Olson's Tree » Emilie Paret Todd Helm (1836-1930)

Day of marriage March 20, 1856

• The temperature on March 20, 1856 was about 8.5 °C. There was 1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m² and came mainly from the north-northwest. The atmospheric humidity was 92%. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• From April 19, 1853 till July 1, 1856 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
• In the year 1856: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.3 million citizens.
  • April 11 » Second Battle of Rivas: Juan Santamaría burns down the hostel where William Walker's filibusters are holed up.
  • May 22 » Congressman Preston Brooks of South Carolina severely beats Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts with a cane in the hall of the United States Senate for a speech Sumner had made regarding Southerners and slavery.
  • July 31 » Christchurch, New Zealand is chartered as a city.
  • September 2 » The Tianjing incident takes place in Nanjing, China.
  • October 8 » The Second Opium War between several western powers and China begins with the Arrow Incident.
  • December 9 » The Iranian city of Bushehr surrenders to occupying British forces.

Day of death February 20, 1930

• The temperature on February 20, 1930 was between -3.1 °C and 7.9 °C and averaged 1.3 °C. There was 4.1 hours of sunshine (40%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east-northeast. Source: KNMI
• Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1929 to May 26, 1933 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck III, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
• In the year 1930: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 7.8 million citizens.
  • May 1 » "Pluto" is officially proposed for the name of the newly-discovered dwarf planet Pluto by Vesto Slipher in the Lowell Observatory Observation Circular. The name quickly catches on.
  • May 24 » Amy Johnson lands in Darwin, Northern Territory, becoming the first woman to fly solo from England to Australia (she left on May 5 for the 11,000 mile flight).
  • May 27 » The 1,046 feet (319m) Chrysler Building in New York City, the tallest man-made structure at the time, opens to the public.
  • August 29 » The last 36 remaining inhabitants of St Kilda are voluntarily evacuated to other parts of Scotland.
  • October 3 » The German Socialist Labour Party in Poland – Left is founded.
  • November 3 » Getúlio Vargas becomes Head of the Provisional Government in Brazil after a bloodless coup on October 24.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1910 » Boutros Ghali, Egyptian educator and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Egypt (b. 1846)
• 1916 » Klas Pontus Arnoldson, Swedish journalist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1844)
• 1920 » Jacinta Marto, Portuguese saint (b. 1910)
• 1920 » Robert Peary, American admiral and explorer (b. 1856)
• 1933 » Takiji Kobayashi, Japanese writer (b. 1903)
• 1936 » Max Schreck, German actor (b. 1879)