Genealogie Wylie » Philip I "The Fair" King of (Philip I "The Fair" King of) France [8ggchCh-Wikibio] (< 1052-1108)

Persoonlijke gegevens Philip I "The Fair" King of (Philip I "The Fair" King of) France [8ggchCh-Wikibio] 

• Roepnaam Philip I "The Fair" King of.
• Hij is geboren voor 23 mei 1052 in Reims, Marne, Champagne, France.Bron 1
• Alternatief: Hij is geboren in het jaar 1053.Bronnen 2, 3, 4
• (Ruled ) in 1060-1108.
• Hij is overleden op 29 juli 1108 in Meulan, Yvelines, Île de France, France.Bronnen 1, 2, 3, 4
• Hij is begraven in Abbaye St-Benoit-sur-Loire, Loiret, Orleanais/Centre, France.
• Een kind van Henry I Capet King of France en Anna (Agnesa) Yaroslavna of Kiev
• Deze gegevens zijn voor het laatst bijgewerkt op 8 augustus 2023.

Gezin van Philip I "The Fair" King of (Philip I "The Fair" King of) France [8ggchCh-Wikibio]

(1) Hij is getrouwd met Bertha of Holland.

Zij zijn getrouwd in het jaar 1072.Bronnen 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Kind(eren):

1. Louis VI "The Fat" King of France  1081-1137 
2. Constance Princess of France  ± 1085-???? 
3. Henry Prince of France  ± 1083-± 1083
4. Charles Prince of France  1085-????
5. Eudes Prince of France  1087-1096

Gebeurtenis (Separation ) in het jaar 1092 in Montreuil-sur-Mer, Artois/Pas-de-Calais, France .Bronnen 5, 6

(2) Hij is getrouwd met Bertrade (Bertrada Beatrice) de Montfort.

Zij zijn getrouwd op 15 mei 1092 te Île de France, France.Bronnen 1, 7

Kind(eren):

1. Philip de France  1094-> 1123
2. Cecilia Princess de France  ± 1098-????
3. Custinthia Princess of France  ± 1100-????
4. Fleury Prince of France  ± 1094-± 1119

Notities over Philip I "The Fair" King of (Philip I "The Fair" King of) France [8ggchCh-Wikibio]

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Philip I

Philip I's seal
King of the Franks (more...)
Co-reign
Solo-reign23 May 1059 – 4 August 1060;
4 August 1060 – 29 July 1108
Coronation23 May 1059
PredecessorHenry I
SuccessorLouis VI
RegentAnne of Kiev and Baldwin V of Flanders (1060–1067)
Born23 May 1052
Champagne-et-Fontaine
Died29 July 1108 (aged 56)
Melun
BurialSaint-Benoît-sur-Loire
SpouseBertha of Holland
Bertrade de Montfort
Issue
more...Constance, Princess of Antioch
Louis VI of France
Cecile, Princess of Galilee
HouseCapet
FatherHenry I of France
MotherAnne of Kiev
Philip I (c. 1052 – 29 July 1108), called the Amorous (French: L’Amoureux),[1] was King of the Franks from 1060 to 1108. His reign, like that of most of the early Capetians, was extraordinarily long for the time. The monarchy began a modest recovery from the low it had reached during the reign of his father, and he added the Vexin region and the viscountcy of Bourges to his royal domaine.

