Genealogy Richard Remmé, The Hague, Netherlands » Robert [Stewart] Stuart 1st Duke of Albany (b 1339, d 03.09.1420) (1339-1420)

Personal data Robert [Stewart] Stuart 1st Duke of Albany (b 1339, d 03.09.1420) 

• Alternative names: Robert Stewart 18th1st Earl of Atholl, Robert Stewart Earl of Fife, Robert Stewart 12th1st Earl of Fife, Robert Stewart 10th Earl of Menteith, Robert Stewart 2nd Earl of Buchan, Robert Stewart, Robert Stewart Prince of Scotland, Robert Stewart 1st Duke of Albany, Robert [Stuart] Stewart 1st Duke of Albany (b 1339, d 03.09.1420), Robert Stuart
• He was born in the year 1339 in Fife, Scotland.Sources 5, 9, 11, 15, 17, 19

  Irvine

• (LDS Temple) : Earl of Ross by King Robert II of Scotland.
• (Titled) in the year 1371.

  Earl of Atholl by King Robert II of Scotland

• (Titled) in the year 1371.

  Earl of Fife by King Robert II of Scotland

• (Titled) in the year 1374.

  Earl of Buchan by King Robert II of Scotland

• (Titled) in the year 1398.

  Duke of Albany by King Robert III of Scotland

• (Titled) in the year 1406.

  Regent of Scotland

• He died on September 3, 1420 in Stirling Castle, Stirling, Stirlingshire, Scotland, Great Britain, he was 81 years old.Sources 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 15, 20, 21
• He is buried in Dunfermlime Abbey, Fife, Fifeshire, Schotland, Great Britain.Sources 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 21
• A child of Robert II Stewart and Elizabeth Mure
• This information was last updated on December 4, 2022.

Household of Robert [Stewart] Stuart 1st Duke of Albany (b 1339, d 03.09.1420)

(1) He is married to Mary - Margaret Graham.

They got married on September 9, 1361 at Menteith, Stirling, Scotland, he was 22 years old.Source 22

MARR: CONC Forth

Child(ren):

1. Murdoch Stuart  1362-1425 
2. Beatrice Stuart  1365-1424
3. Mary Stuart  1367-1420 
4. Janet Stewart  1369-???? 
5. Margaret Stuart  1370-???? 
6. Isabel Stuart  1372-???? 
7. John Stuart  ± 1381-1424 
8. Margaret (or Joan) Stewart  ± 1390-< 1443 

(2) He is married to Muriella Marietta Keith.

They got married on May 4, 1380 at Ayrshire, Scotland, he was 41 years old.Sources 5, 10

Child(ren):

1. Margaret Stewart  
2. John Stuart  ± 1381-1424 
3. Marjory (Marcelline) Stuart  ± 1388-< 1432 
4. Andrew Stuart  ± 1390-± 1413
5. Robert Stuart  ± 1390-1424
6. Elizabeth Stewart  ± 1384-???? 

Child(ren):

1. Janet Stewart  

(4) He is married to Margaret Murdoch.

They got married

Notes about Robert [Stewart] Stuart 1st Duke of Albany (b 1339, d 03.09.1420)

Duke of Albany-Fife

file:///E:/E-S009/genealogy/Grab_A_Site_downloads/euweb/stewart06.htm#keithm

Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, Regent (b 1339, d 03.09.1420) m1. Margaret Graham, Countess of Menteith (d c1380)

...

m2. Marietta Keith (d 1449, dau of Sir William Keith, Marischal)
...

======================================

royal_lineage.ged

Regent of Scotland; third son of King Robert II. As earl of Fife and Atholl, he held commands under his father and more than once raided England, leading the invasion of 1388. Because of his father's old age he was given the power of government in 1389; he continued it during the reign of Robert III, his infirm brother. Made duke of Albany in 1398, in 1399 he was forced to give up the regency to his nephew, David Stuart, duke of Rothesay. Rothesay died (1402) in the custody of Albany and Archibald Douglas, 4th Earl of Douglas, both of whom were officially declared guiltless of his death. Albany became governor or warden again and continued in that position after Robert III's death because the new King, James I, was a prisoner in England. During Albany's rule the struggle with England went on, and the Scottish alliance with France was continued. At home he allowed the nobles much power but put down (1411) a rebellion of Donald MacDonald, Lord of the Isles. Apparently Albany tried to make his sovereignty hereditary in all but name, and he was succeeded as regent by his son Murdoch, 2d duke of Albany. The latter proved a weak ruler, however, and was executed (1425) after King James I's return to Scotland.

