The temperature on November 15, 1860 was about 8.8 °C. There was 3 mm of rain. The air pressure was 5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-northwest. The airpressure was 74 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 93%. Source: KNMI
From March 18, 1858 till February 23, 1860 the Netherlands had a cabinet Rochussen - Van Bosse with the prime ministers J.J. Rochussen (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal).
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
March 5 » Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referendums to join the Kingdom of Sardinia.
March 24 » Sakuradamon Incident: Assassination of Japanese Chief Minister (Tairō) Ii Naosuke.
May 5 » Giuseppe Garibaldi sets sail from Genoa, leading the expedition of the Thousand to conquer the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and giving birth to the Kingdom of Italy.
May 18 » Abraham Lincoln wins the Republican Party presidential nomination over William H. Seward, who later becomes the United States Secretary of State.
June 30 » The 1860 Oxford evolution debate at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History takes place.
December 29 » The launch of HMSWarrior, with her combination of screw propeller, iron hull and iron armour, renders all previous warships obsolete.
Day of marriage October 10, 1883
The temperature on October 10, 1883 was about 10.9 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-southeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 95%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
January 16 » The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States Civil Service, is enacted by Congress.
January 19 » The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires, built by Thomas Edison, begins service at Roselle, New Jersey.
May 20 » Krakatoa begins to erupt; the volcano explodes three months later, killing more than 36,000 people.
July 10 » War of the Pacific: Chileans led by Alejandro Gorostiaga defeat Andrés Avelino Cáceres's Peruvuan army at the Battle of Huamachuco, hastening the end of the war.
August 26 » The 1883 eruption of Krakatoa begins its final, paroxysmal, stage.
October 22 » The Metropolitan Opera House in New York City opens with a performance of Gounod's Faust.
Day of death November 12, 1940
The temperature on November 12, 1940 was between 7.5 °C and 11.7 °C and averaged 9.2 °C. There was 9.9 mm of rain during 5.3 hours. There was 1.5 hours of sunshine (17%). The average windspeed was 6 Bft (strong wind) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1939 to September 3, 1940 the cabinet De Geer II, with Jonkheer mr. D.J. de Geer (CHU) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from September 3, 1940 to July 27, 1941 the cabinet Gerbrandy I, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
January 7 » Winter War: Battle of Raate Road - The Finnish 9th Division finally defeat the numerically superior Soviet forces on the Raate-Suomussalmi road.
April 25 » Merkið, the flag of the Faroe Islands is approved by the British occupation government.
May 5 » World War II: Norwegian refugees form a government-in-exile in London.
May 7 » World War II: The Norway Debate in the British House of Commons begins, and leads to the replacement of Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain with Winston Churchill three days later.
May 9 » World War II: The German submarine U-9 sinks the French coastal submarine Doris near Den Helder.
August 3 » World War II: Italian forces begin the invasion of British Somaliland.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Charles Olson, "Olson's Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/olsons-tree/P26334.php : accessed January 10, 2026), "Martha Waldron Cowdin (1860-1940)".
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