Early life
Philip was born c. 1052 at Champagne-et-Fontaine, the son of Henry I and his wife Anne of Kiev.[2] Unusual for the time in Western Europe, his name was of Greek origin, being bestowed upon him by his mother. Although he was crowned king at the age of seven,[3] until age fourteen (1066) his mother acted as regent, the first queen of France ever to do so. Baldwin V of Flanders also acted as co-regent.[4]

Personal rule

Denier under Philip I
Following the death of Baldwin VI of Flanders, Robert the Frisian seized Flanders.[5] Baldwin's widow, Richilda, requested aid from Philip, who was defeated by Robert at the battle of Cassel in 1071.[4]

Philip first married Bertha of Holland in 1072.[6] Although the marriage produced the necessary heir, Philip fell in love with Bertrade de Montfort, the wife of Fulk IV, Count of Anjou. He repudiated Bertha (claiming she was too fat) and married Bertrade on 15 May 1092.[7] In 1094 following the synod of Autun, he was excommunicated by the papal representative, Hugh of Die, for the first time;[8] after a long silence, Pope Urban II repeated the excommunication at the Council of Clermont in November 1095.[9] Several times the ban was lifted as Philip promised to part with Bertrade, but he always returned to her; in 1104 Philip made a public penance and must have kept his involvement with Bertrade discreet.[10] In France, the king was opposed by Bishop Ivo of Chartres, a famous jurist.[11]

Philip appointed Alberic first Constable of France in 1060. A great part of his reign, like his father's, was spent putting down revolts by his power-hungry vassals. In 1077, he made peace with William the Conqueror, who gave up attempting the conquest of Brittany.[12] In 1082, Philip I expanded his demesne with the annexation of the Vexin,[4] in reprisal against Robert Curthose's attack on William's heir, William Rufus. Then in 1100, he took control of Bourges.[13] Philip expanded the royal demesne by incorporating the monasteries of Saint-Denis and Corbie.[14]

It was at the aforementioned Council of Clermont that the First Crusade was launched. Philip at first did not personally support it because of his conflict with Urban II. Philip's brother Hugh of Vermandois, however, was a major participant.

Death

13th-century effigy of King Philip I
Philip died in the castle of Melun and was buried per his request at the monastery of Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire[15] – and not in St Denis among his forefathers. He was succeeded by his son, Louis VI, whose succession was, however, not uncontested. According to Abbot Suger:[16]

… King Philip daily grew feebler. For after he had abducted the Countess of Anjou, he could achieve nothing worthy of the royal dignity; consumed by desire for the lady he had seized, he gave himself up entirely to the satisfaction of his passion. So he lost interest in the affairs of state and, relaxing too much, took no care for his body, well-made and handsome though it was. The only thing that maintained the strength of the state was the fear and love felt for his son and successor. When he was almost sixty, he ceased to be king, breathing his last breath at the castle of Melun-sur-Seine, in the presence of the [future king] Louis... They carried the body in a great procession to the noble monastery of St-Benoît-sur-Loire, where King Philip wished to be buried; there are those who say they heard from his own mouth that he deliberately chose not to be buried among his royal ancestors in the church of St. Denis because he had not treated that church as well as they had, and because among those of so many noble kings, his own tomb would not have counted for much.

Posthumous painting by Gillot Saint-Evre, 1837
Issue
Philip's children with Bertha were:

Constance (1078 – 14 September 1126), married Hugh I of Champagne before 1097[17] and then, after her divorce, to Bohemund I of Antioch in 1106.[18]
Louis VI of France (1 December 1081 – 1 August 1137).[18]
Henry (1083 – died young).
Philip's children with Bertrade were:

