Hugues "Hugo" Capet roi des Francs (± 940-996) » maximum test

Persoonlijke gegevens Hugues "Hugo" Capet roi des Francs

Bron 1

Roepnaam is Hugo.
Hij is geboren rond 940 in ParisFrance.
Hij werd gedoopt in born Paris, Isle de France.
Alternatief: Hij werd gedoopt in Basilica Of St. Denis, France.
Alternatief: Hij werd gedoopt in Basilica Of St. Denis, France.
Alternatief: Hij werd gedoopt in Basilica Of St. Denis, France.
Alternatief: Hij werd gedoopt in Basilica of St. Denis, France.
Alternatief: Hij werd gedoopt in born Paris, Isle de France.
Alternatief: Hij werd gedoopt in born Paris, Isle de France.
Alternatief: Hij werd gedoopt in Basilica Of St. Denis, France.
Alternatief: Hij werd gedoopt op 8 januari 971 in Paris (Seine) France.
Alternatief: Hij werd gedoopt op 8 januari 971 in of,Paris,Seine,France.
Alternatief: Hij werd gedoopt op 8 januari 971 in Paris (Seine) France.
Alternatief: Hij werd gedoopt in het jaar 996 in Count of Paris.
Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916 in SLAKE-Salt Lake.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916 in SLAKE.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juli 1916.
Alternatief: Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 7 april 1992.
Beroepen:

King of France (987-996).
King of France (987-996).
Kung av Frankrike.
Kung av Frankrike.
Roi de france.
King of France (987-996).
op 3 juli 987 King of FranceNoyen
France.

Woonachtig:

in het jaar 950: was probably the first Frankish king who was not bilingual in Franconian&, Romanc.

(Misc Event) in het jaar 956.
(Misc Event) van 977 tot 986.
(Misc Event) in het jaar 987.
(Misc Event) in het jaar 987.
(Misc Event) op 3 juli 987Noyon
Picardy France.
(Misc Event) in het jaar 988.
(Misc Event) juni 991.
(Misc Event) in het jaar 993.
Hij is overleden op 24 oktober 996Prasville
Centre France.
Hij is begraven in Basilique de Saint-DenisSaint-Denis
Île-de-France France.
Een kind van Hugh "Magnus" of Paris en Hadewig

Gezin van Hugues "Hugo" Capet roi des Francs

Hij is getrouwd met Adelais de Poitou.

Zij zijn getrouwd in het jaar 968Orleans
Centre France.

Kind(eren):

Robert II Capet 972-1031
Hedwige (Avoie) de France ± 969-± 1013
Guerinfrey d'Aumale 964-1061
Gisela de France 970-????

Notities over Hugues "Hugo" Capet roi des Francs

GIVN Hugh Capet
SURN von Frankreich
NSFX King of France
AFN 9G85-M2
_PRIMARY Y
DATE 13 OCT 2000
TIME 17:59:30

(Research):Hugh Capet Encyclopædia Britannica Article born c. 938 died Oct. 14, 996, Paris, France French Hugues Capet king of France from 987 to 996, and the first of a direct line of 14 Capetian kings of that country. The Capetian dynasty derived its name from his nickname (Latin capa, "cape"). Hugh was the eldest son of Hugh the Great, duke of the Franks. On his father's death in 956, Hugh Capet inherited vast estates in the regions of Paris and Orléans, extending in some places south of the Loire River. He thus became one of the most powerful vassals in the kingdom and a serious danger to the Carolingian king, Lothair. Hugh married Adelaide, daughter of William III, Duke of Aquitaine, in 970, but his efforts to extend his influence into that southwestern kingdom were unsuccessful. From 978 to 986 Hugh was allied with the German emperors Otto II and Otto III and with Adalbero, archbishop of Reims, in political intrigues against the Carolingian king. By 985 Hugh was actually the ruler in all but title; and, after the brief reign of Lothair's son, Louis V (986-987), Hugh was elected king of France in May 987 by the assembly of Frankish magnates. Adalbero was able to convince the magnates that the crown was elective rather than hereditary and that Charles of Lorraine, the only legitimate Carolingian contender, was unfit to rule. Hugh was crowned at Noyon on July 5, 987. Scholars are generally agreed that Hugh's election was not a revolutionary action. His grandfather Robert I, his great-uncle Eudes, and his uncle Rudolf (Raoul) had all earlier been non-Carolingian kings. Hugh's reign was marked by the unavailing efforts of Charles of Lorraine (imprisoned 991) to assert himself and by continual conflict between Eudes I, count of Blois, and Fulk Nerra of Anjou, whom Hugh later supported. In 993 Eudes was aided by the bishop of Laon in an unsuccessful conspiracy to deliver Hugh and his son Robert over to Otto III. That no one was punished for the incident indicated the weakness of the new Capetian dynasty. Hugh's crown was probably preserved by the inability of his enemies to coordinate their activities against him. The Capetian dynasty's subsequent rule for more than 300 years has invested Hugh Capet's reign with a greater significance than his actual achievements merit. Very soon after ascending the throne, Hugh Capet arranged the coronation (December 987) of his own son, Robert, who upon Hugh's death succeeded to the throne without difficulty. This practice of crowning the heir during the father's lifetime was continued by the Capetians until the time of Louis VII and undoubtedly contributed to the dynasty's stability and longevity.

Weis, p. 57: King of France 987-996. First of the Capetian Kings of France.

[grosenbaum.ged]

Hugh Capet (938-996), king of France, and founder of the Capetian dynasty, son of Hugh the Great, count of Paris, whom he succeeded in 956. His lordship over many fiefs around Paris and Orleans made him the virtual ruler of France, and when Lous V of France, the last of the Carolingian line, died without an heir in 987, Hugh's numberous vassals enabled him to win the election to the throne, defeating the Carolingian candidate, Charles, duke of Lorraine. Charles and many other great nobles of the realm attempted to resist his authority but, through force of arms and by judicious purchasing of allegiance, as well as through the support of the church, of which he was a devout member, Hugh established a measure of order within his kingdom. He had his son, Robert the Pious (later Robert II), elected and crowned his associate and successor in 988, thereby confirming the house of Capet, which ruled France until 1328.[grosenbaum4.ged]

Hugh Capet (938-996), king of France, and founder of the Capetian dynasty, son of Hugh the Great, count of Paris, whom he succeeded in 956. His lordship over many fiefs around Paris and Orleans made him the virtual ruler of France, and when Lous V of France, the last of the Carolingian line, died without an heir in 987, Hugh's numberous vassals enabled him to win the election to the throne, defeating the Carolingian candidate, Charles, duke of Lorraine. Charles and many other great nobles of the realm attempted to resist his authority but, through force of arms and by judicious purchasing of allegiance, as well as through the support of the church, of which he was a devout member, Hugh established a measure of order within his kingdom. He had his son, Robert the Pious (later Robert II), elected and crowned his associate and successor in 988, thereby confirming the house of Capet, which ruled France until 1328.[grosenbaum.ged]

Hugh Capet (938-996), king of France, and founder of the Capetian dynasty, son of Hugh the Great, count of Paris, whom he succeeded in 956. His lordship over many fiefs around Paris and Orleans made him the virtual ruler of France, and when Lous V of France, the last of the Carolingian line, died without an heir in 987, Hugh's numberous vassals enabled him to win the election to the throne, defeating the Carolingian candidate, Charles, duke of Lorraine. Charles and many other great nobles of the realm attempted to resist his authority but, through force of arms and by judicious purchasing of allegiance, as well as through the support of the church, of which he was a devout member, Hugh established a measure of order within his kingdom. He had his son, Robert the Pious (later Robert II), elected and crowned his associate and successor in 988, thereby confirming the house of Capet, which ruled France until 1328.

Name Prefix: King Name Suffix: Of France ANCI: HIGH Elected KingFounder of the Capetian (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX)@

Name Prefix: King Of France
ID: I123280
Name: Hugh CAPET
NSFX: Kingof France
Title: King of France
Sex: M
Birth: Abt 939 in France
Death:24 OCT 996 in Les Juifs,near Chartres,France 1
Burial: St. Denis,France
Event: Fact 1` 1st of the Capetian Kings of France
Note:
1 DEAT
2 DATE 24 AUG 996
2 PLAC Paris, France
1 _FA2
2 DATE 987
1 2
Change Date: 29 OCT 2003 at 21:12:08

Father: Hugh the Great of Neustria CAPET b: Abt 895 in Paris,France
Mother: EDHILDA

Marriage 1 Adele (Adelaide) Of Poitou & AQUITAUNE b:952
Married: 969 1 2
Children
HEDEWIGE b: 972
Robert II the Pious King ofFrance CAPET b: 27 MAR 972 in Orleans,France

Sources:
Repository:

Title: v6t2295.FTW
Abbrev: v6t2295.FTW
Note:
Source Media Type: Other
Text: Date of Import: Jun 1, 2001
Title: GEDCOM File : josephgs.ged
Author: Joseph Grant Swallow
Abbrev: Joseph Grant Swallow
Abbrev: GEDCOM File : josephgs.ged
Note:
8751 S.W. Pamlico Court
Tualatin, OR 97062
Date: 20 OCT 2003

Hugues de Paris, Roi de France (M) b. circa 938, d. 24 August 996, #103103d. 24 Aug 996|p10311.htm#i103103|Hugues of Neustria, Comte de Paris|b. c 895d. 9 Jun 956|p10519.htm#i105190|Edhilda (?)|d. 26 Jan 947|p10520.htm#i105196|Robert I., Roi de France|b. b 879d. 923|p10519.htm#i105187||||Edward \\'the Elder\\', King of Wessex|b. c 871d. 17 Jul 924|p10244.htm#i102434|Elfleda (?)|d. 920|p10245.htm#i102444|');"Pedigree Last Edited=10 May 2003
Hugues de Paris, Roi de France was the son of Hugues of Neustria, Comte de Paris and Edhilda (?) . He was born circa 938.1 He married Adelaide de Poitou , daughter of William I de Poitou, Duc d'Acquitaine and Adele de Normandie , circa 969. He died on 24 August 996.1 He was also reported to have died on 24 October 996. He was buried at St. Denis, Ile de France, France. He gained the title of Roi Hugues de France in 987.
Child of Hugues de Paris, Roi de France and Adelaide de Poitou :
Robert II, Roi de France + b. 27 Mar 972, d. 20 Jul 1031
Citations
[S11 ] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 13. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Family.

[v37t1235.ftw]

Facts about this person:

Alt. Died996

[Norvell.FTW]

[Eno.ftw]

DEATH: October 14 996 at age 58 and is succeeded by his son, 26, who will reign until 1031 as Robert II.(People's Chronology)

BIOGRAPHY: 8th gen. desc of Charl emagne

BIOGRAPHY: Capet - A dynasty of French kings (987-1328), including Hugh Capet who was elected king in 987, thereby permanently removing the Carolingians from pwoer, and ruled until his death. The expansion of territory and centralization of power under the Capets began the movement toward a unified France. (The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Third Edition copyright 1992 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Electronic version licensed from InfoSoft International, Inc.

BIOGRAPHY: The Early Capetians, 987 to 1180. When Louis V died, the magnates turned to Hugh Capet, du ke
of France and descendant of Robert the Bold and of Odo. Hugh was elected king not because he was strong but precisely because he would not be strong enough to control the other magnates; in fact, he secured election only by giving much of his land to the electors. The French nobles may have had no intention of installing the Capetians as a dynasty, but Hugh moved quickly to have his son Robert crowned. When Robert became king (as Robert II) in
996, he named his son Hugh as his successor, but due to Hugh's death, another son, Henry, became king in 1031. The Capetians eventually passed the crown through a direct male line for more than three centuries, from 987 through 1328. The earliest Capetians remained subservient to the feudal princes, but the rebuilding of a royal administration, indicated by a new importance of royal provosts, was evident by the 1040s. Nevertheless, in the late 11th century, William the Conqueror, duke of Normandy, and Hugh the Great, abbot of the monastery of Cluny, although nominally vassals of the king, were far more powerful than the Capetian king Philip I (reigned
1060-1108). Philip's successor, Louis VI (reigned 1108-1137), consolidated royal power once and for all in the le-de-France, a region centering on Paris that covers about 160 km (about 100 mi) from north to south and 80 km (50 mi) from east to west. Here he systematically suppressed all feudal opposition to the royal government. He had his son, the future Louis VII, brought up at the abbey of Saint Denis, north of Paris, and in 1137 arranged
for him to marry Eleanor, heiress to the duchy of Aquitaine. Eleanor's possessions were far larger than the le-de-France, and by making her his wife, Louis VII won control of extensive territories between the Loire River and the Pyrenees. In 1147 Louis went on a Crusade to the Holy Land, taking Eleanor along with him. While they were in the East it was rumored that she had committed adultery. Since the marriage had never been agreeable to Eleanor, and had not produced a male heir, both spouses wanted the papal annulment of the marriage, granted in 1152. Two months later Eleanor married Henry, count of Anjou and duke of Normandy, who in 1154 became king of England
as Henry II. Thus, Aquitaine passed from the French crown to the English crown, and the lands controlled by enry in France (the Angevin Empire) vastly exceeded in size those of his feudal lord, Louis VII. Source: "France," Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 98 Encyclopedia. (c) 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Konge av Frankrike 987 - 996.
Ved farens død i 956 fikk Hugo hertugdømmet France, men kong Lothar måtte også la
ham beholde hertugdømmet Burgund og dertil overdra Aguitania til ham.
Lothar døde i 986 og da den karolingiske ætt døde ut i 987 med hans sønn, Ludvig V
?den Dovne?, valgte de franske storvasaller Hugo til konge i Noyon. Hans og hans nærmeste
ætlingers kongedømme eksisterte nærmest bare i navnet. De første kapetinger hersket nemlig
egentlig bare over sitt eget arveland som hovedsakelig besto av Ile-de-France, øya med Seine
og dens bielver, med Paris som hovedstad. Kongens ?lentagere? var i virkeligheten
selvstendige hertuger og grever, og den sterkeste av dem alle var hertugen av Normandie. Da
han i 1066 hadde gjort seg til Englands konge, var han faktisk langt mektigere enn sin
?lensherre?, kongen av Frankrike.
Det så ikke til at det skulle være håp om noensinne å få bygget opp et virkelig rike av
alle de småstatene, som kapetingerne i navnet regjerte over. Frankrike var, så langt man
kunne dømme om det, et rike i oppløsning. Ingen kunne dengang drømme om at den mannen,
som i 987 ble valgt til Frankrikes konge, skulle bli stamfar til et mektig dynasti, som skulle
regjere
landet i åtte hundre år og gjennom sine sidelinjer Valois og Bourbon i visse perioder også
beherske den pyrenéiske halvøy, Ungarn og Polen foruten store deler av Italia.
Politisk sett var Frankrike altså ved Hugos tronbestigelse en uensartet samling av
innbyrdes selvstendige småstater. Og fra et kulturelt synspunkt, var Paris enda på ingen måte
Frankrikes hjerte, slik det ble på 1100-tallet takket være sitt berømte universitet, som ble
besøkt av studenter fra alle land.
Kapetingerslekten var konger av Frankrike fra 987 til 1328. Slekten var også hertuger
av Burgund fra 1032 til 1361 og konger av Portugal fra 1139 til 1640. Hertugdømmet Burgund
(Bourgogne) lå i Frankrike, mens Portugal var et grevskap i kongeriket Leon før det ble skilt ut
som eget kongerike fra 1139.

Count of Paris 956-996, King of France 987-996, First of the Capetian Kings of France.

[Norvell.FTW]

[Eno.ftw]

DEATH: October 14 996 at age 58 and is succeeded by his son, 26, who will reign until 1031 as Robert II.(People's Chronology)

BIOGRAPHY: 8th gen. desc of Charl emagne

BIOGRAPHY: Capet - A dynasty of French kings (987-1328), including Hugh Capet who was elected king in 987, thereby permanently removing the Carolingians from pwoer, and ruled until his death. The expansion of territory and centralization of power under the Capets began the movement toward a unified France. (The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Third Edition copyright 1992 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Electronic version licensed from InfoSoft International, Inc.

BIOGRAPHY: The Early Capetians, 987 to 1180. When Louis V died, the magnates turned to Hugh Capet, du ke
of France and descendant of Robert the Bold and of Odo. Hugh was elected king not because he was strong but precisely because he would not be strong enough to control the other magnates; in fact, he secured election only by giving much of his land to the electors. The French nobles may have had no intention of installing the Capetians as a dynasty, but Hugh moved quickly to have his son Robert crowned. When Robert became king (as Robert II) in
996, he named his son Hugh as his successor, but due to Hugh's death, another son, Henry, became king in 1031. The Capetians eventually passed the crown through a direct male line for more than three centuries, from 987 through 1328. The earliest Capetians remained subservient to the feudal princes, but the rebuilding of a royal administration, indicated by a new importance of royal provosts, was evident by the 1040s. Nevertheless, in the late 11th century, William the Conqueror, duke of Normandy, and Hugh the Great, abbot of the monastery of Cluny, although nominally vassals of the king, were far more powerful than the Capetian king Philip I (reigned
1060-1108). Philip's successor, Louis VI (reigned 1108-1137), consolidated royal power once and for all in the le-de-France, a region centering on Paris that covers about 160 km (about 100 mi) from north to south and 80 km (50 mi) from east to west. Here he systematically suppressed all feudal opposition to the royal government. He had his son, the future Louis VII, brought up at the abbey of Saint Denis, north of Paris, and in 1137 arranged
for him to marry Eleanor, heiress to the duchy of Aquitaine. Eleanor's possessions were far larger than the le-de-France, and by making her his wife, Louis VII won control of extensive territories between the Loire River and the Pyrenees. In 1147 Louis went on a Crusade to the Holy Land, taking Eleanor along with him. While they were in the East it was rumored that she had committed adultery. Since the marriage had never been agreeable to Eleanor, and had not produced a male heir, both spouses wanted the papal annulment of the marriage, granted in 1152. Two months later Eleanor married Henry, count of Anjou and duke of Normandy, who in 1154 became king of England
as Henry II. Thus, Aquitaine passed from the French crown to the English crown, and the lands controlled by enry in France (the Angevin Empire) vastly exceeded in size those of his feudal lord, Louis VII. Source: "France," Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 98 Encyclopedia. (c) 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Hugh CAPET, French HUGUES CAPET (b. c. 938--d. Oct. 14, 996, Paris), first of a direct line of 14 Capetian kings of France; his control over vast estates in the regions of Paris and Orléans assured his election to the throne in 987 by the assembly of Frankish magnates.
Inheriting the title duke of the Franks from his father, Hugh the Great, in 956, Hugh Capet unsuccessfully tried to control Aquitaine in 970. From 978 to 986 he was allied with the German emperors Otto II and Otto III, and with Adalbero, archbishop of Reims, in political intrigues against the Carolingian king Lothair. By 985 Hugh was actually the ruler in all but title; and, after the brief reign of Lothair's son, Louis V (986-987), he was elected king in May 987. Adalbero was able toconvince the Frankish magnates that the crown was elective rather than hereditary and that Charles of Lorraine, the only legitimate Carolingian contender, was unfit to rule. Hugh was crowned at Noyon on July 5, 987. Scholars are generally agreed that Hugh's election was not a revolutionary action. His grandfather Robert I, his great-uncle Eudes, and his uncle Rudolf (Raoul) had all earlier been non-Carolingian kings.
Hugh's reign was marked by the unavailing efforts of Charles of Lorraine (imprisoned 991) to assert himself and by continual conflict between Eudes I, count of Blois, and Fulk Nerra of Anjou, whom Hugh later supported. In 993 Eudes was aided by the Bishop of Laon in an unsuccessful conspiracy to deliver Hugh and his son Robert over to Otto III. That no one was punished for the incident indicated the weakness of the new Capetian dynasty. Hugh's crown was probably preserved by the inability of his enemies to coordinate their activities against him. He assured the succession to his son, Robert II, by having him crowned on Christmas day, 987. [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD '97]
----------
For nearly nine centuries, the kings of France and many of the rulersof the most powerful fiefs in that country belonged to the family of Capet, and it mingled naturally with several of the other royal races of Europe. The original significance of the name remains in dispute, but the first of the family to whom it was applied was Hugh, who was elected King of the Franks in 987. The house of Capet continued to rule in France from 987 to 1328. The real founder of the house, however, was Robert the Strong, who received from Charles the Bald, King of the Franks, the courtships of Anjou and Blois, and who is sometimes calledDuke, and he exercised some military authority in the district between the Seine and the Loire. According to Aimoin of Saint Germain-de-Pres, and the chronicler, Richer, he was a Saxon, but historians question this statement. [Mrs (Oscar Herbert) Elizabeth M. Leach Rixford, Families Directly Descended from All the Royal Families in Europe and Mayflower Descendants, Burlington, Vermont, 1932; reprinted for Clearfield Company, Inc. by Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc. Baltimore, Maryland, 1992, 1993, p. 14]

Basic Life Information

The son of Hugh the Great, Duke of France, and Hedwige of Saxony, daughter of the German king Henry the Fowler, Hugh was born about 940. His paternal family, the Robertians, were powerful landowners in the Île-de-France. His grandfather had been King Robert I and his grandmother Beatrice was a Carolingian, a daughter of Herbert I of Vermandois. King Odo was his great uncle and King Rudolph Odo's son-in-law. Hugh was born into a well-connected and powerful family with many ties to the reigning nobility of Europe. But for all this, Hugh's father was never king. When Rudolph died in 936, Hugh the Great organized the return of Louis d'Outremer, son of Charles the Simple, from his exile at the court of Athelstan of England. Hugh's motives are unknown, but it is presumed that he acted to forestall Rudolph's brother and successor as Duke of Burgundy, Hugh the Black from taking the French throne, or to prevent it from falling into the grasping hands of Herbert II of Vermandois or William Longsword, duke of Normandy.

