Genealogie Wylie » Richard "Kingmaker" (Richard "Kingmaker") Neville , Earl of Warwick [[Ch-Wikibio+++]] sss (1428-1471)

Persoonlijke gegevens Richard "Kingmaker" (Richard "Kingmaker") Neville , Earl of Warwick [[Ch-Wikibio+++]] sss 

• Ook bekend als 16th Earl of /Warwick/, Richard Neville.
• Roepnaam Richard "Kingmaker".
• Hij is geboren op 22 november 1428 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England.Bronnen 1, 3

  Let op: Leeftijd bij trouwen (??-??-1434) lag beneden de 16 jaar (6).

• Hij is overleden op 14 april 1471 in Battle of Barnet, Hertfordshire, England (slain, dspm), hij was toen 42 jaar oud.Bronnen 1, 3

  Oorzaak: Edward's troops killed Warwick at the Battle of Barnet

• Hij is begraven in Bisham Abbey, Berkshire, England.
• Een kind van Richard Neville en Alice de Montagu
• Deze gegevens zijn voor het laatst bijgewerkt op 5 april 2023.

Gezin van Richard "Kingmaker" (Richard "Kingmaker") Neville , Earl of Warwick [[Ch-Wikibio+++]] sss

Hij is getrouwd met Anne de Beauchamp.

Zij zijn getrouwd in het jaar 1434, hij was toen 5 jaar oud.Bronnen 1, 4

Kind(eren):

1. Isabel Neville  1451-1476
2. Anne Neville  1456-???? 
3. Isabella de Neville  1451-1476 

Notities over Richard "Kingmaker" (Richard "Kingmaker") Neville , Earl of Warwick [[Ch-Wikibio+++]] sss

The Nevilles were for a time in the 14th and 15th centuries the mostpowerful house in England. In the person of Richard Neville, 16th and1st Earl of Warwick (the "Kingmaker"), a member of the family evendisposed of the crown. And through the marriage of one of theKingmaker's daughters with a Plantagenet his great-grandchildren, whobore the surname Pole, had a better legal right to the throne than theTudors. They were accordingly regarded by Henry VIII as one of the mostserious dynastic threats to his ascendancy.....

This Neville-Percy rivalry dominated not just the North, but allEngland. The Neville's power was largely broken by the failure of theRebellion of the Northern Earls in 1569, however, and unlike the Percysthey hardly recovered until the 20th century, during which they have been conspicuous as courtiers. [Burke's Peerage]

