The temperature on July 13, 1842 was about 21.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 13 » Dr. William Brydon, an assistant surgeon in the British East India Company Army during the First Anglo-Afghan War, becomes famous for being the sole survivor of an army of 4,500 men and 12,000 camp followers when he reaches the safety of a garrison in Jalalabad, Afghanistan.
March 30 » Ether anesthesia is used for the first time, in an operation by the American surgeon Dr. Crawford Long.
May 30 » John Francis attempts to murder Queen Victoria as she drives down Constitution Hill in London with Prince Albert.
August 29 » Treaty of Nanking signing ends the First Opium War.
November 26 » The University of Notre Dame is founded.
December 7 » First concert of the New York Philharmonic, founded by Ureli Corelli Hill.
Day of marriage July 13, 1868
The temperature on July 13, 1868 was about 27.9 °C. The air pressure was 10 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 41%. Source: KNMI
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
April 10 » At Arogee in Abyssinia, British and Indian forces defeat an army of Emperor Tewodros II. While 700 Ethiopians are killed and many more injured, only two British/Indian troops die.
May 14 » Boshin War: The Battle of Utsunomiya Castle ends as former Tokugawa shogunate forces withdraw northward.
May 29 » Mihailo Obrenović III, Prince of Serbia is assassinated.
July 28 » The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is certified, establishing African American citizenship and guaranteeing due process of law.
October 7 » Cornell University holds opening day ceremonies; initial student enrollment is 412, the highest at any American university to that date.
December 11 » Paraguayan War: Brazilian troops defeat Paraguayan at the Battle of Avay.
Day of death September 25, 1912
The temperature on September 25, 1912 was between 4.0 °C and 12.8 °C and averaged 7.9 °C. There was 0.6 hours of sunshine (5%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northeast. Source: KNMI
January 8 » The African National Congress is founded, under the name South African Native National Congress (SANNC).
March 5 » Italo-Turkish War: Italian forces are the first to use airships for military purposes, employing them for reconnaissance behind Turkish lines.
April 18 » The Cunard liner RMSCarpathia brings 705 survivors from the RMSTitanic to New York City.
July 8 » Henrique Mitchell de Paiva Couceiro leads an unsuccessful royalist attack against the First Portuguese Republic in Chaves.
August 6 » The Bull Moose Party meets at the Chicago Coliseum.
October 17 » Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia declare war on the Ottoman Empire, joining Montenegro in the First Balkan War.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Kees Koek, "Koek en enkele aanverwante families", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/genealogie-koek/I9010.php : accessed May 16, 2024), "Nicolaas Bessem (1842-1912)".
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