In 956, Hugh inherited his father's estates and became one of the most powerful nobles in the much-reduced West Frankish kingdom. However, as he was not yet an adult, his uncle Bruno, Archbishop of Keulen, acted as regent. Young Hugh's neighbours made the most of the opportunity. Theobald I of Blois, a former vassal of Hugh the Great, took the counties of Chartres and Châteaudun. Further south, on the border of the kingdom, Fulk II of Anjou, another former client of Hugh the Great, carved out a principality at Hugh's expense and that of the Bretons.

The realm in which Hugh died, and of which he would one day be king, bore no resemblance to modern France. Hugh's predecessors did not call themselves rois de France ("Kings of France"), and that title was not used until the time of his distant descendant Philip the Fair (died 1314). Kings ruled as rex Francorum ("King of the Franks") and the lands over which they ruled comprised only a very small part of the former Carolingian Empire. The eastern Frankish lands, the Holy Roman Empire, were ruled by the Ottonian dynasty, represented by Hugh's first cousin Otto II and then by Otto's son, Otto III. The lands south of the river Loire had largely ceased to be part of the West Frankish kingdom in the years after Charles the Simple was deposed in 922. The Duchy of Normandy and the Duchy of Burgundy were largely independent, and Brittany entirely so, although from 956 Burgundy was ruled by Hugh's brothers Odo and Henry.

Election and Extent of Power

From 978 to 986, Hugh Capet allied himself with the German emperors Otto II and Otto III and with Archbishop Adalberon of Reims to dominate the Carolingian king, Lothair. By 986, he was king in all but name. After Lothair and his son died in early 987, Adalberon and Gerbert of Aurillac convened an assembly of nobles to elect Hugh Capet as their king. In front of an electoral assembly at Senlis, Adalberon gave a stirring oration and pleaded to the nobles:

Crown the Duke. He is most illustrious by his exploits, his nobility, his forces. The throne is not acquired by hereditary right; no one should be raised to it unless distinguished not only for nobility of birth, but for the goodness of his soul.

He was elected and crowned rex Francorum at Noyon in Picardy on 3 July 987, by the prelate of Reims, the first of the Capetian house. Immediately after his coronation, Hugh began to push for the coronation of his son Robert. Hugh's own claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies harassing Borrel II of Barcelona, an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country necessitated two kings should he die while on expedition. Ralph Glaber, however, attributes Hugh's request to his old age and inability to control the nobility. Modern scholarship has largely imputed to Hugh the motive of establishing a dynasty against the pretension of electoral power on the part of the aristocracy, but this is not the typical view of contemporaries and even some modern scholars have been less sceptical of Hugh's "plan" to campaign in Spain. Robert was eventually crowned on 25 December that same year.

Hugh Capet possessed minor properties near Chartres and Angers. Between Paris and Orléans he possessed towns and estates amounting to approximately 400 square miles (1,000 km²). His authority ended there, and if he dared travel outside his small area, he risked being captured and held for ransom, though, as God's anointed, his life was largely safe. Indeed, there was a plot in 993, masterminded by Adalberon, Bishop of Laon and Odo I of Blois, to deliver Hugh Capet into the custody of Otto III. The plot failed, but the fact that no one was punished illustrates how tenuous his hold on power was. Beyond his power base, in the rest of France, there were still as many codes of law as there were fiefdoms. The "country" operated with 150 different forms of currency and at least a dozen languages. Uniting all this into one cohesive unit was a formidable task and a constant struggle between those who wore the crown of France and its feudal lords. As such, Hugh Capet's reign was marked by numerous power struggles with the vassals on the borders of the Seine and the Loire.

While Hugh Capet's military power was limited and he had to seek military aid from Richard I of Normandy, his unanimous election as king gave him great moral authority and influence. Adémar de Chabannes records, probably apocryphally, that during an argument with the Count of Auvergne, Hugh demanded of him: "Who made you count?" The count riposted: "Who made you king?"

Dispute with the Papacy

Hugh made Arnulf Archbishop of Reims in 988, even though Arnulf was the nephew of his bitter rival, Charles of Lorraine. Charles thereupon succeeded in capturing Reims and took the archbishop prisoner. Hugh, however, considered Arnulf a turncoat and demanded his deposition by Pope John XV. The turn of events outran the messages, when Hugh captured both Charles and Arnulf and convoked a synod at Reims in June 991, which obediently deposed Arnulf and chose as his successor Gerbert of Aurillac. These proceedings were repudiated by Rome, although a second synod had ratified the decrees issued at Reims. John XV summoned the French bishops to hold an independent synod outside the King's realm, at Aachen, to reconsider the case. When they refused, he called them to Rome, but they protested that the unsettled conditions en route and in Rome made that impossible. The Pope then sent a legate with instructions to call a council of French and German bishops at Mousson, where only the German bishops appeared, the French being stopped on the way by Hugh and Robert.

Through the exertions of the legate, the deposition of Arnulf was finally pronounced illegal. After Hugh's death, Arnulf was released from his imprisonment and soon restored to all his dignities.

Marriage and Children

Hugh Capet married Adelaide, daughter of William Towhead, Count of Poitou. Their children are as follows:
Robert, who became king after the death of his father
Hedwig, or Hathui, who married Reginar IV, Count of Hainaut
Gisela, or Gisele

A number of other daughters are less reliably attested.

Death

Hugh Capet died on October 24, 996 in Paris, and was interred in the Saint Denis Basilica. He was succeeded by his son, Robert II.

Legacy

Most historians regard the beginnings of modern France with the coronation of Hugh Capet. This is because, as Count of Paris, he made the city his power centre. The monarch began a long process of exerting control of the rest of the country from there.

He is regarded as the founder of the Capetian dynasty. The direct Capetians, or the House of Capet, ruled France from 987 to 1328; thereafter, the Kingdom was ruled by collateral branches of the dynasty. All French Kings down to Louis Philippe, and royal pretenders since then, have been members of the dynasty. As of 2007, the Capetian dynasty is still the head of state in the kingdom of Spain (in the person of the Bourbon Juan Carlos) and the duchy of Luxembourg, being the oldest continuously reigning dynasty in the world. Queen Elizabeth II is a direct descendent of Hugh Capet.

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Capet>

--French Hugues Capet king of France from 987 to 996, and the first of a direct line of 14 Capetian kings of that country. The Capetian dynasty derived its name from his nickname (Latin capa, "cape").
Hugh was the eldest son of Hugh the Great, duke of the Franks. On his father's death in 956, Hugh Capet inherited vast estates in the regions of Paris and Orléans, extending insome places south of the Loire River. He thus became one of the most powerful vassalsin the kingdom and a serious danger to the Carolingian king, Lothair. Hugh married Adelaide, daughter of William III, Duke of Aquitaine, in 970, but his efforts to extend his influence into that southwestern kingdom were unsuccessful. From 978 to 986 Hugh was allied with the German emperors Otto II and Otto III and with Adalbero, archbishop of Reims, in political intrigues against the Carolingian king. By 985 Hugh was actually the ruler in all but title; and, after the brief reign of Lothair's son, Louis V (986-987), Hugh was elected king of France in May 987 by the assembly of Frankish magnates. Adalbero was able to convince the magnates that the crown was elective rather than hereditary and that Charles of Lorraine, the only legitimate Carolingian contender, was unfit to rule. Hugh was crowned at Noyon on July 5, 987. Scholars are generally agreedthat Hugh's election was
not a revolutionary action. His grandfather Robert I, his great-uncle Eudes, and his uncle Rudolf (Raoul) had all earlier been non-Carolingian kings.
Hugh's reign was marked by the unavailing efforts of Charles of Lorraine (imprisoned 991) to assert himself and by continual conflict between Eudes I, count of Blois, and Fulk Nerra of Anjou, whom Hugh later supported. In 993 Eudes was aided by the bishopof Laon in an unsuccessful conspiracy to deliver Hugh and his son Robert over to Otto III. That no one was punished for the incident indicated the weakness of the new Capetian dynasty. Hugh's crown was probably
preserved by the inability of his enemies to coordinate their activities against him.
The Capetian dynasty's subsequent rule for more than 300 years has invested Hugh Capet's reign with a greater significance than his actual achievements merit. Very soon after ascending the throne, Hugh Capet arranged the coronation (December 987) of his own son, Robert, who upon Hugh's death succeeded to the throne without difficulty. This practice of crowning the heir during the father's lifetime was continued by the Capetians until the time of Louis VII and undoubtedly contributed to the dynasty's stability and longevity.

[elen.FTW]

[Brøderbund WFT Vol. 3, Ed. 1, Tree #4579, Date of Import: Jun 15, 2003]

Hugh Capet, Count of Paris 956-996, King of France 987-996, first of the Capetian Kings of France.

Capet, Hugh (939?-996), king of France 987-996; elected by nobles and
prelates to succeed Louis V, last of the Carolingians; founded Capetian
Dynasty

CAPETIAN DYNASTY. In 987 the descendants of Charlemagne were displaced
on the throne of France by Hugh Capet. The dynasty, or sequence of
rulers, that he founded encompassed 15 kings, the last of whom was
Charles IV, who died in 1328. These kings are known as Capetians "of
the direct line." They were followed by the 13 kings of the Valois
branch of the family. In 1589 the Capetians of the Bourbon line
succeeded them. Descendants of the Bourbon line are still living: King
Juan Carlos of Spain, who came to the throne in 1975, is a Bourbon (see
Bourbon, House of). Three Capetians were also emperors at
Constantinople between 1216 and 1261.
Hugh Capet ruled only a small domain around Paris, since the rest of
France was in the hands of powerful local lords. His successors
gradually increased the size of the kingdom, largely through
inheritance and conquest.
One of the most outstanding Capetians was Philip II Augustus, who
ruled from 1180 to 1223. He reclaimed for France much of the territory
in the west held by England. Louis IX, also a Capetian, one of the
greatest French kings, was canonized by the Roman Catholic church. (See
also Louis, Kings of France; Philip, Kings of France.)

---------------------------------------------------------
Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Compton's NewMedia, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Duke of the Franks title from father, Hugh the Great, 956. Hugh Capet was the
grandson of King Robert I, King of France 922-923. Scholars are generally in
accord that Hugh's election as king by the assembly of Frankish (French)
magnates was not a revolutionary action, but Hugh's crown was probably
preserved by the inability of his enemies to coordinate their activities
against him. He assured the succession of the crown to his son, Robert II by
having him crowned on Christmas day, 987.

Hugh Capet of France
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Hugh Capet (French: Hugues Capet) (938 – October 24, 996) was King of France from 987 to 996. Capet is a nickname for "wearing a cape".

Born in 938 in Paris, he came from a powerful and influential family of the Germanic aristocracy of France, two members of which had already been elected King of France in the ninth and tenth centuries. Hugh Capet was the eldest son of Hugh the Great, then the most powerful man in the kingdom, maker of kings, and of Hedwige of Saxony (c.910-c.965), daughter of King Henry I (the Fowler) of Duitsland and sister of German Emperor Otto I. Hugh Capet wanted to become a lay abbot, and in 980 arranged to move the relics of St. Valery to Amiens Cathedral. He inherited his father's vast estates and became the most powerful noble of his time. From 978 to 986, Hugh Capet allied himself with the German emperors Otto II and Otto III and with archbishop Adalbero of Reims to dominate the weak Carolingian king, Lothair. By 985, he was king in all but name. After Lothair and his son died in early 987, the archbishop of Reims convinced an assembly of nobles to elect Hugh Capet as their king. He was crowned King of France at Noyon, Picardie on July 3, 987, the first of the Capetian dynasty to rule France.

Hugh Capet possessed minor properties near Chartres and Anjou. Between Paris and Orléans he possessed towns and estates amounting to approximately 400 square miles (1,000 km²). His authority ended there, and if he dared travel outside his small area, he risked being captured and held for ransom or even murdered. Indeed, there was a plot in 993 masterminded by the Bishop of Laon and Eudes I of Blois to deliver Hugh Capet into the custody of Otto III. The plot failed, but the fact that no one was punished illustrates how tenuous his hold on power was. Beyond his power base, in the rest of France, there were still as many codes of law as there were fiefdoms. The country operated with 150 different forms of currency and at least a dozen languages. Uniting all this into one cohesive unit was a formidable task and a constant struggle between those who wore the crown of France and its feudal lords. As such, Hugh Capet's reign was marked by numerous power struggles with the vassals on the borders of the Seine and the Loire. Beyond his realm, the investiture and then deposition of Arnulf, nephew of the duke of Lorraine, as archbishop of Reims involved the king and bishops in conflict with Pope John XV that was not yet resolved at Hugh Capet's death in 996.

While Hugh Capet's military power was limited and he had to seek military aid from the Duke of Normandy, his unanimous election as king gave him great moral authority and influence.

Hugh Capet married Adelaide of Aquitaine (952-1004), daughter of Duke William III of Aquitaine. Their children were:

Avoise (970-1013)
Robert II (March 27, 972 – July 20, 1031)
Alice (974-1079)
Gilette (born c.976)
Gisele (born c.978)
Hugh Capet died on October 24, 996 in Paris, and was interred in the Saint Denis Basilica. He was succeeded by his son, Robert II.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hugh Capet King of France

Born: Abt 939, Paris, Isle de France

Married 968 to Adelaide, de Poitou Princess of Aquitane

Died: 24 Oct 996, Paris, Ile de France

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hugh Capet, King of France

Hugh Capet is buried at Abbaye De St Denis, Isle De France, France
----------------------------------------------------------
King of France, founder of the Capetian dynasty, b. about the middle of the tenth century; d. about 996, probably 24 October. He was the second son of Hugh the Great, Count of Paris, and Hedwig, sister of Otto I, German Emperor, and was about ten years old when he inherited from his father the Countship of Paris and the Duchy of France. About 970 he married Adelaide of Aquitaine, and as early as 985 the famous Gerbert wrote "The Carlovingian Lothair governs France only in name. The king of France is Hugh." When Louis V died, 21 May, 987, the assistance of Adalberon, Archbishop of Reims, and of Gerbert, brought about the election of Hugh. The electoral assembly of Senlis listened to a discourse of Adalberon: "Crown the Duke", he said. "He is most illustrious by his exploits, his nobility, his forces. The throne is not acquired by hereditary right; no one should be raised to it unless distinguished not only for nobility of birth, but for the goodness of his soul". A unanimous vote ratified this discourse, and Hugh Capet was crowned at Noyon, 3 July, 987. Thus his accession, as M. Luchaire says, was above all "an ecclesiastical achievement". Hugh possessed towns and estates in the vicinity of Paris, Orléans, and in the district of Senlis and Chartres, Touraine and Anjou, but on the whole these were restricted domains, as his vassals on the borders of the Seine and the Loire contested his authority. His military power was mediocre, and he had frequently to seek military aid in alliance with Normandy. But he possessed moral power and a political influence which reached the most remote parts of the kingdom and was felt even by foreigners. His chief concern was to maintain over the Archdiocese of Reims, whose jurisdiction comprised nearly the whole of northern and northeastern France, a continuous, immediate, and uncontested authority. The Archdiocese of Reims possessed a double importance, first because the archbishop had the right to elect and crown the kings of France, and next because of its geographical situation between France and Germany. The death of Adalberon, proved by M. Lot to have taken place 23 January, 989, disturbed the new king, and Arnoul, the new archbishop whom he accepted at the end of March, 989, as successor to Adalberon, attempted a restoration of the Carlovingians (Sept., 989), and Charles of Lorraine, their heir, was for a short time master of Reims and Laon. Arnoul refused to appear at the Council of Senlis (beginning of 990), but the imprisonment of Charles of Lorraine and of Arnoul (29 March, 991), and the deposition of Arnoul pronounced at the Council of St. Basle, fixed by M. Lot at 17 and 18 June, 991 (and not 993), assured the maintenance of the Capetian dynasty. Gerbert became Archbishop of Reims (21 June, 991).

This revolution accomplished by a council was received by the papacy with reserve. When Hugh Capet requested the Holy See to legitimize the action of the council, John XVI was silent; later, under the influence of Duitsland, the pope refused formally to recognize the election of Gerbert. Then began the difficulties which led the bishops devoted to Hugh to profess certain "Gallican principles". Nevertheless, Hugh must not be represented as wishing to found a State Church; what he wished was to maintain the Archdiocese of Reims under the domination of France, and to remove it from the influence of the German emperors. If his attitude towards the papacy was often suspicious, it was not due to a Gallican theology, but because he feared that the popes of the time were too subservient to the policy of the emperors; hence his relations with the Holy See were merely an episode in his general policy, destined to bring about the cessation of the powerful influence which the Saxon dynasty had exercised over France during the tenth century.