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

BARONY OF MONTAGU (VIII) 1460

EARLDOM OF SALISBURY (XI, 6) 1460 to 1471

EARLDOM OF WARWICK (XVI, 16 & 1) 1449 and 1450

RICHARD NEVILLE, 1st son and heir apparent of Richard (NEVILLE), EARL OFSALISBURY, by Alice, suo jure COUNTESS OF SALISBURY [1337], also(according to modern doctrine) BARONESS MONTAGU (1299], MONTHERMER [1309]and MONTAGU [1357], daughter and heir of Thomas (MONTAGU), 4th EARL OFSALISBURY, was born 22 November 1428; knighted before 6 August 1445, whenhe was appointed, with his father and younger brother Thomas, JointMaster Forester of the Forests of Blackburn and Bowland and joint stewardof the Honor of Pontefract, all in the Duchy of Lancaster; Joint Warden,with his father, of Carlisle and the West Marches towards Scotland, 4April 1446. In consequence of his marriage, he succeeded in right of hiswife (according to the then doctrine of the exclusion of the half-blood),on the death, 3 January 1448/9, of her niece, Anne, presumably suo
jure Countess of Warwick, to the bulk of the great estates of the Earldomof Warwick. He and his wife Anne, accordingly, also for his "good serviceabout the king's person and in Scotland on the
punishment of the king's enemies there at his own costs, he being stillin his minority," were confirmed, 23 July 1449, in the estate and titleof EARL OF WARWICK, remainder to the heirs of Anne, with all the"preeminences" (i.e. that of Premier Earl) that any of Anne's ancestors,as Earls of Warwick, used before the creation of Henry as Duke ofWarwick. This patent of confirmation he resigned and on 2 March 1449/50he was created EARL OF WARWICK and she COUNTESS OF WARWICK, each fortheir life, with all the privileges, &c., granted by the precedingpatent, "though they have no issue at present," with remainder after thedeath of both to the heirs of the body of the said Anne, and in case sheshould die s.p., then to Margaret, Countess of Shrewsbury, and the heirsmale of her body, remainder to the heirs general of her body, remainderto the right heirs of (her father) Richard, late Earl of Warwick. He alsostyled himself jure uxoris LORD BERGAVENNY, of which castle and Honor hewas de facto in possession; he was recognized as hereditary Sheriff ofWorcestershire, 1450-70; and the hereditary office of Chamberlain of theExchequer was confirmed to him and his wife and her heirs, 6 Dec. 1450,when he was admitted jure uxoris as such Chamberlain. For his goodservice and attendance on the King's person in his journey into Kentagainst the Duke of York early in 1452, he received a pardon of allintrusions, fines, &c., and a grant of £300, 17 March 1451/2. He becameP.C. before 6 December 1453; was re-appointed, with his father, JointWarden of the West Marches towards Scotland, 20 December 1453; and was aCommissioner to create and invest Prince Edward as Prince of Wales andEarl of Chester, 13 April 1454. After the recovery of Henry VI frommadness he became a staunch Yorkist and at the 1st battle of St. Albans,22 May 1455, "had the good fortune to decide the day and win somewhateasily a military reputation." He was rewarded, 31 May, with theStewardship, &c., of Monmouth and the Three Castles (i.e. Grosmont,Skenfrith, and Whitecastle), and, 4 August 1455, with the important postof Captain of Calais. Being further commissioned, 3 October 1457, "to goon the sea . . . and govern the same , he fought two considerable navalactions with the Spaniards, on 29 May 1458 and in the summer of 1459,and, somewhat piratically, attacked a Hanseatic fleet in time of trucefor refusing to strike their flags in the King's name, as to which apublic enquiry was ordered, 31 July 1458. He and his father took anactive part in the proposed reconciliation between Henry VI and theYorkists and they walked in the "love-day" procession to St. Paul's, 25March 1458. On the renewal of the war he crossed from Calais and afterthe Yorkist victory at Blore Heath, 23 September 1459, joined theirtroops at Ludford, by Ludlow; but after the King's approach, 12 October,they dispersed and Warwick, with his father, the Earl of March and SirJohn Wenlock, fled to North Devon and thence by ship via Guernsey toCalais, where they arrived, 2 November. The Yorkist leaders, includingWarwick and Salisbury, were attainted by the Parliament that met atCoventry, 20 November 1459. The following year the Earls landed in Kentand reached London, 2 July. Leaving his father to secure London, Warwickdefeated the Lancastrians at Northampton, 10 July 1460, and capturedHenry VI, whom he brought to London, 16 July. In that King's name he wasconfirmed as Captain of Calais, 5 August, appointed Governor of theChannel Isles, 8 August, and nominated K.G. circa September 1460. By Actof Parliament October 1460, annulling the proceedings of the CoventryParliament of 1459, he was restored; an he bore the sword before thecaptive King to St. Paul's, 1 November 1460, at the thanksgivingprocession on the compromise whereby the Duke of York was named next heirto the throne. On 4 November following he was appointed Keeper ofNewport, Brecon and other Welsh castles during the minority of Henry,grandson and heir of the Duke of Buckingham, and of Goderich Castle, &c.,in the march of Wales, during the minority of John, son and heir of theEarl of Shrewsbury, both appointments (but not that of Newport) beingrenewed, 7 May 1461. Also on 4 November he was made Constable and Stewardof Tutbury and Master Forester of Needwood and Duffield Forests; and on18 November Steward of the Honor of Leicester and of Castle Donington,all in the Duchy of Lancaster. He and his father became joint ChiefStewards of the said Duchy, 1 December 