Princess Augusta of Great Britain
12. Frederick I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
6. Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
13. Princess Magdalena Sibylle of Saxe-Weissenfels
3. Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha
14. Charles, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst
7. Princess Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst
15. Princess Sophia of Saxe-Weissenfels
Issue
Together the couple had 7 children:

NameBirthDeathNotes
Duchess Augusta3 December 176427 September 1788married 1780, Duke Frederick of Württemberg; had issue
Hereditary Prince Karl Georg8 February 176620 September 1806married 1790, Princess Louise of Orange-Nassau; no issue
Duchess Caroline17 May 17687 August 1821married 1795, George IV of the United Kingdom; had issue
Duke Georg William27 June 176916 September 1811Declared an invalid; Excluded from line of succession
Duke August18 August 177018 December 1822Declared an invalid; Excluded from line of succession
Duke Frederick William9 October 177116 June 1815married 1802, Princess Marie of Baden; had issue
Duchess Amelie22 November 17722 April 1773
Sources
Beckett, William A.: Universal Biography. London: Isaac, 1836.
Kwan, Elisabeth E.; Röhrig, Anna E.: Frauen vom Hof der Welfen. Göttingen: MatrixMedia 2006, ISBN 3-932313-17-8, p. 115−126.
References
"Yvonne's Royalty Home Page: Royal Christenings". Archived from the original on 6 August 2011. Retrieved 20 May 2008.
Fraser, Flora. The Unruly Queen: The Life of Queen Caroline
Finch, Barbara Clay. Lives of the princesses of Wales. Part III p. 46
Finch, p. 47
Kühle, Riëtha, Princess Auguste, pp 35 and 38
Fitzgerald, Percy: The Good Queen Charlotte p 58
Fitzgerald, Percy: The Good Queen Charlotte
Fitzgerald, Percy: The Good Queen Charlotte p 85
none, Hedvig Elisabeth Charlotta (1927) [1797-1799]. af Klercker, Cecilia (ed.). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok [The diary of Hedvig Elizabeth Charlotte] (in Swedish). Vol. VI 1797-1799. Translated by Cecilia af Klercker. Stockholm: P.A. Norstedt & Söners förlag. pp. 219–220. OCLC 14111333. (search for all versions on WorldCat)
Charlottas, Hedvig Elisabeth (1936) [1800–1806]. af Klercker, Cecilia (ed.). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok [The diary of Hedvig Elizabeth Charlotte] (in Swedish). Vol. VII 1800-1806. Translated by Cecilia af Klercker. Stockholm: P.A. Norstedt & Söners förlag. p. 471. OCLC 14111333. (search for all versions on WorldCat)
"Royal Burials in the Chapel since 1805". College of St George - Windsor Castle. Retrieved 5 March 2023.
Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family
Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 4.
External links
Portraits of Princess Augusta, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttell at the National Portrait Gallery, London Edit this at Wikidata
vte
British princesses
Authority control Edit this at Wikidata
Categories https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess_Augusta_of_Great_Britain : 1737 births1813 deaths18th-century British people19th-century British people18th-century British women19th-century British womenBritish princessesHouse of HanoverHouse of Brunswick-BevernPeople from WestminsterDuchesses of Brunswick-LüneburgDuchesses of Brunswick-WolfenbüttelBurials at St George's Chapel, Windsor CastleChildren of Frederick, Prince of WalesMothers of monarchs
This page was last edited on 19 June 2023, at 20:55 (UTC).
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