His domestic policy was very favourable to the development of monastic life and the autonomy of the monasteries. He defended their property against lay tyranny; he sought to remove them from episcopal jurisdiction while upholding the royal right to confirm abbatial elections; he supported all the liberties of the monks in the exercise of their electoral rights; he renounced the custom of distributing abbeys as benefices to laymen. Because of its political importance he wished to retain effective direction over the Abbey of St. Martin of Tours, and even under the reign of the Plantagenet Henry II the Capetians preserved considerable influence at Tours and along the Middle Loire. Apropos of Hugh Capet it is worthy of note that because the Dukes of France had in their possession the famous cope (cappa) of St. Martin, certain authors give to Hugh the Great and to his son Hugh the surname of Capet, which in history is reserved exclusively for the subject of this article. Hugh Capet in his religious policy applied and favoured the ideas of reform upheld by the monks of Cluny.

Source: http://www.deloriahurst.com/deloriahurst%20page/1656.html

Capet, Hugh (939?-996), king of France 987-996; elected by nobles and
prelates to succeed Louis V, last of the Carolingians; founded Capetian
Dynasty

CAPETIAN DYNASTY. In 987 the descendants of Charlemagne were displaced
on the throne of France by Hugh Capet. The dynasty, or sequence of
rulers, that he founded encompassed 15 kings, the last of whom was
Charles IV, who died in 1328. These kings are known as Capetians "of
the direct line." They were followed by the 13 kings of the Valois
branch of the family. In 1589 the Capetians of the Bourbon line
succeeded them. Descendants of the Bourbon line are still living: King
Juan Carlos of Spain, who came to the throne in 1975, is a Bourbon (see
Bourbon, House of). Three Capetians were also emperors at
Constantinople between 1216 and 1261.
Hugh Capet ruled only a small domain around Paris, since the rest of
France was in the hands of powerful local lords. His successors
gradually increased the size of the kingdom, largely through
inheritance and conquest.
One of the most outstanding Capetians was Philip II Augustus, who
ruled from 1180 to 1223. He reclaimed for France much of the territory
in the west held by England. Louis IX, also a Capetian, one of the
greatest French kings, was canonized by the Roman Catholic church. (See
also Louis, Kings of France; Philip, Kings of France.)

---------------------------------------------------------
Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Compton's NewMedia, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Duke of the Franks title from father, Hugh the Great, 956. Hugh Capet was the
grandson of King Robert I, King of France 922-923. Scholars are generally in
accord that Hugh's election as king by the assembly of Frankish (French)
magnates was not a revolutionary action, but Hugh's crown was probably
preserved by the inability of his enemies to coordinate their activities
against him. He assured the succession of the crown to his son, Robert II by
having him crowned on Christmas day, 987.

Capet, Hugh (939?-996), king of France 987-996; elected by nobles and
prelates to succeed Louis V, last of the Carolingians; founded Capetian
Dynasty

CAPETIAN DYNASTY. In 987 the descendants of Charlemagne were displaced
on the throne of France by Hugh Capet. The dynasty, or sequence of
rulers, that he founded encompassed 15 kings, the last of whom was
Charles IV, who died in 1328. These kings are known as Capetians "of
the direct line." They were followed by the 13 kings of the Valois
branch of the family. In 1589 the Capetians of the Bourbon line
succeeded them. Descendants of the Bourbon line are still living: King
Juan Carlos of Spain, who came to the throne in 1975, is a Bourbon (see
Bourbon, House of). Three Capetians were also emperors at
Constantinople between 1216 and 1261.
Hugh Capet ruled only a small domain around Paris, since the rest of
France was in the hands of powerful local lords. His successors
gradually increased the size of the kingdom, largely through
inheritance and conquest.
One of the most outstanding Capetians was Philip II Augustus, who
ruled from 1180 to 1223. He reclaimed for France much of the territory
in the west held by England. Louis IX, also a Capetian, one of the
greatest French kings, was canonized by the Roman Catholic church. (See
also Louis, Kings of France; Philip, Kings of France.)

---------------------------------------------------------
Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Compton's NewMedia, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Duke of the Franks title from father, Hugh the Great, 956. Hugh Capet was the
grandson of King Robert I, King of France 922-923. Scholars are generally in
accord that Hugh's election as king by the assembly of Frankish (French)
magnates was not a revolutionary action, but Hugh's crown was probably
preserved by the inability of his enemies to coordinate their activities
against him. He assured the succession of the crown to his son, Robert II by
having him crowned on Christmas day, 987.

Hugh was the first of the Capetian kings of France.

King of France, Count of Paris, Poitou, and Orleans.
Hereditary Abbot of St. Martin & St. Denis.

A biography of King Hugh Capet

Capet, Hugh (939?-996), king of France 987-996; elected by nobles and
prelates to succeed Louis V, last of the Carolingians; founded Capetian
Dynasty

CAPETIAN DYNASTY. In 987 the descendants of Charlemagne were displaced
on the throne of France by Hugh Capet. The dynasty, or sequence of
rulers, that he founded encompassed 15 kings, the last of whom was
Charles IV, who died in 1328. These kings are known as Capetians "of
the direct line." They were followed by the 13 kings of the Valois
branch of the family. In 1589 the Capetians of the Bourbon line
succeeded them. Descendants of the Bourbon line are still living: King
Juan Carlos of Spain, who came to the throne in 1975, is a Bourbon (see
Bourbon, House of). Three Capetians were also emperors at
Constantinople between 1216 and 1261.
Hugh Capet ruled only a small domain around Paris, since the rest of
France was in the hands of powerful local lords. His successors
gradually increased the size of the kingdom, largely through
inheritance and conquest.
One of the most outstanding Capetians was Philip II Augustus, who
ruled from 1180 to 1223. He reclaimed for France much of the territory
in the west held by England. Louis IX, also a Capetian, one of the
greatest French kings, was canonized by the Roman Catholic church. (See
also Louis, Kings of France; Philip, Kings of France.)

---------------------------------------------------------
Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Compton's NewMedia, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Duke of the Franks title from father, Hugh the Great, 956. Hugh Capet was the
grandson of King Robert I, King of France 922-923. Scholars are generally in
accord that Hugh's election as king by the assembly of Frankish (French)
magnates was not a revolutionary action, but Hugh's crown was probably
preserved by the inability of his enemies to coordinate their activities
against him. He assured the succession of the crown to his son, Robert II by
having him crowned on Christmas day, 987.

!DESCENT: Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr., Ancestral Roots
of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700, 7th ed., at 115
(1992). Line 101-20, 53-20, 106-20, 141-20.

[Weis 57] first of the Capetian Kings of France

I do not have verification on all information that you have downloaded. Please feel free to contact me @ (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX) for errors/corrections/ or any additional information, especially if you are willing to share information

(Research): HUGUES ([940]-Les Juifs, near Prasville, Eure-et-Loire 24 Oct 996, bur église de l'Abbaye royale de Saint-Denis). Duc des Francs 960. He was elected HUGUES King of France by an assembly of nobles at Senlis 29 May 987.

I do not have verification on all information that you have downloaded. Please feel free to contact me @ (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX) for errors/corrections/ or any additional information, especially if you are willing to share information

(Research): HUGUES ([940]-Les Juifs, near Prasville, Eure-et-Loire 24 Oct 996, bur église de l'Abbaye royale de Saint-Denis). Duc des Francs 960. He was elected HUGUES King of France by an assembly of nobles at Senlis 29 May 987.

The following is from the Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia Online. Grolier Interactive Inc. <http://gi.grolier.com/encyclopedia/005784.html>. January 2, 1998:

Hugh Capet, b. c.938, d. Oct. 24, 996, king of France from 987, founded the Capetian dynasty. The son of Hugh the Great (d. 956), count of Paris, he intrigued against the Carolingian king Lothair (r. 954-86) and on the death (987) of Lothair's son, Louis V, was elected king by the magnates. He then had to contend with Charles, duke of Lower Lorraine, the legitimate Carolingian claimant who had been passed over. Charles was finally imprisoned in 991. To ensure the succession, Hugh made his son Robert II (d. 1031) joint sovereign.

Hugh Capet (French: Hugues Capet) (938 – October 24, 996) was King of France from 987 to 996. Capet is a nickname for "wearing a cape".
Born in 938 in Paris, he came from a powerful and influential family of the Germanic aristocracy of France, two members of which had already been elected King of the relics of St. Valery to Amiens Cathedral. He was born to Hugh the Great and Hedwige of Saxony,
His paternal grandparents were Robert I of France and Beatrix of Vermandois, daughter of Herbert I of Vermandois. His maternal grandparents were Henry the Fowler and Matilda of Ringelheim.
In 956, Hugh inherited his father's vast estates and became the most powerful noble of his time.
From 978 to 986, Hugh Capet allied himself with the German emperors Otto II and Otto III and with archbishop Adalberon of Reims to dominate the weak Carolingian king, Lothair. By 985, he was king in all but name. After Lothair and his son died in early 987, the archbishop of Reims convinced an assembly of nobles to elect Hugh Capet as their king. He was crowned King of France at Noyon, Picardie on July 3, 987, the first of the Capetian dynasty to rule France.

Hugh Capet of France
Hugh Capet possessed minor properties near Chartres and Anjou. Between Paris and Orléans he possessed towns and estates amounting to approximately 400 square miles (1,000 km?). His authority ended there, and if he dared travel outside his small area, he risked being captured and held for ransom or even murdered. Indeed, there was a plot in 993 masterminded by the Bishop of Laon and Odo I of Blois to deliver Hugh Capet into the custody of Otto III. The plot failed, but the fact that no one was punished illustrates how tenuous his hold on power was. Beyond his power base, in the rest of France, there were still as many codes of law as there were fiefdoms. The country operated with 150 different forms of currency and at least a dozen languages. Uniting all this into one cohesive unit was a formidable task and a constant struggle between those who wore the crown of France and its feudal lords. As such, Hugh Capet's reign was marked by numerous power struggles with the vassals on the borders of the Seine and the Loire. Beyond his realm, the investiture and then deposition of Arnulf, nephew of the duke of Lorraine, as archbishop of Reims involved the king and bishops in conflict with Pope John XV that was not yet resolved at Hugh Capet's death in 996.
While Hugh Capet's military power was limited and he had to seek military aid from Richard I of Normandy, his unanimous election as king gave him great moral authority and influence.
Hugh Capet married Adelaide of Aquitaine (952–1004), daughter of Duke William III of Aquitaine. Their children were:
1. Avoise (970–1013)
2. Robert II (March 27, 972 – July 20, 1031)
3. Alice (974–1079)
4. Gilette (born c.976)
5. Gisele (born c.978), married Hugh I of Ponthieu.
Hugh Capet died on October 24, 996 in Paris, and was interred in the Saint Denis Basilica. He was succeeded by his son, Robert II.

aka
Hugues de Paris, Roi de France (M)
b. circa 938, d. 24 October 996, #103103
Pedigree
Last Edited=19 Jun 2005

Hugues de Paris, Roi de France was born circa 938.1 He was the son of Hugues of Neustria, Comte de Paris and Hedwig von Sachsen. He married Adelaide de Poitou, daughter of Guillaume III, Duc d'Aquitaine and Adele de Normandie, circa 969.2 He died on 24 October 996.2 He was buried in Saint-Denis, Ile de France, France.
Hugues de Paris, Roi de France was a member of the House of Capet.2 He gained the title of Roi Hugues de France in 987.

Child of Hugues de Paris, Roi de France and Adelaide de Poitou
Robert II, Roi de France+ b. 27 Mar 972, d. 20 Jul 10312
Citations
1. [S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 13. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Family.
2. [S45] Marcellus Donald R. von Redlich, Pedigrees of Some of the Emperor Charlemagne's Descendants, volume I (1941; reprint, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A.: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2002), page 63. Hereinafter cited as Pedigrees of Emperor

The following is from the Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia Online. Grolier Interactive Inc. <http://gi.grolier.com/encyclopedia/005784.html>. January 2, 1998:

Hugh Capet, b. c.938, d. Oct. 24, 996, king of France from 987, founded the Capetian dynasty. The son of Hugh the Great (d. 956), count of Paris, he intrigued against the Carolingian king Lothair (r. 954-86) and on the death (987) of Lothair's son, Louis V, was elected king by the magnates. He then had to contend with Charles, duke of Lower Lorraine, the legitimate Carolingian claimant who had been passed over. Charles was finally imprisoned in 991. To ensure the succession, Hugh made his son Robert II (d. 1031) joint sovereign.

Capet, family name of the dynasty of kings that ruled France from 987 to 1328. In 987, on the death of Louis V, the last of the Carolingian kings of France, Hugh Capet, duke of France and count of Paris, was elected king by the nobility and the clergy. The feudal domain of the Capet family was le de France, the area around Paris. The Capetian kings greatly strengthened the royal power in France by insisting on the principles of heredity, primogeniture, and indivisibility of crown lands. Shortly after Hugh became king, he had his son Robert crowned as Robert II (known as the Pious). Hugh appointed Robert his associate, and this practice of the father having his eldest son rule with him was followed until the late 12th century. The greatest of the Capetian kings were Philip II Augustus, Louis IX (St. Louis), and Philip IV. The dynasty secured direct overlordship of almost all France by the process of incorporating additional fiefs, large and small, with their own territories. In 1328, when Charles IV died without male heirs, the Capetians were succeeded by the Valois, a younger branch of the family, which ruled France until 1589."Capet," Microsoft (R) Encarta. Copyright (c) 1994 Microsoft Corporation. Copyright (c) 1994 Funk & Wagnall's Corporation.

Ancestral Roots of Certain american Colonists, 7th Ed, Weis (line 53)

[1070] WSHNGT.ASC file (Geo Washington Ahnentafel) # 17441712 = 17450316 = 1835404, b.
abt 939

from DUDLE.GED file

BIRTH: COMYN4.TAF (Compuserve Roots) - p. 4 says ABT 940; PORTU2.TAF (Compuserve) says 940; COMYNI.GED (Compuserve) says ABT 940

DEATH: COMYN4.TAF (Compuserve Roots); PORTU2.TAF (Compuserve); COMYNI.GED (Compuserve); COMYN4.TAF (Compuserve Roots) PAGE 4

MARRIAGE: COMYNI.GED (Compuserve)

King of France (987-996), first of the Capetians. He inherited (956) a vast domain in France from his father, Hugh the Great, and in 987 was elected king. He spent much of his reign fighting with Charles I of Lower Lorraine, the ignored Carolingian claimant. - Encyclopedia, p. 392; Hugh (Robertin) Capet - COMYNI.GED (Compuserve)

Kinship II - A collection of family, friends and U.S. Presidents
URL: http://worldconnect.genealogy.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:2902060&id=I575150005
ID: I575150005
Name: Hugues "Capet" Of FRANCE
Given Name: Hugues "Capet" Of
Surname: FRANCE
Sex: M
Birth: Abt 0939 in Of, Paris, Isle De France
Death: 24 Oct 0996 in Of, Paris, Isle De France
Burial: Abbaye De St Denis, Isle De France, France
Change Date: 10 Dec 2003 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Note:
Name Prefix: King
Ancestral File Number: 9G85-M2

Father: Hugues Magnus, Duke Of FRANCE b: Abt 0898 in Of, Paris, Isle De France
Mother: Hedwige (Hartwige) Princess Of The GERMANS b: Abt 0922 in Of, , Saxony, Duitsland

Marriage 1 Adbelahide Of AQUITAINE b: Abt 0952 in Of, , , Duitsland
Married: 0968
Note: _UID8EAD0835E4DF3D408492257134F1EF79F136
Children
Robert II "The Pious" FRANCE b: 27 Mar 0972 in , Orlbeans, , France
Adwige (Avoise), Princess Of FRANCE b: Abt 0969 in , , , France
Alice Princess Of FRANCE b: Abt 0973 in , , , France
Gisaele Princess Of FRANCE b: Abt 0970 in Of Bourgogne, Champagne, France

Sources:
Author: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Title: Ancestral File (R)
Publication: Copyright (c) 1987, June 1998, data as of 5 January 1998
Repository:

====================================

Kinship II - A collection of family, friends and U.S. Presidents
URL: http://worldconnect.genealogy.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:2902060&id=I575181668
ID: I575181668
Name: *Hugh , King of France CAPET
Given Name: *Hugh , King of France
Surname: Capet
Sex: M
Birth: 0938
Death: Aug 0996 in Les Juifs,Chartres,France
Change Date: 18 Nov 2002 1 2
Note: Burried at: Basilica of St. Denis, France

Father: Duke of France *HUGH b: Abt 0895
Mother: *Avoie or HEDWIG

Marriage 1 *Adelaide DE POITOU b: 0950
Note: _UIDFABDA497EE92BC4A909C069631F381957AC0
Children
*Robert , II, King of France CAPET b: 27 Mar 0972 in France

Sources:
Title: GEDCOM File : a39278.ged
Note:
1 _TYPE Electronic File
Date: 12 Dec 1999
Title: GEDCOM File : SM.ged
Note:
1 _TYPE Electronic File
Date: 18 Nov 2002

In 987, it was thought necessary to replace it. (Louis V had just died without a son or a brother, and his uncle annoyed people.) So the nobles elected a successor, Hugh Capet. He was not a hereditary King. Nor was his son, who became Robert II, also by election. But Hugh maneuvered the great nobles into electing his son the heir while he was still alive and able to influence them. Robert followed suit, securing the election of his eldest surviving son, Henry I. After a while, election became a formality and the King's eldest son was always chosen. Once he was anointed, no one could depose him (not even the church). By the time Louis X died, in 1316, leaving only a pregnant wife, France was so obsessed with hereditary monarchy that his unborn son was proclaimed king, was born already John I, and is acknowledged to have been King though he died five days later.
Fawtier, Robert. The Capetian Kings of France: Monarchy & Nation (987-1328). London: Macmillan, 1960 [translated from the French edition of 1941]. The fourteen Capetian kings produced the founders of or heirs to most of the duchies and counties of France, so this well-written but nontechnical work in fact covers a lot of territory. Royal and noble marriages being political events, a fair amount of meaty genealogy appears throughout (and with the advantage of context). A good introduction for anyone considering the serious study of medieval France.

CompuServe Roots Library: The Royal Sovereigns of the Kingdom of France

Grolier's Academic American Encyclopedia (1993):
Fawtier, Robert, Capetian Kings of France, trans. by Lionel Butler and R.J.
Adam (1960):
Hugh Capet, b. c. 938, d. Oct. 24, 996, king of France from 987, founded the
Capetian dynasty. The son of Hugh the Great (d. 956), count of Paris, he
intrigued against the Carolignian king Lothair (r. 954-86) and on the death
(987) of Lothair's son, Louis V, was elected king by the magnates. He then had
to contend with Charles, duke of lower Lorraine, the legitimate Carolingian
claimant who had been passed over. Charles was finally imprisoned in 991. To
ensure the succession, Hugh made his son Robert II (d. 1031) joint sovereign.

The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants; page 444

Le 3 juillet 987, dans la vieille cathédrale de Noyon, Hugues Capet devient roi de France sous le nom d'Hugues 1er.

Il est sacré par l'évêque de Reims, Adalbéron, selon un rituel germanique inauguré par Pépin le Bref.

Deux jours plus tôt, à Senlis (ou peut-être à Noyon ou Soissons), les principaux seigneurs du royaume ont offert la couronne au comte de Paris, au détriment de l'ultime héritier de Charlemagne et des rois carolingiens.