1460. He was still in charge ofthe King in London when the Yorkists were defeated at the battle ofWakefield, 30 December, in which his father was taken prisoner, beingbeheaded the next day, 31 December 1460, when he succeeded to the greatNeville estate of Middleham, co. York. By the captive King he wasappointed, 22 January 1460/1, in succession to his father, GreatChamberlain of England for life. On 17 February 1460/1 he was put toflight by the Lancastrians at the 2nd battle of St. Albans, where heshowed "a signal lack of generalship" and allowed Henry VI to bere-captured, but having joined the younq Duke of York (victorious atMortimer's Cross, 2 February) in Oxfordshire, they entered London, 27February. Warwick was one of the peers who at Baynards Castle declaredthe Duke to be King, as Edward IV, 3 March, and after an action atFerrybridge, 28 March, where he was slightly wounded, he commanded thecentre in the decisive Yorkist victory at Towton, 29 March 1461. Whileentertaining the new King in his castle of Middleham, 7 May 1461, he wasre-appointed Great Chamberlain of England for life and appointed, alsofor life, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports and Constable of Dover Castle,Master of the King's Mews and Steward of the manor of Feckenham, co.Worcester. He was also continued in the post of Captain of Calais. Wardenof the East and West Marches towards Scotland, 31 July, and Ambassador totreat for a truce with Scotland, 2 August 1461; Steward of England in theprocess of an Act of Parliament against Henry VI and others, 3 December1461; Chief Steward of the Duchy of Lancaster, North and South, andSteward of the Honor of Pontefract (as from 4 March 1460/1), 15 December1461; was again appointed "to the safe-custody of the sea," i.e. Admiralof England, 13 February-July 1462, Captain of Carlisle and Warden of theWest Marches towards Scotland (as from 4 March 1460/1), 5 April 1462.Lieutenant in the North to raise the King's standard against his enemiesof France and Scotland, 6 November 1462. On the death of his mother, thesuo jure Countess of Salisbury, shortly before 9 December 1462, hesucceeded her as EARL OF SALISBURY [1337] and, according to moderndoctrine, as LORD MONTAGU [1299 and 1357] and LORD MONTHERMER [1309].From 1464 to 1467 he was continually employed on diplomatic missions,being app. a Commissioner to treat with France, 28 March 1464, 22 March1465/6 and 6 May 1467; with Scotland, 5 April and 26 May 1464 and 20November 1465, and to conserve the truce, 11 June 1464 and 10 October1466; with Burgundy, 28 March and 8 May 1465 and 22 March 1465/6; andwith Brittany, 8 May 1465. The King's marriage, however, in May 1464, toElizabeth Wydevill and the favour shown to the Queen's relatives tendedto alienate him, though he was godfather to Elizabeth, their eldestchild, born 11 February 1465/6. He was granted the castles of Cockermouthand Appleby, &c., also the sheriffdom of Westmorland, 11 April 1465; wasChief Justice in Eyre of the Forests beyond Trent (as from 4 March1460/1), 21 November 1466; and Constable and Steward of KenilworthCastle, 14 February 1467/8. On his return from his embassy to France in1467 Warwick found the alliance with Burgundy, which he had alwaysopposed, settled and the Queen's friends in power. Though an outwardreconciliation with them was effected, he was secretly planning his ownrestoration to authority throughout 1468 and he was allowed to cross toCalais early in 1469. Here he was joined by his brother George,Archbishop of York, and by the King's brother, the Duke of Clarence, towhom he there married, 11 July 1469, Isabel, his eldest daughter andcoheir presumptive. These three then, having put forth a manifesto ofgrievances, 12 July, crossed to Kent and joined the Yorkshire insurgentsunder Robin of Redesdale, who had, 26 July, defeated the King's forcesunder the Earl of Pembroke at Edgcote, near Banbury. On 17 August 1469the Earl obtained from Edward IV, who had been captured by the Archbishopand was, 25 August, at Middleham, the grant of the great offices in SouthWales, lately held by the Earl of Pembroke, whose execution he hadcaused. He then suppressed the Lancastrian rising in the North of hiskinsman, Sir Humphrey Neville, September 1469, and escorted the King,October following, to London, where an amnesty was granted. When,however, the Lincolnshire insurgents were defeated by Edward IV nearStamford, 12 March 1469/70, Sir Robert Welles, their leader, who wascaptured, divulged the alleged complicity of Warwick and Clarence, whowere accordingly proclaimed traitors at Nottingham, 31 March, and fledvia Dartmouth to France, April 1470. Here, at the instigation of theFrench King, Warwick was formally reconciled, in July, at Angers, toMargaret, Queen Consort of Henry VI; and landing (with the Duke ofClarence and the Earl of Oxford) at Dartmouth, 13 September, heproclaimed Henry VI as King, entered London, 6 October, and accompaniedhim in state to Westminster, 13 October 1470. By the Parliament that meton 26 November 1470 he and Clarence were appointed joint Lieutenants ofthe Realm. He was also made Admiral of England, Ireland and Aquitaine, 2January; a Commissioner to treat with the French ambassadors, 13February; Joint Keeper, with Jasper Tudor, the attainted Earl ofPembroke, of Brecknock and other Welsh castles, 14 February; and Keeperof Newport Castle, in South Wales, 21 February 1470/1. When Edward IVlanded in Yorkshire, March 1471, Warwick was deserted by Clarence. Afterjoining forces with Oxford and his brother, the Marquess of Montagu, atCoventry, he was defeated by Edward at Barnet on Easter Sunday, 14 April1471, and both he and Montagu were slain.

