February 23 » Émile Zola is imprisoned in France after writing J'Accuse…!, a letter accusing the French government of antisemitism and wrongfully imprisoning Captain Alfred Dreyfus.
April 20 » U.S. President William McKinley signed a joint resolution to Congress for declaration of war against Spain, beginning the Spanish–American War.
May 1 » Spanish–American War: Battle of Manila Bay: The Asiatic Squadron of the United States Navy destroys the Pacific Squadron of the Spanish Navy after a seven-hour battle. Spain loses all seven of its ships, and 381 Spanish sailors die. There are no American vessel losses or combat deaths.
August 11 » Spanish–American War: American troops enter the city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
August 25 » Seven hundred Greek civilians, 17 British guards and the British Consul of Crete are killed by a Turkish mob in Heraklion, Greece.
December 10 » Spanish–American War: The Treaty of Paris is signed, officially ending the conflict.
Day of death July 23, 1913
The temperature on July 23, 1913 was between 10.6 °C and 17.2 °C and averaged 14.0 °C. There was 14.9 mm of rain. There was 4.3 hours of sunshine (27%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 5 » Greek military aviators, Michael Moutoussis and Aristeidis Moraitinis perform the first naval air mission in history, with a Farman MF.7 hydroplane.
March 26 » First Balkan War: Bulgarian forces capture Adrianople.
April 4 » First Balkan War: Greek aviator Emmanouil Argyropoulos becomes the first pilot to die in the Hellenic Air Force when his plane crashes.
April 24 » The Woolworth Building, a skyscraper in New York City, is opened.
June 25 » American Civil War veterans begin arriving at the Great Reunion of 1913.
December 23 » The Federal Reserve Act is signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson, creating the Federal Reserve System.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Pauline Berens BC, "Local Heritage Book Barger-Compascuum", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/ofb-barger-compascuum/I81331.php : accessed February 16, 2026), "Petronella Nieman (1870-1913)".
Copy warning
Genealogical publications are copyright protected. Although data is often retrieved from public archives, the searching, interpreting, collecting, selecting and sorting of the data results in a unique product. Copyright protected work may not simply be copied or republished.
Please stick to the following rules
Request permission to copy data or at least inform the author, chances are that the author gives permission, often the contact also leads to more exchange of data.
Do not use this data until you have checked it, preferably at the source (the archives).
State from whom you have copied the data and ideally also his/her original source.