The temperature on October 11, 1846 was about 13.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southeast. Weather type: betrokken regen. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 20 » Polish insurgents lead an uprising in Kraków to incite a fight for national independence.
May 7 » The Cambridge Chronicle, America's oldest surviving weekly newspaper, is published for the first time in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
June 14 » Bear Flag Revolt begins: Anglo settlers in Sonoma, California, start a rebellion against Mexico and proclaim the California Republic.
June 28 » Adolphe Sax patents the saxophone.
August 10 » The Smithsonian Institution is chartered by the United States Congress after James Smithson donates $500,000.
December 6 » American and Californio forces clash at the Battle of San Pasqual.
Day of marriage February 10, 1875
The temperature on February 10, 1875 was about -0.3 °C. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 88%. Source: KNMI
From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
January 5 » The Palais Garnier, one of the most famous opera houses in the world, is inaugurated in Paris.
March 3 » The first ever organized indoor game of ice hockey is played in Montreal, Quebec, Canada as recorded in the Montreal Gazette.
March 15 » Archbishop of New York John McCloskey is named the first cardinal in the United States.
April 10 » India: Arya Samaj is founded in Mumbai by Swami Dayananda Saraswati to propagate his goal of social reform.
May 1 » Alexandra Palace reopens after being burned down in a fire in 1873.
July 9 » The Herzegovina Uprising against Ottoman rule begins, which would last until 1878 and have far-reaching implications throughout the Balkans.
Day of death September 20, 1911
The temperature on September 20, 1911 was between 11.5 °C and 20.8 °C and averaged 15.3 °C. There was 7.5 mm of rain. There was 4.4 hours of sunshine (35%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south. Source: KNMI
May 23 » The New York Public Library is dedicated.
July 4 » A massive heat wave strikes the northeastern United States, killing 380 people in eleven days and breaking temperature records in several cities.
August 21 » The Mona Lisa is stolen by Vincenzo Peruggia, a Louvre employee.
September 7 » French poet Guillaume Apollinaire is arrested and put in jail on suspicion of stealing the Mona Lisa from the Louvre museum.
September 24 » His Majesty's Airship No. 1, Britain's first rigid airship, is wrecked by strong winds before her maiden flight at Barrow-in-Furness.
September 29 » Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: J.J. Top, "Family tree Familie Top", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-top/I648.php : accessed February 7, 2026), "Johanna Kuipers (1846-1911)".
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