He married, in 1434, Anne, apparently suo jure COUNTESS OF WARWICK,sister and eventually coheir (sole heir of the whole blood) of Henry (DEBEAUCHAMP), DUKE and EARL OF WARWICK, 4th daughter of Richard, 13th EARLOF WARWICK, being only daughter by his 2nd wife, Isabel. He, who is knownin history as "The Kingmaker," appears never to have been attainted anddied s.p.m. as above, 14 April 1471, aged 42, being buried, with hisbrother, at Bisham Abbey, Berks. At his death the Earldom of Warwick[1450] remained (according to the grant in that year) in his widow forher life, while the Earldom of Salisbury reverted to the Crown and theBaronies of Montagu and Monthermer fell into abeyance between his 2daughters and coheirs. His widow had accompanied Margaret of Anjou toEngland, April 1471, and, Iearning of her husband's death, took sanctuaryat Beaulieu Abbey. From there she later petitioned Edward IV for herlands and dower. Shortly before 3 June 1473 she was removed, probably toMiddleham, by her son-in-law Richard, Duke of Gloucester; and in May1474, by Act of Parliament, her estates were divided between Clarence andGloucester, "as if the said Countess were now naturally dead." Havingsurvived both her daughters, she was granted by Henry VII, as fromMichaelmas 1485, a yearly pension of 500 marks; and she obtained an Actof Parliament, November-December 1487, for the annulment of that of 1474and her restoration to her family estates. These, however, she at once(presumably by previous arrangement), 13 December 1487, settled on theCrown, saving the manor of Erdington, co. Warwick, which she reserved forherself and her heirs. On 11 December 1490 she was appointed PrincipalKeeper of the Forest of Wychwood, Oxon., receiving at the same time alarge grant for life of some of her former lands in many counties. She,who was born circa September 1426 at Caversham, died shortly before 20September 1492, aged about 66, and was succeeded in the Earldom ofWarwick by Edward Plantagenet, her grandson and heir. [Complete PeerageXII/2:385-93, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)]

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

Hume says of Richard: "He figured prominently on the Yorkist side in theWars of the Roses and was killed at the battle of Barnet Field on April14, 1471 where his brother, John, Baron Montague, was also slain. Hedistinguished himself by his gallantry in the field, the hospitality ofhis table, by the magnificence, and still more by the generosity of hisexpense, and by the spirited and bold manner which attended him in allhis actions. The undesigning frankness and openness of his characterrendered his conquest over men's affections the more certain andinfallible; his presents were regarded as sure testimonies of esteem andfreindship, and his prrofessions as the overflowing of his genuinesentiments. No less than 30,000 persons are said to have daily lived athis board in the different manors and castles which he possessed inEngland. The military men, allured by his magnificence and hospitality,as well as by his bravery, were zealously attached to his interest. Thepeople in general bore him unlimited affection; his numerous retainerswere more devoted to his will than to the Prince or to the laws. He wasthe greatest as well as the last of those mighty barons"

His lands were in 1474 divided betwen the Dukes of Clarence andGloucester, the husbands of his two daughters Isabel and Anne. Clarencetaking the Beauchamp and Despenser and Gloucester the Neville and Montaguestates and eventualy by act of parliament in 1487 restored to his widow only to deed to the crown.

