Genealogie Wylie » Anne Hanover of England , Princess Royal (1709-1759)

Persoonlijke gegevens Anne Hanover of England , Princess Royal 

• Zij is geboren op 20 november 1709 in Herrenhausen Palace, Herrenhausen, Hanover, Germany.
• Zij is overleden op 12 januari 1759 in The Hague, Nederland, zij was toen 49 jaar oud.
• Zij is begraven in Nieuwe Kerk, Delft, Zuid Holland, Nederland.
• Een kind van George II Hannover King of the United Kingdom en Caroline of Ansbach
• Deze gegevens zijn voor het laatst bijgewerkt op 8 juli 2023.

Gezin van Anne Hanover of England , Princess Royal

Zij had een relatie met Willem IV Friso Prince of Orange-Nassau.

Kind(eren):

1. Carolina of Orange-Nassau  1743-1787 
2. Anna of Nassau-Orange  1746-1746
3. Willem V Batavus Prince of Orange-Nassau  1748-1806 

Notities over Anne Hanover of England , Princess Royal

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WIKIPEDIA
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Source, includes portraits, paintings, maps and other
items not below; and working links and updates, is
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal_and_Princess_of_Orange

Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Early life
Marriage
Regency
Works
Legacy
Arms
Issue
Ancestors
References
External links
Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Anne
Princess Royal
Princess Anne in her twenty-fourth–twenty-fifth year
Portrait by Jacopo Amigoni
Princess consort of Orange
Tenure25 March 1734 - 22 October 1751
Born2 November 1709
(O.S.: 22 October 1709)
Herrenhausen Palace, Hanover
Died12 January 1759 (aged 49)
The Hague
Burial23 February 1759
Nieuwe Kerk, Delft
SpouseWilliam IV, Prince of Orange
​
​(m. 1734; died 1751)​
IssueCarolina, Princess of Nassau-Weilburg
Princess Anna
William V, Prince of Orange
HouseHanover
FatherGeorge II of Great Britain
MotherCaroline of Ansbach
British Royalty
House of Hanover
Quarterly, I Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or impaling Or a lion rampant within a double-tressure flory-counter-flory Gules; II Azure three fleurs-de-lys Or; III Azure a harp Or stringed Argent; IV tierced per pale and per chevron, I Gules two lions passant guardant Or, II Or a semy of hearts Gules a lion rampant Azure, III Gules a horse courant Argent, overall an escutcheon Gules charged with the crown of Charlemagne Or
George II
Children
Frederick, Prince of Wales
Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange
Princess Amelia
Princess Caroline
Prince William, Duke of Cumberland
Mary, Landgravine of Hesse-Cassel
Louise, Queen of Denmark and Norway
Grandchildren
Augusta, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
George III
Prince Edward, Duke of York and Albany
Princess Elizabeth of Wales
Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh
Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn
Princess Louisa of Wales
Prince Frederick of Wales
Caroline Matilda, Queen of Denmark and Norway
Great-grandchildren
Princess Sophia of Gloucester
Princess Caroline of Gloucester
Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh
vte
Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange (2 November [O.S. 22 October] 1709 – 12 January 1759)[1] was the second child and eldest daughter of King George II of Great Britain and his consort Caroline of Ansbach. She was the wife of William IV, Prince of Orange, the first hereditary stadtholder of all seven provinces of the Northern Netherlands. She was Regent of the Netherlands from 1751 until her death in 1759, exercising extensive powers on behalf of her son William V. She was known as an Anglophile, due to her English upbringing and family connections, but was unable to convince the Dutch Republic to enter the Seven Years' War on the side of the British.[citation needed] Princess Anne was the second daughter of a British sovereign to hold the title Princess Royal.[2] In the Netherlands she was styled Anna van Hannover.

