The temperature on December 12, 1857 was about 3.7 °C. The airpressure was 78 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 100%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
May 6 » The East India Company disbands the 34th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry whose sepoy Mangal Pandey had earlier revolted against the British in the lead up to the War of Indian Independence.
June 1 » Charles Baudelaire's Les Fleurs du mal is published.
September 11 » The Mountain Meadows massacre: Mormon settlers and Paiutes massacre 120 pioneers at Mountain Meadows, Utah.
September 20 » The Indian Rebellion of 1857 ends with the recapture of Delhi by troops loyal to the East India Company.
October 5 » The city of Anaheim, California is founded.
December 31 » Queen Victoria chooses Ottawa, then a small logging town, as the capital of the Province of Canada.
Day of marriage July 29, 1887
The temperature on July 29, 1887 was about 26.7 °C. The air pressure was 14 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 49%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
February 2 » In Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania the first Groundhog Day is observed.
February 8 » The Dawes Act authorizes the President of the United States to survey Native American tribal land and divide it into individual allotments.
May 9 » Buffalo Bill Cody's Wild West Show opens in London.
June 23 » The Rocky Mountains Park Act becomes law in Canada creating the nation's first national park, Banff National Park.
July 26 » Publication of the Unua Libro, founding the Esperanto movement.
October 1 » Balochistan is conquered by the British Empire.
Day of death November 19, 1938
The temperature on November 19, 1938 was between 4.2 °C and 10.9 °C and averaged 7.5 °C. There was 5.9 mm of rain during 4.5 hours. There was 2.9 hours of sunshine (34%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
June 23 » The Civil Aeronautics Act is signed into law, forming the Civil Aeronautics Authority in the United States.
July 17 » Douglas Corrigan takes off from Brooklyn to fly the "wrong way" to Ireland and becomes known as "Wrong Way" Corrigan.
August 18 » The Thousand Islands Bridge, connecting New York, United States with Ontario, Canada over the Saint Lawrence River, is dedicated by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
September 21 » The Great Hurricane of 1938 makes landfall on Long Island in New York. The death toll is estimated at 500–700 people.
October 5 » In Nazi Germany, Jews' passports are invalidated.
December 16 » Adolf Hitler institutes the Cross of Honour of the German Mother.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Jos Smits, "Family tree Smits, van Leeuwenkamp", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-smits-van-leeuwenkamp/R14.php : accessed May 10, 2025), "Gerrit Leeuwenkamp (1857-1938)".
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