Le royaume sur lequel va régner Hugues Capet s'étend sur la partie ouest des régions occupées par les Francs, de la Manche à la Meuse, et correspond en gros au bassin parisien.

Cette région fortement romanisée s'appelait Neustrie sous Clovis et ses successeurs mérovingiens. Elle est appelée Francie occidentale au temps de Charlemagne et des carolingiens. Les Capétiens vont en faire le noyau de la France actuelle.

L'avènement d'Hugues Capet, c'est la vraie naissance de la France, au moment où naît l'Europe que nous connaissons.

En 1119, dans une lettre au pape Calixte II, un lointain descendant de Hugues Capet, le roi Louis VI, se proclame «roi de la France, non plus des Francs, et fils particulier de l'Église romaine». C'est le premier texte où il est fait référence au mot France.

Emergence de la France

Au cours du Xe siècle, deux aïeux d'Hugues Capet, dont le duc Eudes, avaient déjà été élus roi de Francie occidentale mais ils n'avaient pu conserver la couronne dans leur famille.

Au moment de son sacre, Hugues 1er est un homme mûr de 47 ans. C'est un seigneur puissant et respecté qui possède en propre de vastes domaines autour de Paris et Orléans qui en font l'un des principaux seigneurs de Francie occidentale. Il s'agit de seigneuries laïques et d'abbayes.

Le surnom de Capet que porte le roi fait précisément allusion à ses nombreuses chapes d'abbés, dont celle, prestigieuse entre toutes, de Saint-Martin-de-Tours.

Malgré le sacre de Reims, Hugues doit défendre sa légitimité les armes à la main. Selon le chroniqueur Adhémar de CHABANNES, l'un de ses vassaux, Adalbert de Périgord, refusant de lever le siège de Tours, Hugues lui demande:

- Qui t'a fait comte?

Et l'autre de répliquer:

- Qui t'a fait roi?

Jusqu'en 991, Hugues doit aussi combattre le parti CAROLINGIEN, qui garde de solides partisans, dont Charles de Lorraine.

Le fidèle Adalbéron étant mort en janvier 989, Hugues Capet tente de se concilier Charles de Lorraine en nommant son neveu Arnou à la tête de l'archevêché de Reims. Mais Arnoul trahit son bienfaiteur et fait entrer à Reims les troupes carolingiennes. Avec le concours du savant Gerbert, Hugues réunit un concile près de Reims. Il obtient la déposition de l'archevêque Arnoul et fait nommer Gerbert à sa place.

A la faveur d'une trahison, le roi arrive enfin à capturer Charles de Lorraine à Laon. Il se retourne ensuite contre le comte de Blois Eudes 1er avec le concours de son voisin, le comte d'Anjou.

L'époque du roi Hugues Capet, à l'approche de l'An 1000, voit l'apparition des châteaux forts en pierre. Jusque-là, les seigneurs se contentaient de fortifications en bois entourées de palissades, juchées sur une colline ou, à défaut, sur une «motte» (une colline artificielle).

Le premier château en pierre est dû au comte d'Anjou lui-même, le fameux Foulques Nerra. Il a été érigé à Langeais, au bord de la Loire.

Le pré carré

Arrondissant le domaine royal, ou «pré carré», à la manière modeste et tenace des paysans d'autrefois, Hugues 1er et ses descendants accroissent peu à peu leur richesse, consolident leur autorité et font émerger une nation nouvelle du désordre CAROLINGIEN.

Les premières générations de Capétiens respectent la règle féodale de l'élection. Mais Hugues et ses successeurs ont soin de faire élire de leur vivant leur fils aîné pour leur succéder et de le faire sacrer roi à Reims.

Les Grands du royaume se prêtent de bon gré à la man uvre. Le fils aîné du roi régnant a l'avantage d'avoir été préparé à la succession par son père et son élection coupe court à toute querelle entre d'éventuels prétendants.

Les féodaux s'habituent peu à peu à une succession héréditaire. Ils l'acceptent d'autant mieux qu'Hugues Capet et ses premiers descendants font preuve d'une sage réserve face à des seigneurs parfois plus puissants et plus riches qu'eux-mêmes.

De génération en génération, les descendants d'Hugues Capet auront la double chance de vivre assez longtemps pour se faire accepter par leurs pairs et d'avoir un fils apte à leur succéder.

C'est seulement avec Philippe II Auguste, deux siècle plus tard, que la royauté sera devenue assez forte pour ignorer le rite de l'élection. Philippe Auguste dédaignera de faire désigner son fils de son vivant. Louis VIII dit Le Lion lui succèdera automatiquement et sans difficulté le 14 juillet 1223.

La succession héréditaire sera dès lors la règle en France. Mais ce principe restera relativement exceptionnel en Europe jusqu'à la fin du Moyen Âge, beaucoup de dynasties royales perpétuant le principe de l'élection à vie (Allemagne, Pologne, Russie,...). De nombreuses communautés conserveront par ailleurs un gouvernement de type républicain, en Suisse ou encore en Italie

http://www.herodote.net

NB Promethée : Hérodote...radote ! Le sacre royal date de Saint-Remi et de Clovis et non de Pepin, c'est ce sacre antérieur à tous les sacres, "au sommet de la majesté royale", qui fait la force morale et la supériorité du roi de France dans les monarchies occidentales ! Il est indépendant et au-dessus de tous y compris l'Empereur romain germanique, girouette dont les Lorraine-Hagsbourg, après les Hohenstaufen et avant les Hohenzolern, essayent tardivement de remuer les cendres ! Il faut relire les classiques ! "France, Fille aînée de l'Eglise, souviens-toi de ton baptême !" Il faut que ce soit un Polonais qui rappelle que la France a un droit d'aînesse dans la civilisation de l'Europe et du monde ! (Promethée)

CompuServe Roots Library: The Royal Sovereigns of the Kingdom of France

Grolier's Academic American Encyclopedia (1993):
Fawtier, Robert, Capetian Kings of France, trans. by Lionel Butler and R.J.
Adam (1960):
Hugh Capet, b. c. 938, d. Oct. 24, 996, king of France from 987, founded the
Capetian dynasty. The son of Hugh the Great (d. 956), count of Paris, he
intrigued against the Carolignian king Lothair (r. 954-86) and on the death
(987) of Lothair's son, Louis V, was elected king by the magnates. He then had
to contend with Charles, duke of lower Lorraine, the legitimate Carolingian
claimant who had been passed over. Charles was finally imprisoned in 991. To
ensure the succession, Hugh made his son Robert II (d. 1031) joint sovereign.

The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants; page 444

GIVN Hugh Capet
SURN von Frankreich
NSFX King of France
AFN 9G85-M2
_PRIMARY Y
DATE 13 OCT 2000
TIME 17:59:30

The royal lineage of France was descended from Hughes, nicknamed Capet, elected king in 987. From his nickname comes the historians' name for the lineage, Capetians, although this was never considered the family name of the kings of France. (Only in 1792, when Louis XVI was deposed, was he given the name of Louis Capet, in part by derision). It was the Nation's right to decide on another reigning family should this lineage become extinct.

The Direct Capetians, all descendants in direct male line from Hughes, ruled from father to son until 1328. Philippe IV le Bel (ruled 1285-1314) had three sons who reigned in turn: Louis X le Hutin (1314-16), Philippe V le Long (1316-24), Charles IV le Bel (1324-28). The wives of all three sons were implicated, to varying degrees, in an adultery scandal in the early 1300s (the scandal of the tower of Nesles), which cast strong doubts over the legitimacy of their offspring, in particular, Jeanne, only daughter of Louis. Louis repudiated his wife and married Clemence of Hungary; he died before his first son was born, Jean I who lived 5 days (1316). Thus, the question of succession of a female to the throne was posed for the first time under the Capetians. The expected regent, Philippe comte de Poitou, argued the possible illegitimacy of his niece to have her passed over for succession, and his decision was endorsed by the Parliaments and Councils. Likewise, he died without sons and his daughter was passed over for Charles IV who died without children.

CompuServe Roots Library: The Royal Sovereigns of the Kingdom of France

Grolier's Academic American Encyclopedia (1993):
Fawtier, Robert, Capetian Kings of France, trans. by Lionel Butler and R.J.
Adam (1960):
Hugh Capet, b. c. 938, d. Oct. 24, 996, king of France from 987, founded the
Capetian dynasty. The son of Hugh the Great (d. 956), count of Paris, he
intrigued against the Carolignian king Lothair (r. 954-86) and on the death
(987) of Lothair's son, Louis V, was elected king by the magnates. He then had
to contend with Charles, duke of lower Lorraine, the legitimate Carolingian
claimant who had been passed over. Charles was finally imprisoned in 991. To
ensure the succession, Hugh made his son Robert II (d. 1031) joint sovereign.

The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants; page 444

[Descent from the Battle of Hastings, Kenneth J. Hart]:Hugh, King of
France 987-96.
BIRT DATE Winter 941.
Kilde: Weis, Frederick Lewis, Ancestral Roots of Sixty Colonists, 6th
Edition, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co, 1988.
Kilde: 956-996: Count of Paris [Ref: Weis AR #101]
Kilde: 987-996: King of France; first of the Capetian Kings of France
[Ref: Weis AR #101]
Kilde: Count of Poitou, Count of Orleans [Ref: Weis AR #53]
Kilde: first of the Capetian Kings of France [Ref: Weis AR #53]
Kilde: date: [Ref: Weis AR #53] after 939 [Ref: Weis AR #101],
parents: [Ref: Weis AR #101]
Kilde: date: [Ref: Weis AR #53] before 969 [Ref: Weis AR #144A],
names: [Ref: Weis AR #101]
Kilde: date: [Ref: Weis AR #101] Oct 996 [Ref: Weis AR #141], place:
[Ref: Weis AR #53]
INDIVIDUAL BURIAL SOURCE NOTES: [Ref: Weis AR #53] MARR DATE Summer 968.
//
[Tom Bjornstad, ] ..Hughes (Hugo) Capet
(Kapi) died in 996, as did Richard I, and was born 940, he was a kind of
Lord in 'Ile de France' which was also in 987 made him succeed to the
throne as a King of France. His direct decendants died all out as a
line in 1328, however some sidelines moved on until 1848...
[Hubert Barnich , Canadian conf., posted info from a book about the
family COURTENAY and the Comt de Namur in Belgium] Hughes Capet
(941-996), duc de France, comte de Paris, Roi en 987, X Adla de
Poitiers.
[DC] b. 939 in France, crowned 987, m. abt 969, died Aug 24, 996.

[Jeremiah Brown.FTW]

[from Ancestry.com 139798.GED]
Hugh was elected King of France in June 987 and was crowned at Noyon on 3 July 987. Founded the Capetian Dynasty which ruled France until 1328. Ancestor of the Bourbon Dynasty that ruled France until 1848.
The election of Hugh as King by the French nobles marked the end of the struggle between the nobility and the last feeble heirs of the Carolingian line. As king, Hugh had certain powers but they were more theoretical than real. The only lands he actually ruled over were those he inherited as Count of Paris.

#Générale##Générale#Profession : Roi de France du 1er Juillet 987 au 24 Octobre996.
Décès : à Paris ou aux Juifs près de 28000.Chartres ?

Duc des Francs (956-987), comte de Paris
Couronné à Noyon le mercredi 1er juin 987.

S'il ne parvint pas à abaisser les prétentions de ses vassaux, il accrut ledomaine royal et, en faisant sacrer son fils Robert de son vivant (987), assural'hérédité de sa maison.

Source : Le Petit Larousse (1993), page 1402.

{geni:about_me} Reign: 3 July 987 – 24 October 996

Coronation: 3 July 987, Noyons

Titles: Duke of the Franks, Count of Paris (956 – 987)

Hugh Capet (c 940 – 24 October 996) was the first King of France of the eponymous Capetian dynasty from his election to succeed the Carolingian Louis V in 987 until his death.

Hugh Capet descended from the Robertians and was the son of Hugh the Great, Duke of France, and Hedwige of Saxony, daughter of the German king Henry the Fowler,

Hugh was born about 940. His paternal family, the Robertians, were powerful landowners in the Île-de-France. His grandfather had been King Robert I and his grandmother Beatrice was a Carolingian, a daughter of Herbert I of Vermandois. King Odo was his great uncle and King Rudolph Odo's son-in-law.

Hugh was born into a well-connected and powerful family with many ties to the reigning nobility of Europe. But for all this, Hugh's father was never king. When Rudolph died in 936, Hugh the Great organized the return of Louis d'Outremer, son of Charles the Simple, from his exile at the court of Athelstan of England. Hugh's motives are unknown, but it is presumed that he acted to forestall Rudolph's brother and successor as Duke of Burgundy, Hugh the Black from taking the French throne, or to prevent it from falling into the grasping hands of Herbert II of Vermandois or William Longsword, Count of Rouen.

In 956, Hugh inherited his father's estates and became one of the most powerful nobles in the much-reduced West Frankish kingdom. However, as he was not yet an adult, his uncle Bruno, Archbishop of Keulen, acted as regent.

Young Hugh's neighbours made the most of the opportunity. Theobald I of Blois, a former vassal of Hugh the Great, took the counties of Chartres and Châteaudun. Further south, on the border of the kingdom, Fulk II of Anjou, another former client of Hugh the Great, carved out a principality at Hugh's expense and that of the Bretons.

The kingdom in which Hugh grew up, and of which he would one day be king, bore no resemblance to modern France. Hugh's predecessors did not call themselves rois de France ("Kings of France"), and that title was not used until the time of his distant descendant Philip the Fair (died 1314).

Kings ruled as rex Francorum ("King of the Franks") and the lands over which they ruled comprised only a very small part of the former Carolingian Empire. The eastern Frankish lands, the Holy Roman Empire (Ben M. Angel notes: the HRE was created by Hugh's grandfather, Henry the Fowler - it was a successor state to the Kingdom of the Eastern Franks, and an entity separate of that of Charlemagne, who considered himself Emperor of the Romans, not Holy Roman Emperor), were ruled by the Ottonian dynasty, represented by Hugh's first cousin Otto II and then by Otto's son, Otto III.

The lands south of the river Loire had largely ceased to be part of the West Frankish kingdom in the years after Charles the Simple was deposed in 922. The Duchy of Normandy and the Duchy of Burgundy were largely independent, and Brittany entirely so, although from 956 Burgundy was ruled by Hugh's brothers Odo and Henry.

From 978 to 986, Hugh Capet allied himself with the German emperors Otto II and Otto III and with Archbishop Adalberon of Reims to dominate the Carolingian king, Lothair. By 986, he was king in all but name. After Lothair and his son died in early 987, the archbishop of Reims and Gerbert of Aurillac convened an assembly of nobles to elect Hugh Capet as their king.

In front of an electoral assembly at Senlis, Adalberon gave a stirring oration and pleaded to the nobles:

"Crown the Duke. He is most illustrious by his exploits, his nobility, his forces. The throne is not acquired by hereditary right; no one should be raised to it unless distinguished not only for nobility of birth, but for the goodness of his soul."

He was elected and crowned rex Francorum at Noyon in Picardy on 3 July 987, by the prelate of Reims, the first of the house that would later bear his name to rule France. Immediately after his coronation, Hugh began to push for the coronation of his son Robert. Hugh's own claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies harassing Borrel II of Barcelona, an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country necessitated two kings should he die while on expedition.

Ralph Glaber, however, attributes Hugh's request to his old age and inability to contol the nobility. Modern scholarship has largely imputed to Hugh the motive of establishing a dynasty against the pretension of electoral power on the part of the aristocracy, but this is not the typical view of contemporaries and even some modern scholars have been less sceptical of Hugh's "plan" to campaign in Spain.

Robert was eventually crowned on 30 December that same year.

Hugh Capet possessed minor properties near Chartres and Angers. Between Paris and Orléans he possessed towns and estates amounting to approximately 400 square miles (1,000 km²). His authority ended there, and if he dared travel outside his small area, he risked being captured and held for ransom, though, as God's anointed, his life was largely safe.

Indeed, there was a plot in 993, masterminded by the Bishop of Laon and Odo I of Blois, to deliver Hugh Capet into the custody of Otto III. The plot failed, but the fact that no one was punished illustrates how tenuous his hold on power was.

Beyond his power base, in the rest of France, there were still as many codes of law as there were fiefdoms. The "country" operated with 150 different forms of currency and at least a dozen languages. Uniting all this into one cohesive unit was a formidable task and a constant struggle between those who wore the crown of France and its feudal lords. As such, Hugh Capet's reign was marked by numerous power struggles with the vassals on the borders of the Seine and the Loire.

While Hugh Capet's military power was limited and he had to seek military aid from Richard I of Normandy, his unanimous election as king gave him great moral authority and influence. Adémar de Chabannes records, probably apocryphally, that during an argument with the Count of Auvergne, Hugh demanded of him: "Who made you count?" The count riposted: "Who made you king?"

Hugh made Arnulf Archbishop of Reims in 988, even though Arnulf was the nephew of the his bitter rival, Charles of Lorraine. Charles thereupon succeeded in capturing Reims and took the archbishop prisoner. Hugh, however, considered Arnulf a turncoat and demanded his deposition by Pope John XV.

The turn of events outran the messages, when Hugh captured both Charles and Arnulf and convoked a synod at Reims in June 991, which obediently deposed Arnulf and chose as his successor Gerbert of Aurillac. These proceedings were repudiated by Rome, although a second synod had ratified the decrees issued at Reims. John XV summoned the French bishops to hold an independent synod outside the King's realm, at Aachen, to reconsider the case. When they refused, he called them to Rome, but they protested that the unsettled conditions en route and in Rome made that impossible. The Pope then sent a legate with instructions to call a council of French and German bishops at Mousson, where only the German bishops appeared, the French being stopped on the way by Hugh and Robert.

Through the exertions of the legate, the deposition of Arnulf was finally pronounced illegal. After Hugh's death, Arnulf was released from his imprisonment and soon restored to all his dignities.

Hugh Capet died on 24 October 996 in Paris and was interred in the Saint Denis Basilica. His son Robert continued to reign.

Most historians regard the beginnings of modern France with the coronation of Hugh Capet. This is because, as Count of Paris, he made it his power center. The monarch began a long process of exerting control of the rest of the country from there.

He is regarded as the founder of the Capetian dynasty. The direct Capetians, or the House of Capet, ruled France from 987 to 1328; thereafter, the Kingdom was ruled by collateral branches of the dynasty. All French Kings down to Louis Philippe, and royal pretenders since then, have been members of the dynasty (the Bonapartes styled themselves emperors rather than kings).

Today, the Capetian dynasty is still the head of state in the kingdom of Spain (in the person of the double Bourbon Juan Carlos) and the duchy of Luxembourg, being the oldest continuously reigning dynasty in Europe.

--------------------

There is no information on where Hugh Capet was born. If to try and determine it on our own, these are the events around the time of Hugh Capet's birth:

936: January, Rudolf/Raoul, Duke of Burgundy dies. Hugh refuses the throne of the King of the Franks, supporting the candidacy of Louis d'Outremer IV instead. (Hugh's residence: Laon.)

936: June 19, Louis IV is coroneted King of the Franks at Laon by Artaud, Archbishop of Rheims.

936: July 2, Heinrich I of Saxony, considered to be the father of the Holy Roman Empire (though this name doesn't appear for another 500 years), dies at the family palace in Memleben, Thuringia, of a stroke. His son Otto I becomes Emperor of the Eastern Franks (described 500 years later as the first Holy Roman Emperor). He spends much of his early years putting down rebellions.