Early life
Anne was born at Herrenhausen Palace, Hanover, five years before her paternal grandfather, Elector George Louis, succeeded to the thrones of Great Britain and Ireland as George I. She was christened shortly after her birth at Herrenhausen Palace.[3] She was named after her paternal grandfather's second cousin Anne, Queen of Great Britain.[4]

She learned German, French and English,[5] and was taught music (including singing, harpsichord, and composition) by Georg Friedrich Händel. Händel did not like teaching, but said he would "make the only exception for Anne, flower of princesses".[6] She remained a lifelong supporter, attending his operas and subscribing to his music.[7]

John Croker's medal of 1732 showing the surviving children of King George II, Frederick, William, Anne, Amelia, Caroline, Mary, and Louisa
Anne contracted and survived smallpox in 1720,[8] and two years later her mother helped to popularise the practice of variolation (an early type of immunisation against smallpox), which had been witnessed by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu and Charles Maitland in Constantinople. At the direction of Caroline, six prisoners condemned to death were offered the chance to undergo variolation instead of execution: they all survived, as did six orphan children given the same treatment as a further test. Convinced of its medical value, the Queen had her two younger daughters, Amelia and Caroline, inoculated successfully.[9] Anne's face was scarred by the disease, and she was not considered as pretty as her two younger sisters.[10]

On 30 August 1727, George II created his eldest daughter Princess Royal, a title which had fallen from use since its creation by Charles I for his daughter Mary, Princess of Orange in 1642.[citation needed]

Marriage
In 1725, a potential marriage contract between Anne and King Louis XV of France was considered. From a French viewpoint, such a marriage could give France valuable neutrality from The Netherlands and Prussia, as well as protection against Spain.[11] However, the religious issues caused problems. While it was taken for granted that Anne would have to convert to Catholicism, there were concerns that this would still not be enough for the Pope, whose support was needed, particularly regarding the broken betrothal between Louis XV and a Spanish princess, and the prospect of Anne becoming Regent of France in case of a minor regency was feared because of her presumed religious inclinations toward the Huguenots in France.[12] The plans was eventually discarded when the French insisted that Anne must convert to Roman Catholicism.[5]

On 25 March [O.S. 14 March] 1734 in the Chapel Royal at St. James's Palace, she married William IV, Prince of Orange.[13] She then ceased to use her British title in favour of the new one she gained by marriage. The music played at her wedding, This is the day was set by Handel to the princess's own words based on Psalms 45 and 118.[14] Handel also composed an operatic entertainment, Parnasso in Festa, in honour of her wedding which was performed for the first time at the King's Theatre, London, on 13 March 1734, with great success.[15]

Nassau Street, Soho, London (renamed Gerrard Place in 1910) was named in honour of the marriage.[16]

William suffered from a spinal deformity, which affected his appearance, but Anne said she would marry him even "if he were a baboon".[17] Her reason for being so insistent upon this marriage was reported to be simply that she wished to be married, to avoid a life as a spinster at the court of her father and her brother, with whom she did not get along; and as the only match considered suitable for her was with a monarch or heir to a throne, William was essentially her only remaining Protestant choice, and when questioned by her father, she stated that it was not a matter of whether she should marry William, the question was rather whether she should marry at all.[18] She quarreled with her brother, the Prince of Wales, about her choice.[clarification needed]

The Welcome by the Mayor of Rotterdam of William IV, Prince of Orange and his Consort Anna of Great Britain, 1734. By Jacob Spoel
William and Anne sailed to Holland after a honeymoon at Kew. In the Netherlands, they resided at Leeuwarden. Anne soon felt homesick when William went on campaign in the Rhineland, and she travelled back to England, believing herself to be pregnant, Anne thought she should give birth to the child in her homeland as the child would be in the line of succession to the British throne.[19] However, this decision was not well received with her husband and her father, who both commanded her to return to Holland after a brief stay.[20] By April 1735, it was clear that Anne was not with child after all.[21] In 1736, she did become pregnant, but the child (a daughter) was stillborn.[22]