===========================

Robert Stewart (1st Duke of Albany) c.1340 - 1419 Regent of Scotland. Son of King Robert II (1316-90), and brother of King Robert III (c.1340-1406) and Al exander Stewart, the Wolf of Badenoch (1343-1405). As Prime Minister, he held significant power even while his older brother was on the throne, and was cr eated Duke of Albany in 1398. To maintain his power, Stewart murdered his nep hew, the Duke of Rothesay, who was heir to the throne and was appointed Regent on his brother's death (1406). Conveniently, the young King James I (1394-1 437) was captured by the English in the same year, and unsurprisingly Stewart made no attempt to secure James' release. Stewart ruled until his own death through a combination of cunning, negotiation and ruthlessness. He died at S tirling Castle and is buried at Dunfermline Abbey.

===========

[Isiaha Lee.ged]
[Thomas C. Renehan.ged]

Robert Stewart, 3rd, but 2nd surviving son of Robert, High Steward of Scotland, afterwards (1370-90) Robert II, by his 1st wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Adam Mure, of Rowallan, was b. about 1340, and while a young man (1361), became, in right of his wife, Earl Of Menteith.  By agreement, 30 Mar 1371, with Isabel, suo jure Countess of Fife, he became, on her resignation, Earl Of Fife, by which later title he was generally known.  Great Chamberlain 1383-1407.  He mad two successful raids into England, one in 1385, and another in 1388.  On 1 Dec 1388 the King (his father), being aged, and his eldest brother (afterwards Robert II) infirm, he was made, by Parliament, Guardian of the Realm, and, as such, agreed to a treaty with the English in 1389; but on 27 Jan 1398/9, he was superseded, by the appointment of David, the heir apparent of the throne, as "King's Lieutenant" with as ample powers as his (David's) uncle (the said Duke) had as "Guardian of the Realm". On the death, sp. legit, of his brother Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan, he appears to have been considered to have succeeded to that Earldom, (recognized to the said Alexander, 25 July 1382) which he resigned 20 Sep 1406.  In Mar 1398 he, with his said nephew David, had an interview at Haudenstank with John, Duke of Lancaster, and other English Commissioners, and shortly afterwards, he and his said nephew were each advanced to a Dukedom (the first Dukes ever made in Scotland), he being, on 28 Apr 1398, created Duke Of Albany, in a solemn Council held at Scone.  For his complicity in the arrest of his said nephew, David, then Duke of Rothesay (who d. a prisoner in Albany's Castle of Falkland, 27 Mar 1402), he received a remission from Parliament. After his nephew's death, the Duke assumed the then vacant office of "King's Lieutenant"; and by Charter, 2 Sep 1403, was created Earl of Atholl, during the life of the reigning King, with remainder (should he die before the said King) to his 2nd son John. By the death of the said King, 4 Apr 1406, this Earldom consequently became extinct.  At the council held June 1406, after the death of his brother Robert III, he was made Regent, the King (his nephew James I), being then a prisoner in England, which Kingdom accordingly he again invaded in 1417, but on this occasion without success.