936: July 25, Louis IV appoints Hugh the Great as Duke of the Franks. Hugh was also made Comte d'Auxerre around this time (residence still Laon).

936: December 26, Louis IV clarifies that Hugh the Great is his second in command.

937 or 938: Hugh marries Hedwig of Saxony, daughter of the first King of Duitsland Heinrich I the Fowler of Saxony. Louis IV, in contrast, accepts the fealty of Gilbert of Lorraine/Lotharingia, with whom he promises more autonomy. This triggers eventual war between the East and West Franks, and stress between the Louis IV and his Duke, Hugh.

938 (at least 9 months after their marriage), Hedwig gives birth to their first-born, Beatrice.

939: Hugh Capet likely conceived before the final break between Hugh the Great and Louis IV and resulting military campaigns. (Residency likely Laon at conception, but may not have remained Laon throughout the pregnancy, presuming 940 birth year.)

939: October 2, Gilbert is defeated at the Battle of Andernach, and is drowned while trying to flee across the Rhine. This ends Louis IV's campaign to obtain Lorraine/Lotharingia, and opens his kingdom to attack. Henry I of Bavaria, seeing the writing on the wall, leaves Louis IV's side and over the next two years reconciles with Emperor Otto, and is given Lorraine/Lotharingia. Henry later breaks with Otto and is forced from his new duchy.

940: By this time, Louis IV turns on Hugh the Great (or perhaps the other way around). Louis IV fears that Hugh holds the real power as their interests become opposite to each other. Louis raises an army and attacks Hugh, but is defeated near Rheims. Hugh sides with the Emperor Otto I as he invades from Lorraine to punish Louis. (Residence: maybe Laon, but unclear.)

942: Emperor Otto I advances on the Seine River, and forces Louis IV to cede control of Burgundy. (Residence: uncertain.)

943: Hugh the Great establishes his authority over Burgundy by agreement with Otto I. Emma, Hugh Capet's younger sister, is born around this time. (Residency, likely in Burgundy.)

945: Louis IV is captured by Vikings (Normans), who hand him over to Hugh the Great. Under pressure from the Holy Roman Emperor, Hugh the Great releases King Louis IV, but only on the condition that he receives Laon. (Residency likely at this time Laon.)

Conclusion: It could be that Hugh Capet was born in Laon, but there is nothing that confirms this, and he could have been born in another location (such as somewhere within Eastern Franconia - his father Hugh the Great's ally at the time).

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Uncertain of source (it's not Spanish Wikipedia), Biography of Hugh Capet in Spanish:

Hugo Capeto (nacido hacia el año 940 y muerto en Les Juifs, Chartres, el 24 de octubre de 996) fue rey de Francia entre 987 y 996, inició la Dinastía de los Capetos.

Hijo de Hugo el Grande, duque de Francia, perteneciente a la Casa Robertina. En 960 sucedió a su padre como duque de Francia, conde de Orleans y abad laico de Saint-Martin de Tours, de Marmoutier, de Saint-Germain-des-Prés y de Saint-Denis.

Se casó el año 968 con Adelaida de Aquitania. De este matrimonio nacieron cuatro hijos:

1. Gisela (970 - 1000), casada con Hugo I de Ponthieu;

2. Edwige (969 - 1013), casada hacia el 996 con Rainiero IV de Hainaut y posteriormente con Hugo III de Dasbourg;

Roberto el Piadoso (972 - 1031), rey de Francia con el nombre de Roberto II;

3. Adelaida (973 - 1068).

En el año 978 estuvo al frente de la defensa de la ciudad de París frente a un ataque del emperador alemán Otón II.

Al morir el rey Luis V el Holgazán, último en la línea directa de los carolingios, fue elegido rey de Francia por una asamblea reunida en Senlis. Fue proclamado rey en Noyon y consagrado en Reims el 3 de julio de 987, venciendo la oposición de Carlos, duque de la Baja Lorena, tío de su predecesor. De la frase roi à la chape (por su investidura de abad) es llamado el Capeto.

En el mismo año consagró a su hijo Roberto para asegurarle la sucesión. Sus descendientes reinarían en Francia en forma directa hasta 1848, pues si bien la rama principal de los Capetos se extinguiría en 1328, las dinastías subsiguientes, (Valois, Borbones y Orleans), descienden asimismo por línea paterna directa de Hugo Capeto.

Le gustaba distinguirse de los caballeros de la época llevando una capa de corte peculiar. Por ello se le comenzó a llamar Capeto, que significa "el de la capa". Con el tiempo se convirtió en apellido.

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Notes:

1. Capet is a byname of uncertain meaning distinguishing him from his father Hugh the Great. Folk etymology connects it with cape, other suggested etymologies derive it from terms for chief, mocker or big head. See further fr:Capet (nom). His father's byname is presumed to have been retrospective, Latin: Hugo Magnus, meaning Hugh the Elder, this Hugh being Hugh the Younger, Capet being a 12th century addition; James, p. 183.

2. ^ For a fuller explanation of the descent and relationships of Hugh, see the genealogical tables in Riché, Les Carolingiens, pp. 399 ff.

References

1. Bordenove, Georges. Les Rois qui ont fait la France: Hugues Capet, le Fondateur. Paris: Marabout, 1986. ISBN 2-501-01099-X

2. Gauvard, Claude. La France au Moyen Âge du Ve au XVe siècle. Paris: PUF, 1996. 2-13-054205-0

3. James, Edward. The Origins of France: From Clovis to the Capetians 500-1000. London: Macmillan, 1982. ISBN 0312588623

4. Riché, Pierre. Les Carolingiens: Une famille qui fit l'Europe. Paris: Hachette, 1983. 2-012-78551-0

5. Theis, Laurent. Histoire du Moyen Âge français: Chronologie commentée 486-1453. Paris: Perrin, 1992. 2-87027-587-0

6. Lewis, Anthony W. "Anticipatory Association of the Heir in Early Capetian France." The American Historical Review, Vol. 83, No. 4. (Oct., 1978), pp 906-927.

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From the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy page on France Capetian Kings:

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CAPET.htm#_Toc154137000

HUGUES, son of HUGUES “le Grand” Duc des Francs & his third wife Hedwig of Saxony ([940]-villa "Les Juifs", near Prasville, Eure-et-Loire 24 Oct 996, bur église de l'Abbaye royale de Saint-Denis).

The Historia Francorum Senonensis names (in order) "Hugo, Otto et Heinricus" as the three sons of "Hugo Magnus dux Francorum…ex filia Odonis regis"[116]. Flodoard names "Hugonem et Oddonem clericum" as brothers of "Otto filius Hugonis", when he records that the rectores of Burgundy named them as his successors[117]. Rodulfus Glauber names "Hugoni, Parisiensis ducis filio…illius Magni Hugonis", specifying that his mother was "Ottone…sorore"[118].

His father named Richard Comte [de Normandie] as Hugues's guardian in 956, the arrangement being confirmed by Richard's betrothal to the sister of Hugues. He was installed as Duc des Francs/dux Francorum by Lothaire King of France in 960.

By 974, Hugues had become effective leader of France under King Lothaire, and headed the army which retook the kingdom of Lotharingia from Otto II King of Duitsland in 978[119].

He was elected HUGUES "Capet" King of France by an assembly of nobles at Senlis 29 May 987, after the accidental death of Louis V King of France. He was consecrated at Noyon 1 Jun 987.

Charles Duke of Lotharingia, the late king's uncle, opposed the accession of King Hugues. He captured Laon [May] 988, and Reims [Aug/Sep] 989, with the help of his nephew Arnoul Archbishop of Reims, but was finally captured at Laon in 991[120].

The Historia Francorum Senonensis records the death in 998 of "Hugo rex" and his burial "in basilica beati Dyonisii martiris Parisius"[121]. The necrology of the abbey of Saint-Denis records the death "IX Kal Nov" of "Hugo rex"[122].

m ([968]) ADELAIS, daughter of --- ([950/55]-15 Jun [1004]).

There is uncertainty about the origin of Adelais. According to the 11th century Translation to Saint-Magloire[123], she was ADELAIS de Poitou, daughter of GUILLAUME III “Tête d'Etoupes” Duke of Aquitaine [GUILLAUME I Comte de Poitou] & his wife Adela [Gerloc] de Normandie. This Poitevin origin is also suggested by Richer when he records that King Robert "ob nepotem suum Wilelmum" besieged "in Aquitania…Hildebertum"[124]. It is assumed that such a relationship between King Robert and Duke Guillaume would be through the king's mother as no family connection through his father has been established.

The Chronicle of Ademar de Chabannes, on the other hand, recounts the dispute between "Dux Aquitanorum Willelmus" and King Hugues, as well as the subsequent peace agreed between the parties in 990, without mentioning that the duke was the king's brother-in-law[125], all the more surprising if the Poitevin origin is correct as Ademar concentrates on Poitevin affairs and also includes genealogical details in his narrative.

Helgaud's Vita Roberti Regis names "Rex Francorum Rotbertus…patre Hugone, matre Adhelaide", specifying that "ab Ausonis partibus descenderat"[126]. Settipani equates "Ausonia" with Rome or Italy[127], although no other reference to an Italian origin for Adelais has yet been identified.

The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the mother of "rex Francorum Robertus" as "superiorem regum Anglie soror"[128] but it is difficult to see to whom this could refer or how it could be correct.

The paucity of references in contemporary sources to the wife of Hugues Capet and her origin contrasts sharply with the frequent references to his mother and to the wives of his son King Robert II. This suggests that the background of Queen Adelais may have been obscure and that her family had little political influence at the time, although this would be surprising as her husband was already enjoying a position of some power at the Carolingian court at the time of his marriage. Maybe her family was prominent when the couple married but suffered a subsequent decline by the time her husband was elected king.

Nevertheless, an Aquitainian marriage would have fitted the political circumstances of the time. After several decades of dispute between the Capet and Poitou families, a permanent peace appears to have been established from about the time the marriage took place[129].

The necrology of the abbey of Saint-Denis records the death "XVII Kal Jul" of "Adelaidis regina"[130].

[Mistress (1): ---. The name of King Hugues's possible mistress is not known.]

King Hugues & his wife had three children:

1. GISELA de France ([970][131]-). m (before 987) HUGUES ---, son of --- (-4 Jul [1000]). Hugues Capet King of France separated Abbeville, Ancre and Domart from the Abbaye de Saint-Riquier and gave them to Hugues, who was known as the avoué de Saint-Riquier[133]. These territories became the foundation of the county of Ponthieu.

2. HEDWIGE [Avoie] de France ([969][134]-after 1013). Her brother gave her the towns of Couvin, Fraisne, Nîme, Eve and Bens [all now in Belgium] as her dowry on her marriage. m ([996]) REGINAR IV Comte de Hainaut, son of REGINAR [III] Graf im Maasgau & his wife Adela [von Dachsburg] (after 947-1013).

3. ROBERT de France (Orléans ([27 Mar] 972-Château de Melun 20 Jul 1031, bur église de l'Abbaye royale de Saint-Denis). He was consecrated Associate-King 25 Dec 987, Cathedral of Sainte-Croix d’Orléans. He succeeded his father in 996 as ROBERT II "le Pieux" King of France.

King Hugues had one possible illegitimate son by Mistress (1):

4. [GAUZLIN (-1030). Ademar refers to "abbatem Gauzlenum" being ordained at "sancti Benedicti" by "Rex Rotbertus". The text continues by explaining that he was "nobilissimi Francorum principis filius manzer, a puero in monasterio sancti Benedicti nutritus", specifying that "rex supra scriptus [=Rotbertus]" later installed him as "archiepiscopum Bituricensibus" after the death of Archbishop Dagbert[143]. These oblique references have been interpreted as meaning that the father of Gauzlin was King Hugues "Capet"[144], although this is not beyond doubt. Kerrebrouck also casts doubt on this assumed paternity of Gauzlin[145]. Archbishop of Bourges. Abbé de Fleury, Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire.]

The precise relationship between the following person and the family of the Capetian kings has not been established. It is possible that he was related through the wife of King Hugues Capet.

1. INGO (-29 Jan 1026). Succeeded as abbot of “sancti Petri Vivi” in 1015[146].

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Hugues Capet (né vers 940, mort au lieu-dit « Les Juifs », près de Prasville (Eure-et-Loir) le 24 octobre 996[1]), duc des Francs (960-987), puis roi des Francs (987-996), fut le premier souverain de la dynastie capétienne. Fils de Hugues le Grand et de son épouse Hedwige de Saxe, il est l'héritier des puissants Robertiens, la lignée qui est en compétition pour le pouvoir avec les grandes familles aristocratiques de Francie aux IXe et Xe siècles.

La fin du Xe siècle connaît le début d'une révolution économique et sociale qui allait trouver son apogée vers 1100[2]. Les progrès agricoles, le début des défrichements et l'augmentation des capacités d'échanges entraînée par l'introduction du denier d'argent par les premiers Carolingiens, entraînent une dynamique économique encore timide mais réelle. Dans le même temps, la fin des invasions et la continuité des guerres personnelles entraînent la construction des premiers châteaux privés où peuvent trouver refuge les paysans. En parallèle, la nouvelle élite guerrière, les chevaliers, entre en concurrence avec l'ancienne aristocratie foncière carolingienne. Pour canaliser ces nouveaux venus et pour assurer la protection de leurs biens, l'aristocratie et l'Église soutiennent et exploitent le mouvement de la paix de Dieu. C'est dans ce contexte qu'Hugues Capet peut instaurer la dynastie capétienne.

Il bénéficie tout d'abord de l'œuvre politique de son père qui parvient à contenir les ambitions de Herbert II de Vermandois, puis à en neutraliser la lignée. Cependant, cela ne peut se faire qu'en aidant les Carolingiens, pourtant totalement évincés de la course à la couronne depuis la déchéance de Charles le Simple, à se maintenir. En 960, Hugues Capet hérite du titre de duc des Francs obtenu par son père en échange de la concession de la couronne à Louis IV d'Outremer. Mais, avant de parvenir au pouvoir, il doit se libérer de la tutelle des Ottoniens et éliminer les derniers Carolingiens. C'est avec le soutien de l'Église, et en particulier de l'évêque Adalbéron de Reims et de Gerbert d'Aurillac, tous deux proches de la cour ottonienne, qu'il est enfin élu et sacré roi des Francs en 987.

La relative faiblesse d'Hugues Capet est paradoxalement un atout pour son élection par les autres grandes familles avec le soutien des Ottoniens, car il est peu menaçant aux yeux des grands vassaux et pour les ambitions impériales. Cependant, si effectivement le nouveau roi ne parvient pas à soumettre ses vassaux indisciplinés, son règne voit une modification de la conception du royaume et du roi. Ainsi, Hugues Capet renoue avec l'Église en s'entourant systématiquement des principaux évêques et se rapproche de l'aristocratie en s'alliant avec les grands princes territoriaux (le duc de Normandie ou le comte d'Anjou), ce qui renforce son trône. Cette histoire du premier Capétien nous est surtout connue grâce au moine lettré Richer de Reims.

La Francia occidentalis se trouve définitivement séparée de l'Empire et le premier capétien, comme ses successeurs, met toute son énergie à créer une dynastie continue en consolidant son pouvoir sur son domaine et en y associant son fils Robert le Pieux le jour de Noël de l'an 987[3]. La couronne est effectivement transmise à son fils à sa mort en 996. La dynastie capétienne qu'il fonde ainsi dure plus de huit siècles et donne naissance à des lignées de souverains en Espagne, en Italie, en Hongrie, au Portugal et au Brésil[4].

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Hugh succeeded to his father's numerous fiefs in 956, thus becoming one of the most powerful feudatories of France. He supported his cousin Lothaire in a war against Otto II of Duitsland. When the son of Lothaire (Louis V) died, Hugh Capet was proclaimed King of the Franks in 987. He was the first to use the Capet surname; he ruled France from 987-986.

His kingdom included all of the present day France except for Brittany and Aquitaine. He was a devoted son of the church, interested in clerical reform and in participating in church ceremonies [Colonial and Revolutionary Lineages of America, Vol. 1, p. 358].

Duke of France between 956 and 987.

Lay-Abbot of St. Martin's in Tours, between 956 and 987. He joined the dignity of Abbot of St-Martin with the Crown of France in perpetuity in 987 [Transcribed by Douglas J. Potter The Catholic Encyclopedia, I-XIV (New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1908-1912), XV:Archdiocese of Tours].

He succeeded the last of the Carolingians to rule, Louis "do-Nothing." He ascended to the throne of France in May 987. He was crowned by Adalbero, Archbishop of Reims, on 3 July 987 in Noyon, France [Encyclopaedea Britannica and Joy Law, Fleur de Lys, The Kings and Queens of France (90 Great Russell Street, London, WC1B 3PT: Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 1976), pg. 27 - says "proclaimed 1 July, and consecrated 5 July" and Christian Settipani & Patrick van Kerrebrouck, La Prehistoire des Capetiens 481-987, Premiere partie: Merovingians, Carolingians et Robertiens (Villeneuve d'Ascq: Editions Christian, 1993), pg. 415].

King of Franks in France, between 3 July 987 and 24 October 996 [Christian Settipani & Patrick van Kerrebrouck, La Prehistoire des Capetiens 481-987, Premiere partie: Merovingians, Carolingians et Robertiens (Villeneuve d'Ascq: Editions Christian, 1993), pg. 415].

He was challenged by the barons on his election as King; one in particular, the Count of Périgord, who raised an army and attacked him after 5 July 987 [Joy Law, Fleur de Lys, The Kings and Queens of France (90 Great Russell Street, London, WC1B 3PT: Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 1976), pg. 28].

He died on 24 October 996 in "les-Juifs", Prasville, Eure-et-Loire, France. He died, according to Richer, a monk at St. Remigus, "covered in spots [possibly smallpox] at his château in the hands of Jews [probably his doctors]." He had ruled for 9 years, and 4 months [Christian Settipani & Patrick van Kerrebrouck, La Prehistoire des Capetiens 481-987, Premiere partie: Merovingians, Carolingians et Robertiens (Villeneuve d'Ascq: Editions Christian, 1993), pg. 415 and Joy Law, Fleur de Lys, The Kings and Queens of France (90 Great Russell Street, London, WC1B 3PT: Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 1976), pg. 27].

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In 987 the dynasty took its name from Hugh's by-name (Capet) which referred to his distinctive cloak. Hugh was descended from 'Robert the Strong', Marquess of Neustria (d. 866), whose descendants ranked among the strongest men in the West Frankia in the succeeding century; three of them (Odo 887-898, Robert 922-923 & Raoul 923-936) held the royal title.

Sources:

Comptons Interactive Encyclopedia

The book, 'The Oxford History of Medieval Europe'

The book, 'Kings & Queens of Europe'

The book, 'The Dark Ages'

The book, 'French Kings'

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He was the King of France and Count of Paris, Poitou and Orleans. He was the Hereditary Abbot of St. Martin and St. Denis.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Capet_of_France
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Hugo Capeto (938 — 24 de Outubro de 996) foi rei dos francos de 987 a 996, o fundador da dinastia capetiana. Era filho de Hugo, o Grande, duque dos francos, e de Hedwige, ou Avoia, da Saxónia, filha de Henrique I da Saxónia, rei da Germânia.

