The temperature on October 23, 1878 was about 10.9 °C. There was 0.7 mm of rain. The air pressure was 16 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 76%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 16 » Russo-Turkish War (1877–78): Battle of Philippopolis: Captain Aleksandr Burago with a squadron of Russian Imperial army dragoons liberates Plovdiv from Ottoman rule.
May 14 » The last witchcraft trial held in the United States begins in Salem, Massachusetts, after Lucretia Brown, an adherent of Christian Science, accused Daniel Spofford of attempting to harm her through his mental powers.
June 4 » Cyprus Convention: The Ottoman Empire cedes Cyprus to the United Kingdom but retains nominal title.
June 15 » Eadweard Muybridge takes a series of photographs to prove that all four feet of a horse leave the ground when it runs; the study becomes the basis of motion pictures.
September 3 » Over 640 die when the crowded pleasure boat Princess Alice collides with the Bywell Castle in the River Thames.
November 17 » First assassination attempt against Umberto I of Italy by anarchist Giovanni Passannante, who was armed with a dagger. The King survived with a slight wound in an arm. Prime Minister Benedetto Cairoli blocked the aggressor, receiving an injury in a leg.
Day of marriage August 4, 1914
The temperature on August 4, 1914 was between 12.6 °C and 20.4 °C and averaged 15.5 °C. There was 8.0 mm of rain. There was 7.7 hours of sunshine (50%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
August 5 » World War I: The German minelayer SSKönigin Luise lays a minefield about 40 miles (64km) off the Thames Estuary (Lowestoft). She is intercepted and sunk by the British light-cruiser HMSAmphion.
August 24 » World War I: German troops capture Namur.
September 1 » The last known passenger pigeon, a female named Martha, dies in captivity in the Cincinnati Zoo.
September 13 » World War I: The Battle of Aisne begins between Germany and France.
September 22 » A German submarine sinks three British cruisers over a seventy-minute period, killing almost 1500 sailors.
December 8 » World War I: A squadron of Britain's Royal Navy defeats the Imperial German East Asia Squadron in the Battle of the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic.
Day of death January 11, 1957
The temperature on January 11, 1957 was between 0.9 °C and 6.7 °C and averaged 3.7 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. There was 2.1 hours of sunshine (26%). The partly clouded was. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-northwest. Source: KNMI
January 22 » Israel withdraws from the Sinai Peninsula.
January 31 » Eight people (5 total crew from 2 aircraft and 3 on the ground) in Pacoima, California are killed following the mid-air collision between a Douglas DC-7 airliner and a Northrop F-89 Scorpion fighter jet.
March 8 » Egypt re-opens the Suez Canal after the Suez Crisis.
May 22 » South Africa's government approves of racial separation in universities.
October 22 » Vietnam War: First United States casualties in Vietnam.
December 2 » United Nations Security Council Resolution 126 relating to Kashmir conflict is adopted.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Cees van Riel, "Family tree Van Riel", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-van-riel/I1104.php : accessed February 15, 2026), "Petrus Martinus van Riel (1878-1957)".
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