He m., 1stly (dispensation 9 Sep 1361), Margaret, suo jure Countess Of Menteith (who had previously been the wife of Sir John Moray of Bothwell (dsp. 1352), of Thomas Erskine, 9th Earl Of Mar, and of Sir John Drummond of Concraig), daughter (only surviving child & heir) of John Graham, jure uxoris Earl Of Menteith, by Mary, suo jure Countess Of Menteith. She d. about 1380, between 21 Jul 1372 and 4 May 1380. He m. 2ndly (Papal dispensation 4 May 1380), Muriel, 1st daughter of Sir William Keith, Marischal of Scotland, by Margaret, daughter and heir of John Fraser of Zouch (sic. Touch?) Fraser, son and heir of Sir Alexander Fraser, High Chamberlain.  He d. 3 Sep 1420, at Stirling Castle, aged above 80, and was buried in Donfermline Abbey. ; His widow d. shortly before Whitsunday (1 June) 1449.
[Complete Peerage I:77-79, XIV:15]

___

Robert Stewart, third son of King Robert II by Elizabeth Mure, his first wife, born in 1339, married first, by dispensation dated 9 September 1361, as her fourth husband, Margaret, Countess Of Menteith, by which marriage he became by courtesy Earl Of Menteith.  He entered into an indenture with Isobel, Countess of Fife, relict of his elder brother Walter, dated at Perth, 30 March 1371, wherein she acknowledges him to be her lawful heir-apparent, and that, when the Earldom of Fife is recovered and the Countess has got possession of it, whe will resign it into the King's hands for infeftment in his favour.  In consequence of this he succeeded to that Earldom, and was styled Earl Of Fife and Menteith.  By Crown charter, dated 7 February 1372-3, the custody of the Castle of Stirling was committed to his care.  In 1382 he was appointed Great Chamberlain of Scotland, which office he held till 1408, when he resigned in favour of his son John, Earl of Buchan.  In 1385, in conjunction with the Earl of Douglas and a body of French auxiliaries under Jean De Vienne, Admiral of France, he invaded England with an army of 30,000 men, took the Castle of Wark, and ravaged the country from Berwick to Newcastle.  On the advance of the Duke of Lancaster against him, he retired into Scotland, which was thereupon invaded by the English.  The Earls of Fife and Douglas, along with Archibald, Lord of Galloway, thereupon invaded Cumberland as far as Cockermouth, spoiling the country between the Felis and the sea.  The Earl Of Menteith made another successful invasion of England in 1388.  His father, King Robert II, being now far advanced in years, and his elder brother, the Earl of Carrick, afterwards Robert III, being from bodily infirmity unable to take an active part in government, a parliament was called in which the Earl Of Fife was by the Three Estates solemnly recognised on 1 December 1388 as guardian of the kingdom, in which office hd continued after the death of his father and the accession of his elder brother, Joh, Earl of Carrick, to the throne, under the title of Robert III, in 1390.  Eight years after this, when the heir-apparent to the throne was created Duke of Rothesay, the Earl Of Fife and Menteith, on 28 April 1398, was created Duke Of Albany.  The following year he had the pretended King Richard II placed under his custody.  His nephew, the Duke of Rothesay, having been for some youthful excesses, by order of his father, King Robert III, seized and delivered into his safe-keeping, it has been alleged that he was most barbarously starved to death in Albany's Castle of Falkland, 27 March 1402.  It is more likely, however, that he died of dysentery.  A parliament was called and met at Edinburgh, 16 May 1402, to inquire into the fact, and Albany and the Earl of Douglas having confessed the imprisonment, imputing the death to divine provindence, were acquitted of the charge and obtained a full remission under the Great Seal.  The following year the Regent assembled forces, took Innerwick from the English and saved Cocklaws Castle from being delivered up to the Percies by James De Gladstanes, who had agreed to surrender if not succoured in time. On 2 September 1403 the Earldom of Atholl, which had reverted to the Crown on the death of the Duke of Rothesay, was conferred on him in free regality during the lifetime of the King only, with a remainder to his son John in case of his predecease.  On the death of King Robert III in 1406, the Duke Of Albany was constituted regent and governor of the realm of Scotland, his hephwe James being a prisoner in England.  When King Henry V was in France, in 1417, the regent raised an army to invade England and attack Berwick, but was forced to retire by the Dukes of Bedford and Exeter. ; In 1419 he despatched his son John, Earl of Buchan, with a chosen army of 7000 men inot France to assist the Dauphin against the English, and he concluded a long and active life of vigorous exertion at the Castle of Stirling, 2 September 1420, aged upwards of eighty.  His body was interred in the Abbey Church of Dunfermline.  Wintoun and Bower draw his character in very flattering colours, and while he may not be the melodramatic villain described by Pinkerton, neither was he, as represented by the writer of the 'Red Book of Menteith,' the most perfect man who ever inhabited this world.