Em 987, Hugo Capeto, então duque dos francos, tornou Paris na principal cidade do país e o poderio do ducado estendeu-se gradativamente a toda a França, durante o período de lutas civis que acompanhou as três primeiras Cruzadas. Homem de grandes virtudes administrativas, não granjeou o poder por simpatias, mas sim por astúcia, força e o suborno.

Do seu casamento em 970 com Adelaide da Aquitânia (945-1004), filha de Guilherme III, conde de Poitiers e duque da Aquitânia, nasceram:[10][11]

# Gisela de França (969 - c. 1000), casada em 970 com Hugo I de Abbeville (970 -?), conde de Ponthieu e Senhor de Abbeville.
# Edwige de França, ou Hadwige (970-1013), casada em 996 com Ranier IV, conde de Hainaut, e depois com o conde Hugo III de Dasbourg.
# Roberto II, o Piedoso (972-1031), seu sucessor no trono francês casado por três vezes, a 1ª em 988 com Rosália de Ivrea (937 - 1003), Senhora de Montreuil-sur-Mer, a 2ª em 997 com Berta da Borgonha (970 -?) e a 3 em 1002 com Constança de Arles (c. 986 - Melun, 25 de Julho de 1032), filha de Guilherme I de Arles (953 - 993) e de Adelaide Branca de Anjou (955 - 1026).
# Adelaide de França (973-1068)

É relatada a existência de outros filhos, mas a veracidade dessa descendência é discutível.[5] no entanto é possível referir um filho de uma relação com N da Aquitania:

# Guzlin, arcebispo de Bourges.

in: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre <http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugo_Capeto>

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Hugh Capet
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Capet

Hugh Capet
King of the Franks (more...)
An imaginary artistic portayal of Hugh Capet by Charles de Steuben, 1837. No contemporary image of the king exists today.
King of France
Reign 3 July 987 – 24 October 996
Coronation 3 July 987, Noyon
Predecessor Louis V
Successor Robert II
Junior king Robert II
Spouse Adelaide of Aquitaine
Issue
Hedwig, Countess of Mons
Gisèle, Countess of Ponthieu
Robert II
Father Hugh the Great
Mother Hedwige of Saxony
Born c. 939
Paris, France
Died 24 October 996 (aged 56)
Paris, France
Burial Saint Denis Basilica, Paris, France

Hugh Capet[1] (c. 939 – 24 October 996), called in contemporary sources "Hugh the Great" (Latin: Hugo Magnus),[2] was the first King of France of the eponymous Capetian dynasty from his election to succeed the Carolingian Louis V in 987 until his death.
Contents
[hide]

1 Descent and inheritance
2 Election and extent of power
3 Dispute with the papacy
4 Legacy
5 Marriage and issue
6 Ancestry
7 Notes
8 References

[edit] Descent and inheritance

The son of Hugh the Great, Duke of France, and Hedwige of Saxony, daughter of the German king Henry the Fowler, Hugh was born in 939. His paternal family, the Robertians, were powerful landowners in the Île-de-France. His grandfather had been King Robert I and his grandmother Beatrice was a Carolingian, a daughter of Herbert I of Vermandois. This makes him the great-great-great-great-great grandson of Charlemagne through both of his parents, through Louis the Pious and Pepin of Italy. King Odo was his grand-uncle and King Rudolph the son-in-law of his grandfather, King Robert I. Hugh was born into a well-connected and powerful family with many ties to the reigning nobility of Europe.[3] But for all this, Hugh's father was never king. When Rudolph died in 936, Hugh the Great organised the return of Louis d'Outremer, son of Charles the Simple, from his exile at the court of Athelstan of England. Hugh's motives are unknown, but it is presumed that he acted to forestall Rudolph's brother and successor as Duke of Burgundy, Hugh the Black, from taking the French throne, or to prevent it from falling into the grasping hands of Herbert II of Vermandois or Richard the Fearless, Duke of Normandy.[4]

In 956, Hugh inherited his father's estates and became one of the most powerful nobles in the much-reduced West Frankish kingdom. However, as he was not yet an adult, his uncle Bruno, Archbishop of Keulen, acted as regent. Young Hugh's neighbours made the most of the opportunity. Theobald I of Blois, a former vassal of Hugh the Great, took the counties of Chartres and Châteaudun. Further south, on the border of the kingdom, Fulk II of Anjou, another former client of Hugh the Great, carved out a principality at Hugh's expense and that of the Bretons.[5]
A denier of Hugh Capet when he was Duke of France, calling him "duke by the grace of God" (Dux Dei Gratia). Minted at Paris (Parisi Civita)

The realm in which Hugh grew up, and of which he would one day be king, bore no resemblance to modern France. Hugh's predecessors did not call themselves rois de France ("Kings of France"), and that title was not used until the time of his distant descendant Philip the Fair (died 1314). Kings ruled as rex Francorum ("King of the Franks") and the lands over which they ruled comprised only a very small part of the former Carolingian Empire. The eastern Frankish lands, the Holy Roman Empire, were ruled by the Ottonian dynasty, represented by Hugh's first cousin Otto II and then by Otto's son, Otto III. The lands south of the river Loire had largely ceased to be part of the West Frankish kingdom in the years after Charles the Simple was deposed in 922. The Duchy of Normandy and the Duchy of Burgundy were largely independent, and Brittany entirely so, although from 956 Burgundy was ruled by Hugh's brothers Odo and Henry.[6]
[edit] Election and extent of power

From 977 to 986, Hugh Capet allied himself with the German emperors Otto II and Otto III and with Archbishop Adalberon of Reims to dominate the Carolingian king, Lothair. By 986, he was king in all but name. After Lothair's son Louis died in May of 987, Adalberon and Gerbert of Aurillac convened an assembly of nobles to elect Hugh Capet as their king. In front of an electoral assembly at Senlis, Adalberon gave a stirring oration and pleaded to the nobles:

Crown the Duke. He is most illustrious by his exploits, his nobility, his forces. The throne is not acquired by hereditary right; no one should be raised to it unless distinguished not only for nobility of birth, but for the goodness of his soul.[7]

He was elected and crowned rex Francorum at Noyon in Picardy on 3 July 987, by the prelate of Reims, the first of the Capetian house. Immediately after his coronation, Hugh began to push for the coronation of his son Robert. Hugh's own claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies harassing Borrel II of Barcelona, an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country necessitated two kings should he die while on expedition.[8] Ralph Glaber, however, attributes Hugh's request to his old age and inability to control the nobility.[9] Modern scholarship has largely imputed to Hugh the motive of establishing a dynasty against the pretension of electoral power on the part of the aristocracy, but this is not the typical view of contemporaries and even some modern scholars have been less sceptical of Hugh's "plan" to campaign in Spain.[10] Robert was eventually crowned on 25 December that same year.

Hugh Capet possessed minor properties near Chartres and Angers. Between Paris and Orléans he possessed towns and estates amounting to approximately 400 square miles (1,000 km²). His authority ended there, and if he dared travel outside his small area, he risked being captured and held for ransom, though, as God's anointed, his life was largely safe. Indeed, there was a plot in 993, masterminded by Adalberon, Bishop of Laon and Odo I of Blois, to deliver Hugh Capet into the custody of Otto III. The plot failed, but the fact that no one was punished illustrates how tenuous his hold on power was. Beyond his power base, in the rest of France, there were still as many codes of law as there were fiefdoms. The "country" operated with 150 different forms of currency and at least a dozen languages.[citation needed] Uniting all this into one cohesive unit was a formidable task and a constant struggle between those who wore the crown of France and its feudal lords. As such, Hugh Capet's reign was marked by numerous power struggles with the vassals on the borders of the Seine and the Loire.

While Hugh Capet's military power was limited and he had to seek military aid from Richard I of Normandy, his unanimous election as king gave him great moral authority and influence. Adémar de Chabannes records, probably apocryphally, that during an argument with the Count of Auvergne, Hugh demanded of him: "Who made you count?" The count riposted: "Who made you king?".[11]
[edit] Dispute with the papacy

Hugh made Arnulf Archbishop of Reims in 988, even though Arnulf was the nephew of his bitter rival, Charles of Lorraine. Charles thereupon succeeded in capturing Reims and took the archbishop prisoner. Hugh, however, considered Arnulf a turncoat and demanded his deposition by Pope John XV. The turn of events outran the messages, when Hugh captured both Charles and Arnulf and convoked a synod at Reims in June 991, which obediently deposed Arnulf and chose as his successor Gerbert of Aurillac. These proceedings were repudiated by Rome, although a second synod had ratified the decrees issued at Reims. John XV summoned the French bishops to hold an independent synod outside the King's realm, at Aachen, to reconsider the case. When they refused, he called them to Rome, but they protested that the unsettled conditions en route and in Rome made that impossible. The Pope then sent a legate with instructions to call a council of French and German bishops at Mousson, where only the German bishops appeared, the French being stopped on the way by Hugh and Robert.

Through the exertions of the legate, the deposition of Arnulf was finally pronounced illegal. After Hugh's death, Arnulf was released from his imprisonment and soon restored to all his dignities.
[edit] Legacy

Hugh Capet died on 24 October 996 in Paris and was interred in the Saint Denis Basilica. His son Robert continued to reign.

Most historians regard the beginnings of modern France with the coronation of Hugh Capet. This is because, as Count of Paris, he made the city his power centre. The monarch began a long process of exerting control of the rest of the country from there.

He is regarded as the founder of the Capetian dynasty. The direct Capetians, or the House of Capet, ruled France from 987 to 1328; thereafter, the Kingdom was ruled by cadet branches of the dynasty. All French kings through Louis Philippe, and all royal pretenders since then, have belonged to the dynasty.
[edit] Marriage and issue

Hugh Capet married Adelaide, daughter of William Towhead, Count of Poitou. Their children are as follows:

Robert II, who became king after the death of his father
Hedwig, or Hathui, who married Reginar IV, Count of Hainaut
Gisela, or Gisele

A number of other daughters are less reliably attested.[12]
[edit] Ancestry
--------------------
3 July 987 ‎(Age 48)‎ King of France France

Note: Crowned King of France at Noyon, France on 03 JUL 987

--------------------
From Wikipedia

Descent and inheritance

The son of Hugh the Great, Duke of France, and Hedwige of Saxony, daughter of the German king Henry the Fowler, Hugh was born in 941. His paternal family, the Robertians, were powerful landowners in the Île-de-France. His grandfather had been King Robert I. His grandmother Beatrice was a Carolingian, a daughter of Herbert I of Vermandois. This makes him the fifth great-grandson of Charlemagne through Pepin of Italy. King Odo was his grand-uncle and King Rudolph the son-in-law of his grandfather, King Robert I. Hugh was born into a well-connected and powerful family with many ties to the reigning nobility of Europe. But for all this, Hugh's father was never king. When Rudolph died in 936, Hugh the Great organised the return of Louis d'Outremer, son of Charles the Simple, from his exile at the court of Athelstan of England. Hugh's motives are unknown, but it is presumed that he acted to forestall Rudolph's brother and successor as Duke of Burgundy, Hugh the Black, from taking the French throne, or to prevent it from falling into the grasping hands of Herbert II of Vermandois or Richard the Fearless, Duke of Normandy.

In 956, Hugh inherited his father's estates and became one of the most powerful nobles in the much-reduced West Frankish kingdom. However, as he was not yet an adult, his mother acted as his guardian. Young Hugh's neighbours made the most of the opportunity. Theobald I of Blois, a former vassal of Hugh the Great, took the counties of Chartres and Châteaudun. Further south, on the border of the kingdom, Fulk II of Anjou, another former client of Hugh the Great, carved out a principality at Hugh's expense and that of the Bretons.

The realm in which Hugh grew up, and of which he would one day be king, bore no resemblance to modern France. Hugh's predecessors did not call themselves rois de France ("Kings of France"), and that title was not used until the time of his distant descendant Philip II Augustus. Kings ruled as rex Francorum ("King of the Franks") and the lands over which they ruled comprised only a very small part of the former Carolingian Empire. The eastern Frankish lands, the Holy Roman Empire, were ruled by the Ottonian dynasty, represented by Hugh's first cousin Otto II and then by Otto's son, Otto III. The lands south of the river Loire had largely ceased to be part of the West Frankish kingdom in the years after Charles the Simple was deposed in 922. The Duchy of Normandy and the Duchy of Burgundy were largely independent, and Brittany entirely so, although from 956 Burgundy was ruled by Hugh's brothers Odo and Henry.

Election and extent of power

From 977 to 986, Hugh Capet allied himself with the German emperors Otto II and Otto III and with Archbishop Adalberon of Reims to dominate the Carolingian king, Lothair. By 986, he was king in all but name. After Lothair's son Louis died in May 987, Adalberon and Gerbert of Aurillac convened an assembly of nobles to elect Hugh Capet as their king. In front of an electoral assembly at Senlis, Adalberon gave a stirring oration and pleaded to the nobles:

Crown the Duke. He is most illustrious by his exploits, his nobility, his forces. The throne is not acquired by hereditary right; no one should be raised to it unless distinguished not only for nobility of birth, but for the goodness of his soul.

He was elected and crowned rex Francorum at Noyon in Picardy on 3 July 987, by the prelate of Reims, the first of the Capetian house. Immediately after his coronation, Hugh began to push for the coronation of his son Robert. Hugh's own claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies harassing Borrel II of Barcelona, an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country necessitated two kings should he die while on expedition. Ralph Glaber, however, attributes Hugh's request to his old age and inability to control the nobility. Modern scholarship has largely imputed to Hugh the motive of establishing a dynasty against the pretension of electoral power on the part of the aristocracy, but this is not the typical view of contemporaries and even some modern scholars have been less sceptical of Hugh's "plan" to campaign in Spain. Robert was eventually crowned on 25 December that same year.

Hugh Capet possessed minor properties near Chartres and Angers. Between Paris and Orléans he possessed towns and estates amounting to approximately 400 square miles (1,000 km2). His authority ended there, and if he dared travel outside his small area, he risked being captured and held for ransom, though his life would be largely safe. Indeed, there was a plot in 993, masterminded by Adalberon, Bishop of Laon and Odo I of Blois, to deliver Hugh Capet into the custody of Otto III. The plot failed, but the fact that no one was punished illustrates how tenuous his hold on power was. Beyond his power base, in the rest of France, there were still as many codes of law as there were fiefdoms. The "country" operated with 150 different forms of currency and at least a dozen languages. Uniting all this into one cohesive unit was a formidable task and a constant struggle between those who wore the crown of France and its feudal lords. Therefore, Hugh Capet's reign was marked by numerous power struggles with the vassals on the borders of the Seine and the Loire.

While Hugh Capet's military power was limited and he had to seek military aid from Richard I of Normandy, his unanimous election as king gave him great moral authority and influence. Adémar de Chabannes records, probably apocryphally, that during an argument with the Count of Auvergne, Hugh demanded of him: "Who made you count?" The count riposted: "Who made you king?".

Dispute with the papacy

Hugh made Arnulf Archbishop of Reims in 988, even though Arnulf was the nephew of his bitter rival, Charles of Lorraine. Charles thereupon succeeded in capturing Reims and took the archbishop prisoner. Hugh, however, considered Arnulf a turncoat and demanded his deposition by Pope John XV. The turn of events outran the messages, when Hugh captured both Charles and Arnulf and convoked a synod at Reims in June 991 which obediently deposed Arnulf and chose as his successor Gerbert of Aurillac. These proceedings were repudiated by Rome, although a second synod had ratified the decrees issued at Reims. John XV summoned the French bishops to hold an independent synod outside the King's realm, at Aachen, to reconsider the case. When they refused, he called them to Rome, but they protested that the unsettled conditions en route and in Rome made that impossible. The Pope then sent a legate with instructions to call a council of French and German bishops at Mousson, where only the German bishops appeared, the French being stopped on the way by Hugh and Robert.

Through the exertions of the legate, the deposition of Arnulf was finally pronounced illegal. After Hugh's death, Arnulf was released from his imprisonment and soon restored to all his dignities.

Legacy

Hugh Capet died on 24 October 996 in Paris and was interred in the Saint Denis Basilica. His son Robert continued to reign.

Most historians regard the beginnings of modern France with the coronation of Hugh Capet. This is because, as Count of Paris, he made the city his power centre. The monarch began a long process of exerting control of the rest of the country from there.

He is regarded as the founder of the Capetian dynasty. The direct Capetians, or the House of Capet, ruled France from 987 to 1328; thereafter, the Kingdom was ruled by cadet branches of the dynasty. All French kings through Louis Philippe, and all royals since then, have belonged to the dynasty. Furthermore, cadet branches of the House continue to reign in Spain and Luxembourg.
--------------------
Le 3 juillet 987, dans la vieille cathédrale de Noyon, Hugues Capet devient roi de France sous le nom d'Hugues 1er.

Il est sacré par l'évêque de Reims, Adalbéron, selon un rituel germanique inauguré par Pépin le Bref.

Deux jours plus tôt, à Senlis (ou peut-être à Noyon ou Soissons), les principaux seigneurs du royaume ont offert la couronne au comte de Paris, au détriment de l'ultime héritier de Charlemagne et des rois carolingiens.

Le royaume sur lequel va régner Hugues Capet s'étend sur la partie ouest des régions occupées par les Francs, de la Manche à la Meuse, et correspond en gros au bassin parisien.

Cette région fortement romanisée s'appelait Neustrie sous Clovis et ses successeurs mérovingiens. Elle est appelée Francie occidentale au temps de Charlemagne et des carolingiens. Les Capétiens vont en faire le noyau de la France actuelle.

L'avènement d'Hugues Capet, c'est la vraie naissance de la France, au moment où naît l'Europe que nous connaissons.

En 1119, dans une lettre au pape Calixte II, un lointain descendant de Hugues Capet, le roi Louis VI, se proclame «roi de la France, non plus des Francs, et fils particulier de l'Église romaine». C'est le premier texte où il est fait référence au mot France.

Emergence de la France

Au cours du Xe siècle, deux aïeux d'Hugues Capet, dont le duc Eudes, avaient déjà été élus roi de Francie occidentale mais ils n'avaient pu conserver la couronne dans leur famille.

Au moment de son sacre, Hugues 1er est un homme mûr de 47 ans. C'est un seigneur puissant et respecté qui possède en propre de vastes domaines autour de Paris et Orléans qui en font l'un des principaux seigneurs de Francie occidentale. Il s'agit de seigneuries laïques et d'abbayes.

Le surnom de Capet que porte le roi fait précisément allusion à ses nombreuses chapes d'abbés, dont celle, prestigieuse entre toutes, de Saint-Martin-de-Tours.

Malgré le sacre de Reims, Hugues doit défendre sa légitimité les armes à la main. Selon le chroniqueur Adhémar de Chabannes, l'un de ses vassaux, Adalbert de Périgord, refusant de lever le siège de Tours, Hugues lui demande:

- Qui t'a fait comte?

Et l'autre de répliquer:

- Qui t'a fait roi?

Jusqu'en 991, Hugues doit aussi combattre le parti carolingien, qui garde de solides partisans, dont Charles de Lorraine.

