May 25 » Ming general Wu Sangui forms an alliance with the invading Manchus and opens the gates of the Great Wall of China at Shanhaiguan pass, letting the Manchus through towards the capital Beijing.
May 26 » Portuguese Restoration War: Portuguese and Spanish forces both claim victory in the Battle of Montijo.
July 2 » English Civil War: Battle of Marston Moor.
September 1 » Battle of Tippermuir: James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose defeats the Earl of Wemyss's Covenanters, reviving the Royalist cause.
November 8 » The Shunzhi Emperor, the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, is enthroned in Beijing after the collapse of the Ming dynasty as the first Qing emperor to rule over China.
November 23 » John Milton publishes Areopagitica, a pamphlet decrying censorship.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: J.M. Jans, "Family tree Jans", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom_jans/I363.php : accessed February 21, 2026), "Geele AIJSES".
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