Philip, Count of Mantes (1093 – fl. 1123),[19] married Elizabeth, daughter of Guy III of Montlhéry[20]
Fleury, Seigneur of Nangis (1095 – July 1119)[21]
Cecile (1097 – 1145), married Tancred, Prince of Galilee[22] and then, after his death, to Pons of Tripoli.[23]
References
Norwich, John J. (2 October 2018). "A History of France".
Bradbury 2007, p. 111.
Strickland 2016, p. 342.
Hallam 1980, p. 50-51.
Nicholas 1999, p. 115.
Bradbury 2007, p. 114.
Bradbury 2007, p. 119; Gabriele 2020.
Bradbury 2007, p. 119.
Somerville 2011, p. 118.
d'Avray 2014, p. 47.
Rolker 2009, p. 16.
Petit-Dutaillis 1936, p. 81.
Shepherd 2003, p. 13.
Gabriele 2020, p. 500.
Brown 1990, p. 807.
Abbot Suger.
Paul 2012, p. 38.
Huscroft 2016, p. xi.
Power 2004, p. 85.
Bradbury 2007, p. 131.
McDougall 2017, p. 155.
McDougall 2017, p. 159.
Hodgson 2007, p. 217.
Sources
d'Avray, David, ed. (2014). "Philip I of France and Bertrade". Dissolving Royal Marriages: A Documentary History, 860–1600. Cambridge University Press.
Bradbury, Jim (2007). The Capetians: The History of a Dynasty. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Brown, Elizabeth A. R. (1990). "Authority, the Family, and the Dead in Late Medieval France". French Historical Studies. 16 (4 Autumn): 803–832. doi:10.2307/286323. JSTOR 286323.
Gabriele, Matthew (2020). "Not so strange bedfellows: new thoughts on King Philip I of Francia's marriage to Bertrada of Montfort". Journal of Medieval History. Taylor & Francis. 46 (5): 499–512. doi:10.1080/03044181.2020.1814393. ISSN 0304-4181.
Hallam, Elizabeth (1980). Capetian France: 987–1328. Longman Group Ltd.
Hodgson, Natasha R. (2007). Women, Crusading and the Holy Land in Historical Narrative. The Boydell Press.
Huscroft, Richard (2016). Tales from the Long Twelfth Century: The Rise and Fall of the Angevin Empire. Yale University Press.
McDougall, Sara (2017). Royal Bastards: The Birth of Illegitimacy, 800–1230. Oxford University Press.
Nicholas, Karen S. (1999). "Countess as Rulers in Flanders". In Evergates, Theodore (ed.). Aristocratic Women in Medieval France. University of Pennsylvania Press.
Paul, Nicholas L. (2012). To Follow in Their Footsteps: The Crusades and Family Memory in the High Middle Ages. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-801-45097-6. OL 25307863M.
Petit-Dutaillis, C. (1936). The Feudal Monarchy in France and England:From the 10th to the 13th Century. Translated by Hunt, E.D. Routledge. OL 27789341M.
Power, Daniel (2004). The Norman Frontier in the Twelfth and Early Thirteenth Centuries. Cambridge University Press.
Rolker, Christof (2009). Canon Law and the Letters of Ivo of Chartres. Cambridge University Press.
Shepherd, Jonathan (2003). "The 'muddy-road' of Odo Arpin from Bourges to La Charitie-sur-Loire". In Edbury, Peter; Phillips, Jonathan (eds.). The Experience of Crusading. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press.
Abbot Suger. "XIII: Of the death of King Philip". Life of King Louis the Fat. Translated by Dunbabin, Jean – via Internet History Sourcebooks Project (Fordham University).
Somerville, Robert (2011). Pope Urban II's Council of Piacenza. Oxford University Press.
Strickland, Matthew (2016). Henry the Young King, 1155–1183. Yale University Press.
External links
"Philip I. of France" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. XVIII (9th ed.). 1885. p. 743.
Philip I of France
House of Capet
Born: 23 May 1052 Died: 29 July 1108
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Henry I
King of the Franks
4 August 1060 – 29 July 1108Succeeded by
Louis VI
vte
Monarchs of France
==========================================================
Categories as live links at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_I_of_France :
11th-century kings of France
12th-century kings of France
House of Capet
People excommunicated by the Catholic Church
Medieval child monarchs
1052 births
1108 deaths
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=====================================prior posts===============================
None unless below

The application "The Fair" was about his apprearance, not his actions.