Le fidèle Adalbéron étant mort en janvier 989, Hugues Capet tente de se concilier Charles de Lorraine en nommant son neveu Arnou à la tête de l'archevêché de Reims. Mais Arnoul trahit son bienfaiteur et fait entrer à Reims les troupes carolingiennes. Avec le concours du savant Gerbert, Hugues réunit un concile près de Reims. Il obtient la déposition de l'archevêque Arnoul et fait nommer Gerbert à sa place.

A la faveur d'une trahison, le roi arrive enfin à capturer Charles de Lorraine à Laon. Il se retourne ensuite contre le comte de Blois Eudes 1er avec le concours de son voisin, le comte d'Anjou.

L'époque du roi Hugues Capet, à l'approche de l'An 1000, voit l'apparition des châteaux forts en pierre. Jusque-là, les seigneurs se contentaient de fortifications en bois entourées de palissades, juchées sur une colline ou, à défaut, sur une «motte» (une colline artificielle).

Le premier château en pierre est dû au comte d'Anjou lui-même, le fameux Foulques Nerra. Il a été érigé à Langeais, au bord de la Loire.

Le pré carré

Arrondissant le domaine royal, ou «pré carré», à la manière modeste et tenace des paysans d'autrefois, Hugues 1er et ses descendants accroissent peu à peu leur richesse, consolident leur autorité et font émerger une nation nouvelle du désordre carolingien.

Les premières générations de Capétiens respectent la règle féodale de l'élection. Mais Hugues et ses successeurs ont soin de faire élire de leur vivant leur fils aîné pour leur succéder et de le faire sacrer roi à Reims.

Les Grands du royaume se prêtent de bon gré à la manoeuvre. Le fils aîné du roi régnant a l'avantage d'avoir été préparé à la succession par son père et son élection coupe court à toute querelle entre d'éventuels prétendants.

Les féodaux s'habituent peu à peu à une succession héréditaire. Ils l'acceptent d'autant mieux qu'Hugues Capet et ses premiers descendants font preuve d'une sage réserve face à des seigneurs parfois plus puissants et plus riches qu'eux-mêmes.

De génération en génération, les descendants d'Hugues Capet auront la double chance de vivre assez longtemps pour se faire accepter par leurs pairs et d'avoir un fils apte à leur succéder.

C'est seulement avec Philippe II Auguste, deux siècle plus tard, que la royauté sera devenue assez forte pour ignorer le rite de l'élection. Philippe Auguste dédaignera de faire désigner son fils de son vivant. Louis VIII dit Le Lion lui succèdera automatiquement et sans difficulté le 14 juillet 1223.

La succession héréditaire sera dès lors la règle en France. Mais ce principe restera relativement exceptionnel en Europe jusqu'à la fin du Moyen Âge, beaucoup de dynasties royales perpétuant le principe de l'élection à vie (Allemagne, Pologne, Russie,...). De nombreuses communautés conserveront par ailleurs un gouvernement de type républicain, en Suisse ou encore en Italie
--------------------
Duque de França, suserano da Borgonha.
Abade leigo de S. Martinho de Tours, S. Dinis de Paris, St. Germain de Auxerre, etc.
Investido como rei dos Francos em Noyon 1.6.987 e sagrado a 3.7.987 pelo arcebispo Alberto de Reims. Fundou a dinastia dos Capetos.
--------------------
Leo: Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser , Reference: 1961.
--------------------
The son of Hugh the Great, Duke of France, and Hedwige of Saxony, daughter of the German king Henry the Fowler, Hugh was born in 941.[2] His paternal family, the Robertians, were powerful landowners in the Île-de-France.[3] His grandfather had been King Robert I.[3] His grandmother Beatrice was a Carolingian, a daughter of Herbert I of Vermandois.[2] This makes him the fifth great-grandson of Charlemagne through Pepin of Italy.[4] King Odo was his grand-uncle and King Rudolph the son-in-law of his grandfather, King Robert I.[5]

Hugh Capet was born into a well-connected and powerful family with many ties to the reigning nobility of Europe.[b] But Hugh's father was never king. When Rudolph died in 936, Hugh the Great organised the return of Louis d'Outremer, son of Charles the Simple, from his exile at the court of Athelstan of England.[6] Hugh the Great's motives are unknown, but it is presumed that he acted to forestall Rudolph's brother, Hugh the Black, Duke of Burgundy, from attempting to take the French throne, or to prevent it from falling into the hands of Herbert II of Vermandois or Richard the Fearless, Duke of Normandy.[7]

In 956, Hugh inherited his father's estates and became one of the most powerful nobles in the much-reduced kingdom of West Francia.[8] As he was not yet an adult, his mother acted as his guardian,[9]and young Hugh's neighbours took advantage. Theobald I of Blois, a former vassal of Hugh's father, took the counties of Chartres and Châteaudun. Further south, on the border of the kingdom, Fulk II of Anjou, another former client of Hugh the Great, carved out a principality at Hugh's expense and that of the Bretons.[10]

A denier of Hugh Capet when he was Duke of France, calling him "duke by the grace of God" (Dux Dei Gratia). Minted at Paris (Parisi Civita)
The realm in which Hugh grew up, and of which he would one day be king, bore no resemblance to modern France. Hugh's predecessors did not call themselves kings of France, and that title was not used by his successors until the time of his descendant, Philip II. Kings ruled as rex Francorum ("King of the Franks") and the lands they ruled comprised only a small part of the former Carolingian Empire. The eastern Frankish lands, the Holy Roman Empire, were ruled by the Ottonian dynasty, represented by Hugh's first cousin Otto II and then by Otto's son, Otto III. The lands south of the river Loire had largely ceased to be part of the West Francia kingdom in the years after Charles the Simple was deposed in 922. Both the Duchy of Normandy and the Duchy of Burgundy were largely independent, and Brittany entirely so—although from 956 Burgundy was ruled by Hugh's brothers Otto and Henry.[11]

Election and extent of power[edit]

From 977 to 986, Hugh Capet allied himself with the Holy Roman Emperors Otto II and Otto III and with Archbishop Adalberon of Reims to dominate the Carolingian king, Lothair. By 986, he was king in all but name. After Lothair's son Louis died in May 987, Adalberon and Gerbert of Aurillac convened an assembly of nobles to elect Hugh Capet as their king. In front of an electoral assembly at Senlis, Adalberon gave a stirring oration and pleaded to the nobles:

Crown the Duke. He is most illustrious by his exploits, his nobility, his forces. The throne is not acquired by hereditary right; no one should be raised to it unless distinguished not only for nobility of birth, but for the goodness of his soul.[12]

He was elected and crowned rex Francorum at Noyon in Picardy on 3 July 987, by the prelate of Reims, the first of the Capetian house. Immediately after his coronation, Hugh began to push for the coronation of his son Robert. Hugh's own claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies harassing Borrel II of Barcelona, an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country necessitated two kings should he die while on expedition.[13] Ralph Glaber, however, attributes Hugh's request to his old age and inability to control the nobility.[14] Modern scholarship has largely imputed to Hugh the motive of establishing a dynasty against the pretension of electoral power on the part of the aristocracy, but this is not the typical view of contemporaries and even some modern scholars have been less sceptical of Hugh's "plan" to campaign in Spain.[14] Robert was eventually crowned on 25 December that same year.

Denier of Hugh Capet for Beauvais
Hugh Capet possessed minor properties near Chartres and Angers. Between Paris and Orléans he possessed towns and estates amounting to approximately 400 square miles (1,000 km2). His authority ended there, and if he dared travel outside his small area, he risked being captured and held for ransom, though his life would be largely safe.[citation needed] Indeed, there was a plot in 993, masterminded by Adalberon, Bishop of Laon and Odo I of Blois, to deliver Hugh Capet into the custody of Otto III. The plot failed, but the fact that no one was punished illustrates how tenuous his hold on power was. Beyond his power base, in the rest of France, there were still as many codes of law as there were fiefdoms. The "country" operated with 150 different forms of currency and at least a dozen languages.[citation needed] Uniting all this into one cohesive unit was a formidable task and a constant struggle between those who wore the crown of France and its feudal lords. Therefore, Hugh Capet's reign was marked by numerous power struggles with the vassals on the borders of the Seine and the Loire.

While Hugh Capet's military power was limited and he had to seek military aid from Richard I of Normandy, his unanimous election as king gave him great moral authority and influence. Adémar de Chabannes records, probably apocryphally, that during an argument with the Count of Auvergne, Hugh demanded of him: "Who made you count?" The count riposted: "Who made you king?".[15]

==links==
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Capet
* http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00020103&tree=LEO
* http://www.friesian.com/francia.htm#capet
* http://www.capedia.fr/

_P_CCINFO 2-2438

Data From Lynn Jeffrey Bernhard, 2445 W 450 South #4, Springville UT 84663-4950
email - (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX)

Ancestral File Number: 9G85-M2Capet, Hugh, King of France

Born: ABT 938
Acceded: 987
Died: 24 AUG 996, Paris, France
Interred: St. Denis,France

Father: Capet, Hugh the Great of Neustria, Count of Paris, b. CIR 895

Mother: , Edhilda

Married ABT 969 to , Adelaide of Poitou

Child 1: Capet, Robert II the Pious of France, King of France, b. 27 MAR972
[FAVthomas.FTW]

French Hugues Capet king of France from 987 to 996, and the first of adirect line of 14
Capetian kings of that country. The Capetian dynasty derived its namefrom his nickname (Latin capa, cape).
Hugh was the eldest son of Hugh the Great, duke of the Franks. On hisfather's death in 956, Hugh Capet inherited vast estates in the regionsof Paris and Orléans, extending in some places south of the Loire River.He thus became one of the most powerful vassals in the kingdom and aserious danger to the Carolingian king, Lothair. Hugh married Adelaide,daughter of William III, Duke d'Aquitaine, in 970, but his efforts toextend his influence into that southwestern kingdom were unsuccessful.From 978 to 986 Hugh was allied with the German emperors Otto II and OttoIII and with Adalbero, archbishop of Reims, in political intriguesagainst the Carolingian king. By 985 Hugh was actually the ruler in allbut title; and, after the brief reign of Lothair's son, Louis V(986/987), Hugh was elected king of France in May 987 by the assembly ofFrankish magnates. Adalbero was able to convince the magnates that thecrown was elective rather than hereditary and that Charles of Lorraine,the only legitimate Carolingian contender, was unfit to rule. Hugh wascrowned at Noyon on July 5, 987. Scholars are generally agreed thatHugh's election was not a revolutionary action. His grandfather Robert I,his great-uncle Eudes, and his uncle Rudolf (Raoul) had all earlier beennon-Carolingian kings.
Hugh's reign was marked by the unavailing efforts of Charles ofLorraine (imprisoned 991) to assert himself and by continual conflictbetween Eudes I, count of Blois, and Fulk Nerra of Anjou, whom Hugh latersupported. In 993 Eudes was aided by the bishop of Laon in anunsuccessful conspiracy to deliver Hugh and his son Robert over to OttoIII. That no one was punished for the incident indicated the weakness ofthe new Capetian dynasty. Hugh's crown was probably preserved by theinability of his enemies to coordinate their activities against him.
The Capetian dynasty's subsequent rule for more than 300 years hasinvested Hugh Capet's reign with a greater significance than his actualachievements merit. Very soon after ascending the throne, Hugh Capetarranged the coronation (December 987) of his own son, Robert, who uponHugh's death succeeded to the throne without difficulty. This practice ofcrowning the heir during the father's lifetime was continued by theCapetians until the time of Louis VII and undoubtedly contributed to thedynasty's stability and longevity.

To cite this page: "Hugh" Encyclopædia Britannica
<http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?idxref=291078>

[FAVthomas.FTW]

King of France, 987-996; Count of Poitou; Count of Orléans; First of theCapetian Kings of France.Hugh CAPET, French HUGUES CAPET (b. c. 938--d.Oct. 14, 996, Paris), first of a direct line of 14 Capetian kings ofFrance; his control over vast estates in the regions of Paris and Orléansassured his election to the throne in 987 by the assembly of Frankishmagnates.

Inheriting the title duke of the Franks from his father, Hugh the Great,in 956, Hugh Capet unsuccessfully tried to control Aquitaine in 970. From978 to 986 he was allied with the German emperors Otto II and Otto III,and with Adalbero, archbishop of Reims, in political intrigues againstthe Carolingian king Lothair. By 985 Hugh was actually the ruler in allbut title; and, after the brief reign of Lothair's son, Louis V(986-987), he was elected king in May 987. Adalbero was able to convincethe Frankish magnates that the crown was elective rather than hereditaryand that Charles of Lorraine, the only legitimate Carolingian contender,was unfit to rule. Hugh was crowned at Noyon on July 5, 987. Scholars aregenerally agreed that Hugh's election was not a revolutionary action. Hisgrandfather Robert I, his great-uncle Eudes, and his uncle Rudolf (Raoul)had all earlier been non-Carolingian kings.

Hugh's reign was marked by the unavailing efforts of Charles of Lorraine(imprisoned 991) to assert himself and by continual conflict betweenEudes I, count of Blois, and Fulk Nerra of Anjou, whom Hugh latersupported. In 993 Eudes was aided by the Bishop of Laon in anunsuccessful conspiracy to deliver Hugh and his son Robert over to OttoIII. That no one was punished for the incident indicated the weakness ofthe new Capetian dynasty. Hugh's crown was probably preserved by theinability of his enemies to coordinate their activities against him. Heassured the succession to his son, Robert II, by having him crowned onChristmas day, 987. [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD '97]

----------

For nearly nine centuries, the kings of France and many of the rulers ofthe most powerful fiefs in that country belonged to the family of Capet,and it mingled naturally with several of the other royal races of Europe.The original significance of the name remains in dispute, but the firstof the family to whom it was applied was Hugh, who was elected King ofFranks in 987. The house of Capet continued to rule in France from 987 to1328. The real founder of the house, however, was Robert the Strong, whoreceived from Charles the Bald, King of Franks, the courtships of Anjouand Blois, and who is sometimes called Duke, and he exercised somemilitary authority in the district between the Seine and the Loire.According to Aimoin of Saint Germain-de-Pres, and the chronicler, Richer,he was a Saxon, but historians question this statement. [Mrs (OscarHerbert) Elizabeth M. Leach Rixford, Families Directly Descended from Allthe Royal Families in Europe and Mayflower Descendants, Burlington,Vermont, 1932; reprinted for Clearfield Company, Inc. by GenealogicalPublishing Company, Inc. Baltimore, Maryland, 1992, 1993, p. 14]

_P_CCINFO 1-2782

Regarded as founder of the House of Capet

Hugo Capeto
Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre.
Ir para: navegação, pesquisa
Hugo Capeto
Rei dos Francos
Retrato ficcionado de Hugo Capeto, não existem representações contemporâneas deste monarca
Reinado 3 de Julho de 987 a
24 de Outubro de 996
Coroação 3 de Julho de 987,
Catedral de Noyon, França
Títulos Conde de Orleães
Conde de Paris
Duque dos francos
(956-987)
Nascimento 938
Sepultamento Basílica de Saint-Denis, França
Antecessor Luís V de França
Sucessor Roberto II de França
Consorte Adelaide de Poitiers
Filhos Gisela
Edwige (ou Hadwige)
Roberto II de França
Adelaide
Dinastia Capetiana
Pai Hugo, o Grande
Mãe Hedwige da Saxónia

Hugo Capeto (938 — 24 de Outubro de 996) foi rei dos francos de 987 a 996, o fundador da dinastia capetiana. Era filho de Hugo, o Grande, duque dos francos, e de Hedwige, ou Avoia, da Saxónia, filha de Henrique I da Saxónia, rei da Germânia.

Em 987, Hugo Capeto, então duque dos francos, tornou Paris na principal cidade do país e o poderio do ducado estendeu-se gradativamente a toda a França, durante o período de lutas civis que acompanhou as três primeiras Cruzadas. Homem de grandes
virtudes administrativas, não granjeou o poder por simpatias, mas sim por astúcia, força e o suborno.
Índice
esconder

* 1 O cognome
* 2 Ascensão ao poder
* 3 Coroação
* 4 Reinado
* 5 Conflito com o papado
* 6 Morte e posteridade
* 7 Casamento e descendência
* 8 Referências e bibliografia

editar O cognome

Existem várias hipóteses para explicar o cognome Capeto, que serviu para distinguir Hugo do seu pai. A etimologia popular segue a explicação de ser o rei da capa (chappet), uma vez que antes de ser rei já era abade, e os abades da época usavam um
a capa característica (em português: capelo, que por motivos semelhantes foi o cognome do rei Sancho II de Portugal).

Outras etimologias derivam dos termos para chefe (caput), zombador (capetus) ou cabeça grande (capillo).1 Pensa-se também que o cognome do seu pai foi atribuído depois da sua morte, a partir do latim Hugo Magnus, Hugo o Velho, sendo o seu filho H
ugo o Novo, e podendo Capeto ser uma invenção do século XII.2

editar Ascensão ao poder

Hugo Capeto era sobrinho-neto e neto, respectivamente, dos carolíngios Odo de Paris e Roberto I, os dois únicos reis dos francos eleitos. O seu sétimo avô por parte de sua avó Beatriz de Vermandois era Carlos Magno. Hugo pertencia então a uma fam
ília poderosa e com muitas ligações à nobreza reinante da Europa.3

Mas apesar disso, o seu pai nunca chegou a rei. Quando Raul I de França morreu em 936, Hugo Magno organizou o regresso de Luís de Ultramar, filho de Carlos III de França, do seu exílio na corte de Athelstane de Inglaterra. Não se sabe ao certo os
seus motivos, mas presume-se que agiu para evitar que o trono francês fosse atribuído a outros pretendentes: Hugo o Preto, o irmão de Raul e seu sucessor no ducado da Borgonha Herberto II de Vermandois e Guilherme I, duque da Normandia e conde d
e Ruão.24
Os reinos da Frância Ocidental (futura França) e da Frância Oriental (futura Alemanha) depois da dissolução do império de Carlos Magno

Quando seu pai, Hugo, o Grande, morreu em 16 de Junho de 956, Hugo Capeto, o mais velho de seus três filhos varões, era ainda menor. Foi colocado, juntamente com os seus dois irmãos, sob a tutela do seu tio materno, Bruno, duque de Lorena e arceb
ispo de Colónia.

Herdeiro do seu pai, e por isso um dos mais poderosos nobres do reino, tornou-se conde d'Orleães e abade laico das abadias de São Martinho de Tours, Saint-Germain-des-Prés e Saint-Denis. Em 960, o rei Lotário de França concedeu-lhe os títulos que
o seu pai detivera: duque dos francos e marquês de Nêustria. Era o nobre mais rico de seu tempo.

Os nobres dos territórios vizinhos aos de Hugo aproveitaram a oportunidade da sua menoridade. Teobaldo I de Blois, um antigo vassalo de Hugo Magno, tomou os territórios de Chartres e Châteaudun. Mais a sul, na fronteira do reino, Fulque II de Anj
ou, outro antigo cliente de o Grande, construiu um principado à custa de Hugo e da Bretanha.4

O reino em que Hugo viveu era bastante diferente da França actual. Os seus predecessores não se intitulavam reis de França, esse título só começaria a ser usado por Filipe o Belo (1285-1314). O reis usavam sim o título de rex Francorum (Rei dos F
rancos) e as terras que governavam eram apenas uma pequena parte do antigo Império Carolíngio.

