Genealogie Wylie » Humphrey Plantagenet , Duke of Gloucester [[Ch-Wikibio+++]] sss (1390-????)

Persoonlijke gegevens Humphrey Plantagenet , Duke of Gloucester [[Ch-Wikibio+++]] sss 

• Ook bekend als 2nd\1st Duke of /Gloucester/, Humphrey Plantagenet.
• Hij is geboren op 3 oktober 1390 in Kenilworth Castle, Warwickshire, England.Bronnen 1, 2
• Beroep: in Duke of Gloucester.Bronnen 3, 4
• Hij is overleden op 23 februari 1446/1447 in Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, England, hij was toen 55 jaar oud.Bronnen 1, 2
• Hij is begraven op 4 maart 1446/1447 in St. Albans Abbey, Hertfordshire, England.
• Een kind van Henry IV Plantagenet King of England en Mary of Derby de Bohun
• Deze gegevens zijn voor het laatst bijgewerkt op 18 maart 2023.

Gezin van Humphrey Plantagenet , Duke of Gloucester [[Ch-Wikibio+++]] sss

(1) Hij is getrouwd met Eleanor Cobham.

Zij zijn getrouwd in het jaar 1428 te 2nd wife, hij was toen 37 jaar oud.Bronnen 2, 5

Kind(eren):

1. Antigone Plantagenet  < 1421-???? 

(2) Hij is getrouwd met Jacqueline Wittelsbach.

1422

Zij zijn getrouwd in het jaar 1421 te England, hij was toen 30 jaar oud.Bron 3

Notities over Humphrey Plantagenet , Duke of Gloucester [[Ch-Wikibio+++]] sss

youngest son
Gloucester, Humphrey, duke of,1391-1447, English nobleman; youngest son
of Henry IV and Maryd e Bohun. He was well educated and had a great
interest inhumanist scholarship. After the accession of his eldest
brother as Henry V, Humphrey was created (1414) duke of Gloucester andearl
l of Cambridge. He served in Henry's French campaigns and was wounded at
the battle of Agincou rt (1415). In 1420-21 he remained in England as
regent during Henry's absence. When Henry was succeeded by his infant
son, Henry VI, Gloucester claimed the regency. However, the 1422 Parlia-
ment disregarded this claim, which was based on Henry V's will, and made
Gloucester'solder brother, John of Lancaster, duke of Bedford, protector
of the realm. Since Bedford was occupied in France, Gloucester wasgiven
the title of protector during his absences, but he had to share his
authority with a council of magnates. Gloucester'sensuing struggle for
power against his uncle, Henry Beaufort,forced Bedford to return from
France several times to reconcile them . Gloucester married (c.1422)
Jacqueline of Hainaut but abandoned (1425) her after their disastrous
military expeditionto Hainaut. A papal decree of 1428 invalidated that
marriage and permitted him to marry his mistress, Eleanor Cobham, but he
was severely criticized. Henry was crowned king of England in 1429 and
king of France in 1431, and Beaufort's ascendancy henceforth increased.
After the death of Bedford in 1435, Gloucester became heir presumptive,
but his influence with the young kingwaned ashe advocated continuing
the unsuccessful war in France. When Eleanor, Gloucester's wife, was
imprisoned in 1441 for sorcery against the king, Gloucester' s political
importance was practically ended. In 1447, William de la Pole, 4th earl
ofSuffolk (see under Pole, family), who had succeeded Beaufort as the
king's chief adviser, had Glouce ster arrested for treason.The duke fell
sick and died in custody. He was known as "GoodDuke H umphrey, probably
because of his patronage of scholars andmen of letters. He corresponded
wit hthe leaders of the newItalian humanism, had translations made from
the Greekclassics,and collected a considerable library. His gift of
books to Oxford Univ. formed the nucleus later restored and developed
bySir Thomas Bodley into the Bodleian Library. However, in matters of state
he lacked determination, flitting from one project to another and
following through with none. Unable to appear decisive, he thus
antagonized all by his assertions of power.

Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, b. 3 Oct 1390; dsp legit. Bury St. Edmunds,23 Feb 1446/7; m. (1) bef. 7 Mar 1422/3, Jacqueline, Countess of Holland,Zealand and Hainault, daughter and heir of William, Duke of Bavaria, annulled 9 Jan 1427/8; m. 1428 Eleanor, daughter of Sir Reginald Cobham,who had been his mistress, d. a prisoner at Peel Castle, Isle of Man,1454. It is often suggested, but without proof, that Eleanor was mother before marriage of Humphrey's 2 illegitimate children: Aurthur and Antigone. No proof of their maternity. [Ancestral Roots]

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EARLDOM OF PEMBROKE (XIV, 1) 1414 to 1447