Originally buried Bisham Abbey in Berkshire
Present burial site unknown

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

Richard Neville, 1st Earl of Warwick, 2nd Earl of Salisbury, byname THEKINGMAKER (b. Nov. 22, 1428--d. April 14, 1471, Barnet, Hertfordshire,Eng.), English nobleman called, since the 16th century, "the Kingmaker,"in reference to his role as arbiter of royal power during the first halfof the Wars of the Roses (1455-85) between the houses of Lancaster andYork. He obtained the crown for the Yorkist king Edward IV in 1461 andlater restored to power (1470-71) the deposed Lancastrian monarch HenryVI.
The son of Richard Neville, 1st (or 5th) Earl of Salisbury (d. 1460), hebecame, through marriage, Earl of Warwick in 1449 and thereby acquiredvast estates throughout England. In 1453 Warwick and his father alliedwith Richard, Duke of York, who was struggling to wrest power from theLancastrian Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, chief minister to theineffectual king Henry VI. The two sides eventually took up arms, and, atthe Battle of St. Albans, Hertfordshire, in May 1455, Warwick's flankattack won a swift victory for the Yorkists. As his reward Warwick wasappointed captain of Calais, an English possession on the coast ofFrance. From Calais he crossed to England in 1460 and defeated andcaptured Henry VI at Northampton (July 10). York and Parliament agreed tolet Henry keep his crown, probably because of the influence of Warwick,who preferred to have a weak king.
The situation soon changed, however. York and Warwick's father, the Earlof Salisbury, were killed in battle in December 1460, and on Feb. 17,1461, the Lancastrians routed Warwick at St. Albans and regainedpossession of the king. Retreating, Warwick joined forces with York's sonEdward; they entered London unopposed, and on March 4, 1461, Edwardproclaimed himself king as Edward IV. Later that month Warwick and Edwardwon a decisive victory over the Lancastrians at Towton, Yorkshire.

Although Warwick wielded the real power for the first three years ofEdward's reign, gradually the king began to assert his independence.Warwick hoped to marry Edward to a French noblewoman--thereby gainingFrance as an ally--but Edward spoiled this scheme by secretly weddingElizabeth Woodville in May 1464. Tensions between the two men mounted asEdward provided his wife's relatives with high state offices.

Warwick then won to his side Edward's brother George, Duke of Clarence.In August 1469 they seized and briefly detained the king and executed thequeen's father and one of her brothers. A fresh revolt engineered byWarwick broke out in northern England in March 1470; after suppressingit, Edward turned on Warwick and Clarence, both of whom fled to France(April 1470). There Warwick was reconciled with his former enemy,Margaret of Anjou, Henry VI's wife. Returning to England in September1470, he drove Edward into exile and put Henry VI on the throne. Oncemore Warwick was master of England. Edward landed in the north in March1471, however, and on April 14 his troops killed Warwick at the Battle of Barnet. [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD, 1996, WARWICK, RICHARD NEVILLE, 1STEARL OF]

Heeft u aanvullingen, correcties of vragen met betrekking tot Richard "Kingmaker" (Richard "Kingmaker") Neville , Earl of Warwick [[Ch-Wikibio+++]] sss?
De auteur van deze publicatie hoort het graag van u!

Tijdbalk Richard "Kingmaker" (Richard "Kingmaker") Neville , Earl of Warwick [[Ch-Wikibio+++]] sss

Klik op de namen voor meer informatie. Gebruikte symbolen:  grootouders    ouders    broers/zussen    kinderen