Olga's tree » Maria Nikolaievna Grand Duchess of Russia (1819-1876)

Christening day January 30, 1820

• The temperature on January 30, 1820 was about 3.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southwest. Weather type: betrokken dampig regen. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In the year 1820: Source: Wikipedia
  • January 30 » Edward Bransfield sights the Trinity Peninsula and claims the discovery of Antarctica.
  • March 15 » Maine becomes the 23rd U.S. state.
  • April 12 » Alexander Ypsilantis is declared leader of Filiki Eteria, a secret organization to overthrow Ottoman rule over Greece.
  • May 1 » Execution of the Cato Street Conspirators, who plotted to kill the British Cabinet and Prime Minister Lord Liverpool.
  • October 9 » Guayaquil declares independence from Spain.
  • November 20 » An 80-ton sperm whale attacks and sinks the Essex (a whaling ship from Nantucket, Massachusetts) 2,000 miles from the western coast of South America. (Herman Melville's 1851 novel Moby-Dick is in part inspired by this story.)

Day of death February 9, 1876

• The temperature on February 9, 1876 was about -8.6 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m² and came mainly from the northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 91%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
• In the year 1876: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 4.0 million citizens.
  • March 7 » Alexander Graham Bell is granted a patent for an invention he calls the "telephone".
  • April 17 » Catalpa rescue: The rescue of six Fenian prisoners from Fremantle Prison in Western Australia.
  • April 20 » The April Uprising begins. Its suppression shocks European opinion, and Bulgarian independence becomes a condition for ending the Russo-Turkish War.
  • May 30 » Ottoman sultan Abdülaziz is deposed and succeeded by his nephew Murad V.
  • July 8 » The Hamburg massacre prior to the 1876 United States presidential election results in the deaths of six African-Americans of the Republican Party, along with one white assailant.
  • September 7 » In Northfield, Minnesota, Jesse James and the James–Younger Gang attempt to rob the town's bank but are driven off by armed citizens.

Day of burial February 26, 1876

• The temperature on February 26, 1876 was about 7.5 °C. There was 0.5 mm of rain. The air pressure was 10 kgf/m² and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
• In the year 1876: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 4.0 million citizens.
  • January 15 » The first newspaper in Afrikaans, Die Afrikaanse Patriot, is published in Paarl.
  • April 11 » The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks is organized.
  • April 17 » Catalpa rescue: The rescue of six Fenian prisoners from Fremantle Prison in Western Australia.
  • September 7 » In Northfield, Minnesota, Jesse James and the James–Younger Gang attempt to rob the town's bank but are driven off by armed citizens.
  • November 17 » Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's "Slavonic March" is given its premiere performance in Moscow, Russia.
  • November 23 » Corrupt Tammany Hall leader William Magear Tweed (better known as Boss Tweed) is delivered to authorities in New York City after being captured in Spain.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1857 » Dionysios Solomos, Greek poet and translator (b. 1798)
• 1874 » Jules Michelet, French historian, philosopher, and academic (b. 1798)
• 1881 » Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist, and philosopher (b. 1821)
• 1891 » Johan Jongkind, Dutch painter (b. 1819)
• 1903 » Charles Gavan Duffy, Irish-Australian politician, 8th Premier of Victoria (b. 1816)
• 1906 » Paul Laurence Dunbar, American author, poet, and playwright (b. 1872)