DUKEDOM OF GLOUCESTER (II) 1414 to 1447

Humphrey of Lancaster, called "the Good", 4th and youngest son of Henry,Earl of Derby (afterwards Henry IV), by his 1st wife, Mary, daughter andcoheir of Humphrey (de Bohun), Earl of Hereford and Northampton, was b. 3Oct 1390, while his father was in Prussia. He was knighted 12 Oct 1399,and on 3 Dec, Cookham and Bray, co. Berks and other manors were grantedto him. Nominated KG c 1400. He fought at the battle of Shrewsbury, 21July 1403, and on 1 Dec, was granted the reversion of the office ofConstable of Marlborough Castle and Keeper of Savernake Forest, Justiceof the peace in Essex 27 Jan 1404/5 and in later years, also 1415 inWilts, and in 1416 in Kent and Gloucester. On 17 Mar 1409/10 he wasappointed Keeper of Clarendon Forest. He is said to have been educatedat Balliol College, Oxford, to which university he was a generousbenefactor. Appointed Lord Great Chamberlain of England, 7 May 1413,during pleasure, and again 30 Nov 1422 and on 20 July had a grant of theCastle and Lordship of Pembroke and other lands in South Wales to him andhis issue. At the Parliament held at Leicester he was created 16 May1414, Earl of Pembroke and Duke of Gloucester, by girding with the sword,placing the cap on his head, and delivering a golden rod both for life,with annual grants of 20 pounds and 40 pounds for the respectivedignities from the counties named.
He was summoned to Parliament from 16 Sep 1414 to 20 Jan 1446/7, and wasa Trier of Petitions in 1414 and afterwards. He was present as a PrivyCouncilor 10 Apr 1415. On 2 Aug 1415, bef. the departure for the Frenchcampaign, he took part in the trial of Richard, Earl of Cambridge, andothers at Southampton.

He had a retinue of 142 lances and 406 archers. Henry V landed in Franceon 13 Aug and laid siege to Harfleur, giving the command to the Duke. AtAgincourt, 25 Oct 1415, Humphrey fought gallantly, was wounded in thegroin and surrounded by the enemy, his men having fled, but the Kingrescued him. He was appointed Constable of Dover and Warden of theCinque Ports 27 Nov 1415, and had the grant of them for life 23 Jun 1416,and had a grant of the Barton of Bristol 12 Dec 1415, Carisbrooke Castle28 Dec following. He was appointed Chief Justice and Warden of allforests south of Trent 27 Jan 1415, and on 20 Feb had a grant of theCastle and Lordship of Llanstephan, co. Glamorgan. On 29 Apr 1416 he metthe Emperor Sigismund at Dover. In November following, the Emperordesiring to make peace and John, Duke of Burgundy, being unwilling totrust himself in Calais without hostages, Humphrey, with others,surrendered himself at Gravelines and was held at St. Omer as a pawn forthe safety of Duke John, being entertained liberally until set free toreturn to Calais. In July 1417 Gloucester set out with the King on hissecond expedition to France. He took a very active part in thiscampaign; reduced Lisieux, fought at the sieges of Caen (Aug) and Falaise(Dec), at the subjugation of the Cotentin (Mar 1417/8), the siege ofCherbourg, only taken after a stubborn resistance in Nov 1418, the siegeof Rouen taken 19 Jan 1418/9, and the other sieges of that year. On 8May 1418 he was given powers to administer the discipline of the army, on12 June was appointed Lieutenant of the Marches of Normandy, and in Jan1418/9 was made Governor of Rouen. In June 1419 he was a commissioner totreat for peace and for the King's marriage. On 30 Dec 1419 he wasappointed Keeper of the Realm and Deputy of the King during his absence.On 23 Apr 1420 he presided at the feast of St. George at Windsor and on20 May attended the convention to arrange terms of peace at Troyes. On 3Jun 1420 he was present at the marriage of his brother, the King. On 21Feb 1420/1 he was "Overseer" at the Coronation of Queen Catherine inWestminster Abbey. Later in the year he was again in France. In May1422 he was appointed Regent in England, and after the death, 31 Aug1422, of Henry V, he was Commissioner, 6 Nov to open and dissolveParliament, and again in Oct 1423; and 5 Dec following was made"Protector and Defender of the Realm and Church of England" during theabsence of his brother the Duke of Bedford in France. On 10 Dec 1422 hewas made Constable of Gloucester Castle during pleasure. He had a grantof 8,000 marks per annum for his office of Protector of the Realm andchief councillor of his nephew the infant King 2 Mar 1422/3.

On his marriage, in Mar 1423, he assumed the titles of his wife, stylinghimself Count of Holland, Zealand, and Hainault. He was Deputy of theOrder of the Garter in 1423, and President in 1437. On 8 May 1423 he wasappointed Captain of the Castle of Guines. In Oct 1424 he and his wife,Jacqueline, Countess of Halland and Hainault, went to Hainault to attemptto recover her lordships, but he soon was discouraged, and leaving her atMons, he returned to England in 1425. In 1425 he wished to fight a duelwith the Duke of Burgundy, whom his marriage with Jacqueline had turned,from an ally, into a bitter personal enemy, but was prohibited from doingso by the English Parliament and by the Pope. In Oct 1425 he had adispute with his uncle, the Bishop of Winchester, in which the citizensof London, with whom he was a favourite, strongly supported him. On 26May 1426 he was appointed Chief Guardian of the truce with Scotland. Hewas Justiciar of Chester and North Wales 10 May 1427 till 1440. In 1427he held a council in London for the repression of the Lollards. On 20Nove 1428 he was appointed Keeper of the New Forest during pleasure. Hewas appointed 10 Oct 1429, Steward of England for the Coronation of HenryVI on 6 Nov following, and on 30 Oct received a mandate to perform hisoffice of Great Chamberlain on that occasion by deputy. In Feb 1429/30he accompanied the young King from London to Canterbury on his way toFrance, and on 23 Apr was appointed again Keeper of the Realm during theKing's absence for his coronation (16 Dec 1431) in France. On 12 Mar1430/1 he was present at the burning of an heretical priest, and in July1431he went on a tour of inquiry regarding heretics, rebels andtraitors. On 28 Nov 1432 he had a grant of 6,000 marks per annum for hischarges during the King's absence, and of 5,000 marks after the King'sreturn.