He married first, Margaret, Countess Of Menteith, only daughter of Sir John Graham and Mary, Countess Of Menteith, widow of Sir John Moray, Lord of Bothwell, Thomas, thirteenth Earl Of Mar, and Sir John Drummond of Concraig.

The regent married, secondly, Muriella, eldest daughter of Sir William De Keith, Great Marischal of Scotland, who survived him and died shortly before Witsunday 1449.
[The Scots Peerage I:146-148]

---

[Hamish Maclaren.ged]

Under "Fife", Vol 2, (# V, pages 369-380)
The Complete Peerage
Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain & the United Kingdom. Extant, Extinct or Dormant. By G. E. Cokayne. 2000,Sutton Publishing Ltd, Gloucester.'

Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Stewart%2C_1st_Duke_of_Albany

Scottish Royalty-House of Stewart
Robert II
Children
John, Earl of Carrick (later King Robert III)
Robert, Duke of Albany
Alexander, Earl of Buchan
David, Earl of Strathearn
Walter, Earl of Atholl
Robert III
Prince David
Prince James
James I
Children
Margaret Stewart
Prince James
James II
Children
Prince James
Alexander, Duke of Albany
John, Earl of March
James III
Children
Prince James
James, Duke of Ross
John, Earl of Mar
James IV
Children
Prince James
James, Earl of Moray
James V
Children
Princess Mary
James, Earl of Moray
Mary I
Children
Prince James
James VI
Children
Prince Charles
Charles I
Children
Prince Charles
Prince James
Prince Henry
Princess Mary
Princess Henrietta
Charles II
James VII
Children
Princess Mary
Princess Anne
Prince James
Mary II
William II
Anne

Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany (c. 1340 ? 3 September 1420) a member of the Scottish royal house, served as regent (at least partially) to three different Scottish monarchs.  He also held the titles of Earl of Menteith (28 February 1361), Earl of Fife (1361; resigned in 1372), Earl of Buchan (1394; resigned in 1406) and Earl of Atholl (1403, for the duration of Robert III's life only), in addition to his 1398 creation as Duke of Albany.

Robert Stewart, an illegitimate son of the future King Robert II of Scotland and of Elizabeth Mure of Rowallan, became legitimated in 1349 upon his parents' marriage.  The elder Robert had many children, the eldest of whom, John Stewart, became Earl of Carrick in 1368.  In 1361, Robert Stewart married Mary Graham, Countess of Menteith, with whom he had several daughters and one son, Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of Albany; his sister-in-law's claim to the Earldoms of Menteith and Fife allowed him to assume those titles after marriage.  Robert subsequently married Muriella de Keith, with whom he had two sons, the elder of whom was John Stewart, 2nd Earl of Buchan.

During the reign of their infirm father as King Robert II (1371 - 1390), the future Duke of Albany and Lord Carrick functioned as regents, with Albany serving as High Chamberlain of Scotland; during this time, he also led several military expeditions and raids into the Kingdom of England. ; However, in 1389, Lord Carrick became incapacitated in an accident.  After Carrick nevertheless acceded to the throne as Robert III (1390), this "sickness of the body" caused control of the kingdom to devolve in 1399 to the new king's son and heir apparent, David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay (who held the first dukedom created in the Scottish Peerage).  However, the English soon invaded Scotland, and several important events took place, fomenting serious differences between Albany and Rothesay, and in 1402 the latter duke died under mysterious circumstances at Falkland Palace. After the death of his brother Robert III in 1406, Albany served as regent for his young nephew James I.

The Duke of Albany died in Stirling Castle and lies buried in Dunfermline Abbey in Fife.

---

[Ray Greysteel.ged]

From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 5 JAN 1998.