The following was excerpted from a post to SGM, 3 Jan 1999, by Leo van dePas:

Philippe I, King of France

At age twenty, Philippe I, King of France, married Bertha of Holland, the step-daughter of his first cousin. This marriage had been arranged to seal the reconciliation between the king and his first cousin, the Count of Flanders. However, it took Bertha about six years before she produced a daughter, Constance, which was not the hoped-for heir. Arnoul, a holy hermit of Saint-Medard in Soissons who was always consulted on family problems, prayed to heaven; however, it still took another three years before the heir, the future King Louis VI, was born. He was followed bythree more sons.

Twenty years after the marriage, Philippe imprisoned Bertha in comfort in the chateau at Montreuil-sur-Mer. He then wed the still-married Bertrade de Montfort l'Amauri, wife of the Count of Anjou, and they produced four children. It is lost in time whether she seduced him or he her, but most likely Philippe had an understanding with the Count of Anjou. In any case Bertrade was more than willing as she did not want to be "sent away like a whore," as her husband had done to her predecessors.

Philippe's remarriage caused a sensation but not disapproval. The only one who caused problems was Yves, bishop of Chartres, who had been appointed by Pope Urban II without consultations with Philippe and this had been resented by the latter.

The King had invited all bishops to his second wedding but Yves declined, referring to Philippe as committing bigamy. Although Philippe had married with the blessing of the Archbishop of Reims as well as the Papal legate, Yves wrote to the Pope who then forbade the bishops to crown Bertrade and told Philippe to cease all relations with her or else be excommunicated. Next, Bertha, his first wife, died and Philippe gathered two archbishops and eight bishops in Reims who all confirmed the royal second marriage. The Pope also put pressure on the womanising Count of Anjou who then obediently complained about the king's committing adultery with his wife. In 1096 Philippe pretended to have broken with Bertrade and consequently the excommunication was lifted.

However, when it became obvious in 1099 that Bertrade was still with him, the excommunication was renewed. It took until 1105 before peace was restored and from then on Philippe and Bertrade remained together till Philippe died in 1108.

At age twenty, Philippe I, King of France, married Bertha of Holland,the step-daughter of his first cousin. This marriage had been arranged toseal the reconciliation between the king and his first cousin, the Countof Flanders. However, it took Bertha about six years before she produceda daughter, Constance, which was not the hoped-for heir. Arnoul, a holyhermit of Saint-Medard in Soissons who was always consulted on familyproblems, prayed to heaven; however, it still took another three yearsbefore the heir, the future King Louis VI, was born. He was followed bythree more sons.

Twenty years after the marriage, Philippe imprisoned Bertha in comfortin the chateau at Montreuil-sur-Mer. He then wed the still-marriedBertrade de Montfort l'Amauri, wife of the Count of Anjou, and theyproduced four children. It is lost in time whether she seduced him or heher, but most likely Philippe had an understanding with the Count ofAnjou. In any case Bertrade was more than willing as she did not want tobe "sent away like a whore," as her husband had done to her predecessors.

Philippe's remarriage caused a sensation but not disapproval. The onlyone who caused problems was Yves, bishop of Chartres, who had beenappointed by Pope Urban II without consultations with Philippe and thishad been resented by the latter.

The King had invited all bishops to his second wedding but Yvesdeclined, referring to Philippe as committing bigamy. Although Philippehad married with the blessing of the Archbishop of Reims as well as thePapal legate, Yves wrote to the Pope who then forbade the bishops tocrown Bertrade and told Philippe to cease all relations with her or elsebe excommunicated. Next, Bertha, his first wife, died and Philippegathered two archbishops and eight bishops in Reims who all confirmed theroyal second marriage. The Pope also put pressure on the womanising Countof Anjou who then obediently complained about the king's committingadultery with his wife. In 1096 Philippe pretended to have broken withBertrade and consequently the excommunication was lifted.

However, when it became obvious in 1099 that Bertrade was still withhim, the excommunication was renewed. It took until 1105 before peace wasrestored and from then on Philippe and Bertrade remained together tillPhilippe died in 1108.

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