The temperature on October 23, 1878 was about 10.9 °C. There was 0.7 mm of rain. The air pressure was 16 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 76%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 16 » Russo-Turkish War (1877–78): Battle of Philippopolis: Captain Aleksandr Burago with a squadron of Russian Imperial army dragoons liberates Plovdiv from Ottoman rule.
March 24 » The British frigate HMSEurydice sinks, killing more than 300.
June 10 » League of Prizren is established, to oppose the decisions of the Congress of Berlin and the Treaty of San Stefano, as a consequence of which the Albanian lands in the Balkans were being partitioned and given to the neighbor states of Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, and Greece.
September 1 » Emma Nutt becomes the world's first female telephone operator when she is recruited by Alexander Graham Bell to the Boston Telephone Dispatch Company.
November 17 » First assassination attempt against Umberto I of Italy by anarchist Giovanni Passannante, who was armed with a dagger. The King survived with a slight wound in an arm. Prime Minister Benedetto Cairoli blocked the aggressor, receiving an injury in a leg.
December 18 » The Al-Thani family become the rulers of the state of Qatar.
Day of marriage August 4, 1914
The temperature on August 4, 1914 was between 12.6 °C and 20.4 °C and averaged 15.5 °C. There was 8.0 mm of rain. There was 7.7 hours of sunshine (50%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
June 12 » Massacre of Phocaea: Turkish irregulars slaughter 50 to 100 Greeks and expel thousands of others in an ethnic cleansing operation in the Ottoman Empire.
August 15 » World War I: The First Russian Army, led by Paul von Rennenkampf, enters East Prussia.
August 28 » World War I: German troops take the city of Namur in Belgium.
September 1 » St. Petersburg, Russia, changes its name to Petrograd.
September 17 » Andrew Fisher becomes Prime Minister of Australia for the third time.
September 22 » A German submarine sinks three British cruisers over a seventy-minute period, killing almost 1500 sailors.
Day of death January 11, 1957
The temperature on January 11, 1957 was between 0.9 °C and 6.7 °C and averaged 3.7 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. There was 2.1 hours of sunshine (26%). The partly clouded was. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-northwest. Source: KNMI
January 5 » In a speech given to the United States Congress, United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces the establishment of what will later be called the Eisenhower Doctrine.
March 6 » Ghana becomes the first Sub-Saharan country to gain independence from the British.
August 1 » The United States and Canada form the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD).
August 5 » American Bandstand, a show dedicated to the teenage "baby-boomers" by playing the songs and showing popular dances of the time, debuts on the ABC television network.
October 1 » First appearance of In God we trust on U.S. paper currency.
November 1 » The Mackinac Bridge, the world's longest suspension bridge between anchorages at the time, opens to traffic connecting Michigan's upper and lower peninsulas.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Arie Verloop, "Family tree Verloop", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-verloop/I5616.php : accessed December 28, 2025), "Petrus Martinus van RIEL (1878-1957)".
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