MARR DATE DIS. 04 MAY 1380

---

[Jim Weber.FTW]

Robert's elder brother John became Robert III of Scotland.
[Burke's Peerage]

Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, so created 1398 (Albany being Gaelic for Scotland north of Forth), the same day as his nephew, the heir apparent to the throne, they being the first two dukes ever created in Scotland; also Earl of Menteith in right of his wife and Earl of Fife by entail 1371; Great Chamberlain of Scotland 1382-1408, invaded England with Douglas 1385, Regent 1388-1420; imprisoned his nephew, who died mysteriously 1402, invaded England 1417; rebuilt Doune Castle; married 1st (papal dispensation 9 Sep 1361) Margaret (d. c1380), Countess of Menteith in her own right (through whom he inherited Doune Castle), daughter of John Graham, Earl of Menteith, and widow of (a) Sir John Murray, (feudal) Lord of Bothwell, (b) 9th Earl of Mar, and (c) Sir John Drummond of Concraig, and died 2 Sep 1420; married 2nd (papal dispensation May 1380) Muriel (died May 1449), daughter of Sir William Keith, Marshal of Scotland.
[Burke's Peerage]

---

Robert Stewart, Earl of Fife, Earl of Menteith, Duke of Albany, Great Chamberlain, Regent of Scotland, b. 1339, d. 2 Sep 1420; m. (1) c 1360 Margaret, d. between 20 July 1372 and 4 May 1380, suo juris Countess of Menteith.
[Magna Charta Sureties]

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DUKEDOM of ALBANY (SCT) (I) 1398

EARLDOM of ATHOLL (SCT) (XVIII, 1) 1403-1406

Earldom of Buchan (SCT) (X, 2) 1406?

EARLDOM of FIFE (SCT) (XII, 1) 1371

EARLDOM of MENTEITH (SCT) (X, 1) in right of wife, Margaret Graham 1361

Robert Stewart, 3rd, but 2nd surviving son of Robert, High Steward of Scotland, afterwards (1370-90) Robert II, by his 1st wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Adam Mure, of Rowallan, was b. about 1340, and while a young man (1361), became, in right of his wife, Earl of Menteith.  By agreement, 30 Mar 1371, with Isabel, suo jure Countess of Fife, he became, on her resignation, Earl of Fife, by which later title he was generally known.  Great Chamberlain 1383-1407.  He mad two successful raids into England, one in 1385, and another in 1388.  On 1 Dec 1388 the King (his father), being aged, and his eldest brother (afterwards Robert II) infirm, he was made, by Parliament, Guardian of the Realm, and, as such, agreed to a treaty with the English in 1389; but on 27 Jan 1398/9, he was superseded, by the appointment of David, the heir apparent of the throne, as "King's Lieutenant" with as ample powers as his (David's) uncle (the said Duke) had as "Guardian of the Realm". On the death, sp. legit, of his brother Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan, he appears to have been considered to have succeeded to that Earldom, (recognized to the said Alexander, 25 July 1382) which he resigned 20 Sep 1406.  In Mar 1398 he, with his said nephew David, had an interview at Haudenstank with John, Duke of Lancaster, and other English Commissioners, and shortly afterwards, he and his said nephew were each advanced to a Dukedom (the first Dukes ever made in Scotland), he being, on 28 Apr 1398, created Duke of Albany, in a solemn Council held at Scone.  For his complicity in the arrest of his said nephew, David, then Duke of Rothesay (who d. a prisoner in Albany's Castle of Falkland, 27 Mar 1402), he received a remission from Parliament.  After his nephew's death, the Duke assumed the then vacant office of "King's Lieutenant"; and by Charter, 2 Sep 1403, was created Earl of Atholl, during the life of the reigning King, with remainder (should he die before the said King) to his 2nd son John. By the death of the said King, 4 Apr 1406, this Earldom consequently became extinct.  At the council held June 1406, after the death of his brother Robert III, he was made Regent, the King (his nephew James I), being then a prisoner in England, which Kingdom accordingly he again invaded in 1417, but on this occasion without success.