Portrait of Princess Anne by Jan Baptist Xavery, 1736
Anne was not well liked by the Dutch people and did not get on well with her mother-in-law Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel.[23] However, Anne was considered to have a regal essence but seemed to have a belief in British superiority over the Dutch; she was also thought to be neglectful of her duties and seemed to isolate herself in her interests in music and literature; and she was accused of displaying little consideration for her courtiers, for example by forcing her ladies-in-waiting to read for her for hours, ignoring their fatigue.[18] Her relationship with William, however, which was at first distant, eventually developed into harmony and intimacy, which is displayed in their correspondence.[24] In 1747, William became stadtholder of all the Seven United Provinces, and this was followed by a constitutional reform which made his new wider authority hereditary.[23] William and Anne moved to the Hague, where Anne introduced Händel to the Netherlands: he accepted her invitation to her music life at the Hague in 1750.[25] The composer Josina van Aerssen was one of her ladies-in-waiting.[citation needed]

Regency

Princess Anne while Regent for her young son, William, by Johann Valentin Tischbein, c. 1753
William IV died on 22 October 1751, at the age of forty, and Anne was appointed as regent for her three-year-old son, William V. She gained all the prerogatives normally held by a hereditary stadtholder of the Netherlands, with the exception of the military duties of the office, which were entrusted to Duke Louis Ernest of Brunswick-Lüneburg.[25] She was hard-working, but arrogant and imperious, which made her unpopular.[26] The 1750s were years of increasing tension and commercial rivalry between Holland and Great Britain, which placed her in a difficult position.[27]

Anne's interior policy focused on defending the authority of the central hereditary stadtholder government over the traditional rights of the Dutch states.[23] The reform of the hereditary post of stadtholder had been introduced during the reign of her late husband; it was new and controversial and was questioned after his death, but Anne effectively defended the centralized government.[25] In the conflict with the city of Haarlem, for example, she prevented the city from holding its election by refusing the release of its list of candidates.[25] Her harsh rule was resented, but her consolidation policy effectively secured the new hereditary Stadtholder rule in the Netherlands.[25]

In her foreign policy, Anne favored the British alliance with the Emperor before the French, a policy which was not popular in the Netherlands, and her fortification of the southern provinces against the French Netherlands was met with great opposition.[25]

Anne continued to act as regent until her death from dropsy in 1759, at The Hague, when she was replaced by her mother-in-law, Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel, who was assisted by Duke Louis Ernest of Brunswick-Lüneburg. When she too died in 1765, Anne's daughter, Carolina, was made regent until William V reached the age of eighteen in 1766.[28]

Works
The princess took drawing and painting lessons from Herman van der Mijn and made a self-portrait in 1740 that is in the collection of the House of Orange-Nassau Historic Collections Trust. She also made a portrait of van der Mijn himself while he was at work making portraits of other family members.[29]

Portrait of Herman van der Mijn by Anna van Hannover
Portrait of Herman van der Mijn by Anna van Hannover

Self-portrait of Anna van Hannover in 1740
Self-portrait of Anna van Hannover in 1740

Legacy
Princess Anne, Maryland, is named for her.[30]

Arms
On 31 January 1719, as a grandchild of the sovereign, Anne was granted use of the arms of the realm, differenced by a label argent of five points, each bearing a cross gules. On 30 August 1727, as a child of the sovereign, Anne's difference changed to a label argent of three points, each bearing a cross gules.[31]

