The temperature on July 14, 1861 was about 22.4 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 57%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
January 29 » Kansas is admitted as the 34th U.S. state.
February 1 » American Civil War: Texas secedes from the United States.
March 4 » The first national flag of the Confederate States of America (the "Stars and Bars") is adopted.
April 6 » First performance of Arthur Sullivan's debut success, his suite of incidental music for The Tempest, leading to a career that included the famous Gilbert and Sullivan operas.
September 3 » American Civil War: Confederate General Leonidas Polk invades neutral Kentucky, prompting the state legislature to ask for Union assistance.
December 10 » Forces led by Nguyễn Trung Trực, an anti-colonial guerrilla leader in southern Vietnam, sink the French lorcha L'Esperance.
Day of marriage May 13, 1885
The temperature on May 13, 1885 was about 10.7 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 44%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
April 3 » Gottlieb Daimler is granted a German patent for his engine design.
May 2 » Cree and Assiniboine warriors win the Battle of Cut Knife, their largest victory over Canadian forces during the North-West Rebellion.
July 1 » The United States terminates reciprocity and fishery agreement with Canada.
September 22 » Lord Randolph Churchill makes a speech in Ulster in opposition to the Irish Home Rule movement.
October 13 » The Georgia Institute of Technology is founded in Atlanta, Georgia.
November 17 » Serbo-Bulgarian War: The decisive Battle of Slivnitsa begins.
Day of death May 9, 1916
The temperature on May 9, 1916 was between 6.0 °C and 12.9 °C and averaged 9.3 °C. There was 8.4 mm of rain. There was 5.1 hours of sunshine (33%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 9 » World War I: The Battle of Gallipoli concludes with an Ottoman Empire victory when the last Allied forces are evacuated from the peninsula.
February 25 » In the Battle of Verdun, a German unit captures Fort Douaumont, keystone of the French defences, without a fight.
June 5 » Louis Brandeis is sworn in as a Justice of the United States Supreme Court; he is the first American Jew to hold such a position.
June 5 » World War I: The Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire breaks out.
July 19 » World War I: Battle of Fromelles: British and Australian troops attack German trenches as part of the Battle of the Somme.
November 5 » The Kingdom of Poland is proclaimed by the Act of 5th November of the emperors of Germany and Austria-Hungary.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: J. Chr. Besteman, "Family tree Besteman", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-besteman/I7.php : accessed February 7, 2026), "JOHANNA CHRISTINA de RIDDER (1861-1916)".
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