The temperature on October 13, 1838 was about 5.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-northwest. Weather type: half bewolkt regen bui. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 26 » Tennessee enacts the first prohibition law in the United States.
April 30 » Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation.
June 10 » Myall Creek massacre: Twenty-eight Aboriginal Australians are murdered.
July 15 » Ralph Waldo Emerson delivers the Divinity School Address at Harvard Divinity School, discounting Biblical miracles and declaring Jesus a great man, but not God. The Protestant community reacts with outrage.
August 18 » The Wilkes Expedition, which would explore the Puget Sound and Antarctica, weighs anchor at Hampton Roads.
September 1 » Saint Andrew's Scots School, the oldest school of British origin in South America, is established.
Day of marriage January 25, 1868
There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 22 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 98%. Source: KNMI
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 27 » Boshin War: The Battle of Toba–Fushimi begins, between forces of the Tokugawa shogunate and pro-Imperial factions; it will end in defeat for the shogunate, and is a pivotal point in the Meiji Restoration.
February 2 » Pro-Imperial forces captured Osaka Castle from the Tokugawa shogunate and burned it to the ground.
April 10 » At Arogee in Abyssinia, British and Indian forces defeat an army of Emperor Tewodros II. While 700 Ethiopians are killed and many more injured, only two British/Indian troops die.
September 23 » Grito de Lares ("Lares Revolt") occurs in Puerto Rico against Spanish rule.
December 10 » The first traffic lights are installed, outside the Palace of Westminster in London. Resembling railway signals, they use semaphore arms and are illuminated at night by red and green gas lamps.
December 24 » The Greek Presidential Guard is established as the royal escort by King George I.
Day of death April 14, 1902
The temperature on April 14, 1902 was between 5.0 °C and 14.3 °C and averaged 8.6 °C. There was 0.4 hours of sunshine (3%). Source: KNMI
January 30 » The first Anglo-Japanese Alliance is signed in London.
April 18 » The 7.5 Mw Guatemala earthquake shakes Guatemala with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), killing between 800–2,000.
May 31 » Second Boer War: The Treaty of Vereeniging ends the war and ensures British control of South Africa.
July 17 » Willis Carrier creates the first air conditioner in Buffalo, New York.
August 22 » Cadillac Motor Company is founded.
November 21 » The Philadelphia Football Athletics defeated the Kanaweola Athletic Club of Elmira, New York, 39–0, in the first ever professional American football night game.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Jan Kaper, "Family tree Kaper", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-kaper/I2002.php : accessed January 7, 2026), "Klaas van Donderen (1838-1902)".
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