Coat of Arms of Anne, the Princess Royal and Princess of Orange.svg
Coat of arms from 30 August 1727
Issue
NameBirthDeathNotes[32]
Princess Carolina28 February 17436 May 1787married 5 March 1760, Charles Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg; had issue
Princess Anna15 November 174629 December 1746
William V, Prince of Orange8 March 17489 April 1806married 4 October 1767, Princess Wilhelmina of Prussia; had issue
Ancestors
Ancestors of Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange[33]
8. Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover
4. George I of Great Britain
9. Princess Sophia of the Palatinate
2. George II of Great Britain
10. George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
5. Duchess Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Celle
11. Éléonore Desmier d'Olbreuse
1. Anne, Princess Royal
12. Albert II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
6. John Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
13. Countess Sophie Margarete of Oettingen-Oettingen
3. Princess Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach
14. John George I, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach
7. Princess Eleonore Erdmuthe of Saxe-Eisenach
15. Johannetta, Countess of Sayn-Altenkirchen
References
Kilburn, Matthew. "Anne, princess royal". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/68369. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Princess Mary (born 1631), the daughter of Henrietta Maria and Charles, became the first Princess Royal in 1642.
"Yvonne's Royalty Home Page: Royal Christenings". Archived from the original on 6 August 2011. Retrieved 20 May 2008.
Van der Kiste, p. 24
Van der Kiste, p. 84
Van der Kiste, p. 85
Vickers, David. "Programme Notes for "Parnasso in Festa"". Retrieved 17 May 2014.
Van der Kiste, p. 73
Van der Kiste, p. 83
Van der Kiste, p. 78
Edmond et Jules de Goncourt: La duchesse de Châteauroux et ses soeurs, Paris, 1906
Edmond et Jules de Goncourt: La duchesse de Châteauroux et ses soeurs, Paris, 1906
Van der Kiste, p. 132
Van der Kiste, p. 133
Lang, Paul Henry (2011). George Frideric Handel (reprint ed.). Dover Books on Music. pp. 249–50. ISBN 978-0-486-29227-4.
"Gerrard Street Area: The Military Ground, Gerrard Place Pages 411-412 Survey of London: Volumes 33 and 34, St Anne Soho". British History Online. LCC 1966. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
Van der Kiste, p. 131
John Van der Kiste, The Georgian Princesses
djr (20 March 2017). "Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland". Retrieved 13 January 2014.
Van der Kiste, pp. 135–136
Van der Kiste, p. 136
Van der Kiste, p. 150
djr (20 March 2017). "Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland". Retrieved 13 January 2014.
djr (20 March 2017). "Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland". Retrieved 13 January 2014.
djr (20 March 2017). "Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland". Retrieved 13 January 2014.
Van der Kiste, p. 198
Van der Kiste, p. 209
Frans Willem Lantink, Carolina van Oranje-Nassau, in: Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland. URL: http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/CarolinaWilhelmina [19/08/2017]
Clayton, Ellen Creathorne. English female artists, volume 2 (London, Tinsley brothers, 1876) p. 81 ff.
"Heritage – Areas of Interest". Town of Princess Anne. Retrieved 1 November 2018.
Velde, Francois R. "marks of cadency in the British royal family".
Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh (ed.) (1977). Burke's Royal Families of the World, 1st edition. London: Burke's Peerage. p. 240. ISBN 0-85011-023-8. {{cite book}}: |first= has generic name (help)
Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 55.
Van der Kiste, John (1997) George II and Queen Caroline. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing. ISBN 0-7509-1321-5
External links
Media related to Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange at Wikimedia Commons

Portraits of Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange at the National Portrait Gallery, London Edit this at Wikidata
Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange
House of Hanover
Cadet branch of the House of Welf
Born: 2 November 1709 Died: 12 January 1759
Dutch royalty
Vacant
Title last held by
Marie Louise of Hesse-KasselPrincess consort of Orange
1734–1751Vacant
Title next held by
Wilhelmina of Prussia
British royalty
Vacant
Title last held by
Mary, Princess of OrangePrincess Royal
1727–1759Vacant
Title next held by
Charlotte, Queen of Württemberg
vte
Princesses Royal
vte
British princesses
vte
Princesses of Orange
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Categories: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal_and_Princess_of_Orange
1709 births1759 deaths18th-century women rulers18th-century Dutch politicians18th-century English people18th-century English womenBritish princessesPrincesses RoyalPrincesses of OrangeHouse of HanoverDutch princessesDutch regentsNobility from HanoverBurials in the Royal Crypt at Nieuwe Kerk, DelftGerman people of Scottish descentChildren of George II of Great BritainDaughters of kingsMothers of monarchs
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