He had licence for himself and his second wife, Eleanor, to impark 200acres of land at East Greenwich, to enclose their manor house there withwalls, and to crenellate the same, and to build a stone tower in thepark, 30 Jan 1432/3, and apparently in this year he had a grant ofCastillon. At Easter 1433 he attended a Council at Calais with hisbrother, the Duke of Bedford. On 8 July 1433 he surrendered his lifepeerages to the King, and received a regrant of them in tail male, withthe same annuities as before, also a grant of the alien priory ofPembroke, where he was to maintain 4 chaplains to celebrate daily.

On the death of his brother, the Duke of Bedford, 14 Sep 1435, Humphreybecame next heir to the Crown. He was appointed Lieutenant of the townand castle of Calais and the Marches (ie. "Captain of Calais") 1 Nov1435. On 3 Nov, he and Eleanor, his 2nd wife, settled their estates intail. On 20 July 1436 he was granted a loan of 5,000 marks. He went ofto Calais in July with a great force to raise the siege of that city bythe Flemings, but, finding the siege abandoned, he made a raid into WestFlanders and returned to England in Aug. On 30 July 1436 he was createdCount of Flanders for life, to hold the comte of the King in right of hiscrown of France. On 16 May 1436/7 he was appointed Justice of Flint andAnglesey during pleasure; on 9 Apr 1437 he had a grant of the ChannelIslands, vice the Duke of Bedford deceased; and on 11 May had a grant of2,000 marks per annum for expenses. In Aug he had a mandate to attendthe burial of Joan, widow of Henry IV, at Canterbury. On 22 Apr 1439 heprocured a grant of 10 marks per annum for John Lydgate, "{monk of Bury."

The war policy which he had long favoured and his continual dissensionswith his uncle, Cardinal Beaufort, gradually weakened his influence inthe Council, and when he made a violent protest against the release ofthe Duke of Orleans, 2 Jun 1440, and insulted the King and the noblesassembled on 28 Aug in Westminster Abbey, by leaving before the mass incelebration of the Duke's release, he may be said to have put an end tohis public career. On 7 Jun 1441 he had licence to assign the alienpriory of Pembroke to St. Albans Abbey, and on 4 Jan 1442/3 had a grantfor life of Rockingham Castle and lordship and the stewardship of theforest, etc. From now until his death there were a number of grants ofreversions of his estates, but he gradually withdrew from politics andstate affairs after the conviction, in Oct 1441, of his 2nd wife,Eleanor, of withcraft. He was summoned to Parliament for the last time,20 Jan 1446/7, for the meeting to be held 10 Feb at Bury St. Edmunds.When he arrived there he was not allowed to see the King, but wasconducted to St. Saviour's Hospital outside the town and arrested, andlived for only a short time after.

He m. 1stly, privately, bef. 7 Mar 1422/3, Jacqueline, Countess ofHolland, Zealand and Hainault, daughter and heir of William, Duke ofBavaria (d. 1417), by Margaret, daughter of Philip le Hardi, Duke ofBurgundy. She had been m. 1stly to John, Dauphin of France, who d. in1417; and 2ndly to John, Duke of Brabant, from whom she fled in 1421.Jacqueline's marriage with Humphrey, which had disastrous effects on therelations between England and her chief ally in the field, the Duke ofBurgundy, was made void 9 Jan 1427/8. He m. 2ndly, in 1428, Eleanor,daughter of Sir Reynold Cobham, by his 1st wife, Eleanor, daughter of SirThomas Colepepper. She, for whom robes of the Garter were provided in1432, and later, was tried, Oct 1441, for witchcraft and sorcery, andindicted for treason as aiming at the King's life. She was condemned andput to public penance in London, and sentenceed to perpetualimprisonment. She d. a prisoner in 1454, in Peel Castle, Isle of Man.Humphrey dsp. legit probably from natural causes, 23 Feb 1446/7, aged 56,though being found dead while under arrest, his end excited popularsuspicion. His body was taken to the Friars Minor at Babwell, and thenceby stages by way of Newmarket and Ware to St. Albans Abbey, of which hehad been a benefactor and confrater, and buried 4 Mar 1446/7 in a tombwhich he had prepared there. He d. intestate. At his death all hishonours became extinct. [Complete Peerage V:730-7]

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