He m., 1stly (dispensation 9 Sep 1361), Margaret, suo jure Countess of Menteith (who had previously been the wife of Sir John Moray of Bothwell (dsp. 1352), of Thomas Erskine, 9th Earl of Mar, and of Sir John Drummond of Concraig), daughter (only surviving child & heir) of John Graham, jure uxoris Earl of Menteith, by Mary, suo jure Countess of Menteith.  She d. about 1380, between 21 Jul 1372 and 4 May 1380. He m. 2ndly (Papal dispensation 4 May 1380), Muriel, 1st daughter of Sir William Keith, Marischal of Scotland, by Margaret, daughter and heir of John Fraser of Zouch (sic. Touch?) Fraser, son and heir of Sir Alexander Fraser, High Chamberlain.  He d. 3 Sep 1420, at Stirling Castle, aged above 80, and was buried in Donfermline Abbey.  His widow d. shortly before Whitsunday (1 June) 1449.
[Complete Peerage I:77-79, XIV:15]

Note: Albany is that part of Scotland which lies north of the Firths of Clyde & Forth, including all of the highlands, which was the ancient kingdom of Albans.  Also note that James I was a prisoner because his father (Robert III) felt the need to send him to France in order to protect him from the Duke of Albany (otherwise he would have suffered the same fate as his brother David).  But the ship he was on, bound for France, was captured by the English, and James was taken prisoner for a very long time. ; The Duke of Albany was sometimes blamed for not ransoming James earlier, but apparently the fault lay with the English, who had no desire to free him.

...x

.

CONC White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, Complete Peerage of
CONC England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and theUnited Kingdom,
CONC Extant, Extinct or Dormant (Name: Alan Sutton Publishing, 1910-1959;
CONC Location: Gloucester, U.K.; Date: 2000;), I:77-79,VIII:667-8, XIV:15.
CONC White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, Complete Peerage of
CONC England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and theUnited Kingdom,
CONC Extant, Extinct or Dormant (Name: Alan Sutton Publishing, 1910-1959;
CONC Location: Gloucester, U.K.; Date: 2000;).
CONC Peerage, I:146-148, VI:138-140.
CONC White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, Complete Peerage of
CONC England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and theUnited Kingdom,
CONC Extant, Extinct or Dormant (Name: Alan Sutton Publishing, 1910-1959;
CONC Location: Gloucester, U.K.; Date: 2000;), I:77-79,VIII:667-8, XIV:15.
CONC White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, Complete Peerage of
CONC England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and theUnited Kingdom,
CONC Extant, Extinct or Dormant (Name: Alan Sutton Publishing, 1910-1959;
CONC Location: Gloucester, U.K.; Date: 2000;).
CONC White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, Complete Peerage of
CONC England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and theUnited Kingdom,
CONC Extant, Extinct or Dormant (Name: Alan Sutton Publishing, 1910-1959;
CONC Location: Gloucester, U.K.; Date: 2000;).
CONC White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, Complete Peerage of
CONC England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and theUnited Kingdom,
CONC Extant, Extinct or Dormant (Name: Alan Sutton Publishing, 1910-1959;
CONC Location: Gloucester, U.K.; Date: 2000;).
CONC White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, Complete Peerage of
CONC England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and theUnited Kingdom,
CONC Extant, Extinct or Dormant (Name: Alan Sutton Publishing, 1910-1959;
CONC Location: Gloucester, U.K.; Date: 2000;).
CONC Peerage, I:146-148, VI:138-140.
CONC Peerage, I:146-148, VI:138-140.
CONC White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, Complete Peerage of
CONC England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and theUnited Kingdom,
CONC Extant, Extinct or Dormant (Name: Alan Sutton Publishing, 1910-1959;
CONC Location: Gloucester, U.K.; Date: 2000;).
CONC White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, Complete Peerage of
CONC England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and theUnited Kingdom,
CONC Extant, Extinct or Dormant (Name: Alan Sutton Publishing, 1910-1959;
CONC Location: Gloucester, U.K.; Date: 2000;).

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