As terras francas do leste, o Sacro Império Romano-Germânico, eram governadas pela dinastia otoniana, representada por Oto II, primo de Hugo, e depois pelo seu filho Oto III. As terras a sul do rio Loire tinham deixado de pertencer à Frância ocid
ental depois da deposição de Carlos III o Simples em 922. Os ducados da Normandia e da Borgonha eram na sua maioria independentes, apesar de desde 956 este último ser governado pelos irmãos de Hugo, Odo de Paris e Henrique, e a Bretanha era compl
etamente independente.235

De 978 a 986, Capeto aliou-se aos imperadores germânicos Oto II e Oto III e com o arcebispo Adalbarão de Reims para dominar o fraco rei Lotário. Já em 986, era na prática rei, apesar de não oficialmente.

editar Coroação
Catedral de Noyon, local da coroação de Hugo Capeto

O filho de Lotário, Luís V morreu subitamente em Maio de 987 sem deixar descendência. O seu parente mais próximo era Carlos da Baixa-Lotaríngia, seu tio, que não havia se associado ao reinado de seu irmão Lotário.

A 1 de Junho de 987, a alta nobreza do reino reuniu-se para discutir a sucessão do trono da França em Senlis. Adalbarão de Reims, que tinha previamente sido acusado de traição pelos reis Lotário e Luís V, fez um discurso em desfavor de Carlos da
Baixa-Lotaríngia e jurou em favor da candidatura de Hugo, duque dos francos, da linhagem dos robertianos (um ramo dos carolíngios).
...
Hugo Capeto
Coroem o duque. É ilustríssimo pelos seus feitos, sua nobreza, suas forças. O trono não é adquirido por direito hereditário ninguém deveria ser elevado a ele sem se distinguir não apenas pela nobreza do nascimento, mas pela bondade da sua alma.

...
Hugo Capeto

—Arcebispo Adalbarão de Reims

Influenciados pelo este, os aristocratas elegeram então Hugo, que foi coroado por Adalbarão pouco depois, no domingo de 3 de Julho de 987, na catedral de Noyon.

Capeto inaugurou a linhagem dos capetíngios, que duraria oito séculos, até 10 de Agosto de 1792, apesar de a dinastia capetiana directa ter sido interrompida em 1328, com a morte de Carlos IV de França.

editar Reinado

Imediatamente após a sua própria coroação, Hugo começou a fazer pressão para coroar também o seu filho Roberto, o que aconteceria pouco tempo depois, a 30 de Dezembro de 987. Para este efeito, argumentava que era importante para a estabilidade do
reino haver um segundo rei, para o caso de ele mesmo morrer em uma expedição que estava a planear contra os mouros que atacavam Borell II, conde de Barcelona, invasão que nunca chegou a realizar-se.
Mapa da França no século X 6

O cronista Rudolfo Glaber atribui esta solicitação de Hugo à idade avançada em que se encontrava e à sua incapacidade de controlar a nobreza. No entanto, historiadores modernos tendem a dar mais importância à vontade de o velho rei garantir o dir
eito de Roberto à successão e estabelecer uma dinastia, em oposição ao poder de a aristocracia eleger um novo rei. Na generalidade, os cronistas da época não parecem sustentar última esta teoria, e as dúvidas sobre as reais intenções de Hugo quer
er fazer ou não uma campanha na Península Ibérica mantêm-se até hoje.7 Até Filipe II de França, seria a regra da progenitura que se imporia, mas conservando-se a eleição pelos aristocratas.

Hugo Capeto possuía pequenas propriedades perto de Chartres e Anjou. Entre Paris e Orleães, possuía vilas e propriedades que somavam um total de aproximadamente 1.000 km². Sua autoridade acabava aí, e se viajasse fora dessa pequena área, poderia
ser capturado ou feito refém. Um assassinato era menos provável, por ter sido ungido por Deus como rei, mas não completamente fora de questão. De facto, em 993 houve um plano urdido pelo bispo de Laon e por Odo I de Blois para capturar Hugo Cape
to para Oto III da Germânia. O plano falhou, mas o fato que ninguém foi punido ilustra as limitações do seu poder.

Para além de sua base de poder, no restante da França, havia ainda muitos códigos de lei e campesinatos. O "país" operava com 150 moedas diferentes e pelo menos doze línguas. Unir esse todo em algo coerente era uma tarefa formidável e uma luta co
nstante entre aqueles que carregavam a coroa da França e seus senhores feudais. Como tal, o reinado de Hugo Capeto foi marcado por várias disputas pelo poder com vassalos às margens dos rios Sena e Loire.

Embora o poder de Hugo Capeto fosse limitado,8 e de ter dependido da ajuda militar de Ricardo I da Normandia, a sua eleição unânime como rei deu-lhe grande autoridade moral e influência.

editar Conflito com o papado
Catedral de Reims, reconstruída depois de um incêndio que arrasou a igreja que havia no local no tempo de Hugo Capeto. Pintura de Domenico Quaglio (século XIX)

Antes de morrer, o arcebispo Adalbarão de Reims deixou claro que pretendia ser sucedido por Gerbert d'Aurillac, mas em 998 Hugo aceitou a eleição do sobrinho do seu rival Carlos da Baixa-Lotaríngia, Arnulfo, para a posição. Não se sabe ao certo s
e com a ajuda ou a oposição do seu sobrinho, Carlos conseguiu então tomar Reims e Laon.
Gerbert d'Aurillac, futuro papa Silvestre II

Hugo considerou Arnulfo um traidor e exigiu a sua deposição ao papa João XV. Mas ainda antes de receber mensagem do papa, Capeto capturou tio e sobrinho, e convocou um sínodo em Reims em Junho de 991, que obedientemente depôs Arnulfo e escolheu G
erbert d'Aurillac como seu sucessor.

Estas acções foram repudiadas pelo papado, apesar de um segundo sínodo ratificar as decisões do primeiro. João XV convocou os bispos franceses para um sínodo independente, fora dos domínios de Hugo, em Aachen, para reconsiderarem. Quando estes se
recusaram, o papa convocou-os a Roma, mas estes protestaram a decisão, alegando insegurança no caminho e na cidade papal.

João XV enviou então um legado papal com instruções para convocar um concílio de bispos franceses e alemães em Mousson, ao qual apenas os segundos compareceram, tendo os primeiros sido impedidos por Hugo e Roberto. Depois de um grande esforço do
legado, a deposição de Arnulfo acabou por ser declarada ilegal. Depois da morte do rei, seria libertado do cativeiro e reinvestido de todas as suas dignidades, tendo inclusivamente coroado Hugo, o filho mais velho de Roberto II de França, na tra
dição dos primeiros reis capetianos de coroar o herdeiro ainda durante o reinado do pai.

editar Morte e posteridade

Doente de varíola, Hugo morreu em um sábado, 24 de Outubro de 996, com 55 anos de idade, no castelo de Juifs (ou Juy ou Juees), em Beauce, perto de Prasville, entre Chartres e Orleães.
Paris no século IX, pouco antes do reinado de Hugo Capeto

Em 1987, no milenário da coroação, pesquisas permitiram localizar um oppidum medieval em plena zona rural. Fotografias tiradas de avião confirmaram a presença no local de um antigo castelo feudal circundado por um sofisticado sistema de defesa. E
m escavações, os pesquisadores encontraram importantes peças que comprovam que o local foi habitado do século I ao século XIII. Em 1996 foi colocada uma placa comemorativa no local, que se tornou numa etapa dos circuitos histórico-turísticos orga
nizados pelo Castelo de Beauce.9

Sepultado na Basílica de Saint-Denis, foi sucedido pelo seu filho Roberto II de França.

A maioria dos historiadores considera a coroação de Hugo Capeto como o início da França moderna porque, como conde de Paris, fez desta cidade o seu centro de poder, e iniciou o longo processo de exercer o controlo do resto do país a partir desta
capital.

Foi também o fundador da dinastia capetiana. Os capetianos directos, ou a Casa de Capeto, governaram a França de 987 a 1328. Depois, o reino foi regido por ramos colaterais da dinastia. Todos os reis franceses até Luís Filipe, e os pretendentes a
o trono desde então, foram membros dessa família (excluindo a Casa de Bonaparte, imperadores e não reis). Dom Pedro I e Dom Pedro II, ambos Imperadores do Brasil, eram descendentes em linha masculina direta de Hugo Capeto, e portanto, faziam part
e também da dinastia capetiana.

Hoje em dia, esta dinastia ainda faz parte da árvore genealógica do reino da Espanha e do ducado do Luxemburgo, sendo a mais antiga dinastia continuamente no poder monárquico da Europa, e a segunda mais antiga do mundo, depois da família imperial
do Japão, com a linhagem documentada até ao ano 706 ou mesmo antes.

editar Casamento e descendência

Do seu casamento em 970 com Adelaide da Aquitânia (945-1004), filha de Guilherme III, conde de Poitiers e duque da Aquitânia, nasceram:10 11

1. Gisela de França (969 - c. 1000), casada em 970 com Hugo I de Abbeville (970 -?), conde de Ponthieu e Senhor de Abbeville.
2. Edwige de França, ou Hadwige (970-1013), casada em 996 com Ranier IV, conde de Hainaut, e depois com o conde Hugo III de Dasbourg.
3. Roberto II, o Piedoso (972-1031), seu sucessor no trono francês casado por três vezes, a 1ª em 988 com Rosália de Ivrea (937 - 1003), Senhora de Montreuil-sur-Mer, a 2ª em 997 com Berta da Borgonha (970 -?) e a 3 em 1002 com Constança de Ar
les (c. 986 - Melun, 25 de Julho de 1032), filha de Guilherme I de Arles (953 - 993) e de Adelaide Branca de Anjou (955 - 1026).
4. Adelaide de França (973-1068)

É relatada a existência de outros filhos, mas a veracidade dessa descendência é discutível.5 no entanto é possivel referir um filho de uma relação com N da Aquitania:

1. Guzlin, arcebispo de Bourges.

editar Referências e bibliografia
Commons
O Wikimedia Commons possui uma categoria contendo imagens e outros ficheiros sobre Hugo Capeto

1. ↑ Dictionnaire Universel d'Histoire et de Géographie (Bouillet et Chassang)
2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 The Origins of France: From Clovis to the Capetians 500-1000, Edward James, London: Macmillan, 1982 (ISBN 0312588623)
3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Les Carolingiens: Une famille qui fit l'Europe, Pierre Riché, Paris: Hachette, 1983. (ISBN 2-012-78551-0)
4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 Histoire du Moyen Âge français: Chronologie commentée 486-1453, Laurent Theis, Paris: Perrin, 1992 (ISBN 2-87027-587-0)
5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 La France au Moyen Âge du Ve au XVe siècle, Claude Gauvard, Paris: PUF, 1996 (ISBN 2-13-054205-0)
6. ↑ Dictionnaire raisonné de l'architecture française du XIe au XVIe siècle, Eugène Viollet-Le-Duc, 1856 (em francês)
7. ↑ Anticipatory Association of the Heir in Early Capetian France, Anthony W. Lewis, The American Historical Review, Vol. 83, N.º 4 (Outubro de 1978), págs 906-927 (em inglês)
8. ↑ A França sob Hugo Capeto de maneira simplificada (em francês) (a ver igualmente todos os reis da dinastia capetiana)
9. ↑ Terre de Beauce, une decouverte de la Beauce francaise (em francês)
10. ↑ La Descendance Capétienne (em francês) , recenseamento de todos os descendentes de Hugo Capeto até aos nossos dias
11. ↑ Reis da dinastia capetiana de França (em inglês)

Capet Coat of Arms - Hugh Capet 939 -996
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=ca54ca8e-34a7-4730-a4b1-f53b23073028&tid=5698773&pid=-1247460418

Capet, Hugh (939?-996), king of France 987-996; elected by nobles and prelates to succeed Louis V, last of the Carolingians; founded Capetian Dynasty

Hugh Capet 1
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=30a972b8-2a50-4bb7-9096-1bbefe9b162f&tid=261097&pid=-1815575194

Hughes Capet
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=bc4bfd15-a22a-4c3d-89e7-51b91016f2e3&tid=10145763&pid=-669739466

Hugo Capet, geb. winter 941 in Parijs, ovl. 24.10.0996 in Les Juifs bij Chartres, begraven in St-Denis, ref. nr. 02.03.2004 ES II-76 /-11, KdG17, INT.8,4,3 Graaf van Poitou, Orléans etc. 956, koning van Frankrijk, regeerde te Parijs 987/96. Na de laatste Karolinger werd Hugo door de "Groten" in 987 als koning gekozen. Vanaf hem laten de koningen hun oudste zoon nog tijdens hun leven tot koning kronen. Hij gaf het geslacht de naam Capet: met de capuchon, de lekenpei. Hij is de grondlegger van de dynastie, die regeerde tot de revolutie. [De directe Capetiner dynastie regeerde - daar altijd weer mannelijke erfgenamen voorhanden waren - van 987 tot 1328. Ook de daarop volgende huizen Valois 1328/1598 en Bourbon 1589/1792 , 1814, 1815/30 worden wel tot de Capetingers gerekend. Pas Lodewijk XIV bezigde in 1662 voor het eerst in officiële teksten de naam "Huis van Bourbon". De Franse revolutionairen noemden koning Lodewijk XVI "burger Louis Capet"]. Hij trouwde met Aelis van Poitou, ook bekend als Adela, Adelaide, Adelheid, getrouwd zomer 968.

Comte de Paris, Duc de France (956-987), King of France (987-996),
Hugues Capet est le petit-neveu et petit-fils des Robertiens Eudes et Robert Ier qui furent tous deux élus rois des Francs.

Son père, Hugues le Grand, meurt le 16 juin 956, et le jeune Hugues, l'aîné des trois fils du défunt duc, est encore mineur. Avec ses deux frères, ils sont mis sous la tutelle de leur oncle marternel Brunon, archevêque de Keulen.

En 960, il devient à son tour duc des Francs, marquis de Neustrie, et également comte d'Orléans et abbé laïc de Saint-Martin de Tours, de Marmoutiers, de Saint-Germain-des-Prés et de Saint-Denis.

Louis V, le roi carolingien meurt subitement en mai 987. Il n'a pas de fils. Son plus proche parent est Charles de Basse-Lotharingie, son oncle. Ce dernier n'avait pas été associé au règne de son frère Lothaire. Les Grands se réunissent pour discuter de la succession au trône de France à Senlis. L'archevêque Adalbéron de Reims qui avait été accusé de trahison par le roi Lothaire puis par son fils Louis V, prononce un discours en défaveur du Carolingien. Il plaide en faveur de la candidature d'Hugues, duc des Francs, issu du lignage des Robertiens. Les aristocrates élisent donc Hugues qui est sacré quelques jours plus tard, le 2 juillet 987, dans la cathédrale de Noyon. Le roi à la chape - de sa chape d'abbé - inaugure la dynastie des Capétiens, laquelle dure jusqu'en 1848.

En 988, le prétendant carolingien Charles de Basse-Lotharingie s'est rendu maïtre de Laon. Mais après trahison de l'évêque Adalbéron de Laon, celui-ci livre à Hugues Capet son compétiteur qui est emprisonné à Orléans en 991.

Hugues Capet fit élire et sacrer son fils aîné Robert quelques mois après sa propre élection, le 25 décembre 987. Jusqu'à Philippe II, c'est la règle de la primogéniture qui s'impose, tout en conservant l'élection par les aristocrates.

Atteint de la variole, il s’éteint le samedi 24 octobre 996 à l’âge de 55 ans dans sa résidence appelée "Les Juifs", en Beauce, près de Prasville entre Chartres et Orléans.
Certains historiens pensent effectivement qu'Hugues Capet serait mort le 24 octobre 996 à Prasville au chateau des juifs, le vrai nom de ce château étant Juy ou Juees en vieux français qui est devenu juif par déformation. En 1987 (millénaire du couronnement) des recherches ont permis de localiser l'oppidum médiéval en plein champs, au lieu-dit : petit Teillay. Des clichés pris d'avion ont confirmé la présence sur ce site d'une motte entourée d'un système de défense sophistiqué. Les chercheurs ont trouvé dans les labours d'importants restes prouvant que le site a été habité du 1° au XIII° siècle : un couteau, des fragments d'épées, un éperon du Xè siècle et un denier chartrain de 990 expertisé par la Bibliothèque Nationale.

Geboren in 941 - Paris Gestorven op 24 oktober 996 , leeftijd bij overlijden: 55 jaar oud

55456820. Konge Hugo I Capet HUGOSON av Frankrike was born in 938/39. (8037) He was a Hertug in 956.(8038) Ved fraens død fikk han hartugdømmet France, men kong Lothar måtte også la ham beholde hertugdømmet Burgund og enda overdra ham Aquitanien. He was a Konge between 987 and 996 in Frankrike. (8039) Etter Lothars død ble han 987 kronet til konge i Noyon He died on 24 Dec 996.(8040) He was married to Adelheid (Adele) WILHELMSDTR av Poitou/Guienne before 969.

Hugh Capet 1
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=30a972b8-2a50-4bb7-9096-1bbefe9b162f&tid=261097&pid=-1815575194

!SOURCES:
1. Americans of Royal Desc, Los Angeles Lib.
2. George: gen tables #22
3. Encyclopedia, Hugh Capet II
4. Adjusted by Wells F. Collett, 69 South 400 East, Kaysville, Utah, 2 Feb 1968
5. Falaise Roll, Tab 1 (GS #942 D2c)
6. Tab Sou Gen France pt 1, Tab V (GS #944 D22g)
7. Anderson's Royal Gen, Tab CCLXXII (GS #Q929.2 An 23r)
8. Plantagenet Ancestry p. 13, 14, 19 (GS #Q940 D2t)
9. Keiser und Koenig p. 96 (GS #Q940 D22L)
10. Americans of Royal Desc p. 452 (GS #Ref 973 D2ba)
11. Southworth Gen Southworth Ped (GS #929.273 So89w)
12. Bethamis Gen Tab. Tab CCLIV, DLXXII (GS #Q292.2 B465a)
13. Wurts' Magna Charta vol 1-2 p. 212, vol 5 p. 1155, vol 6 p. 1753 (GS #942 D22w) vol 3 p. 420

Seal to Parents: 21 DEC 1938
Ancestral File Number: 9G85-M2

REFN: R35
CORO: 0987Reims, (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX)@S1075@
[Duke of France; Count of Paris and Orleans. First of the
Capetian kings of France who were to reign more than 335
years. Proclaimed king in 987, after the death of Louis V. His
lands included the duchies of Guyene, Normandy, and Britanny
and the counties of Toulouse, Roussilon, Auvergne, Champagne,
Vermandois, Anjou and Flanders]
KINGY

CompuServe Roots Library: The Royal Sovereigns of the Kingdom of France

Grolier's Academic American Encyclopedia (1993):
Fawtier, Robert, Capetian Kings of France, trans. by Lionel Butler and R.J.
Adam (1960):
Hugh Capet, b. c. 938, d. Oct. 24, 996, king of France from 987, founded the
Capetian dynasty. The son of Hugh the Great (d. 956), count of Paris, he
intrigued against the Carolignian king Lothair (r. 954-86) and on the death
(987) of Lothair's son, Louis V, was elected king by the magnates. He then had
to contend with Charles, duke of lower Lorraine, the legitimate Carolingian
claimant who had been passed over. Charles was finally imprisoned in 991. To
ensure the succession, Hugh made his son Robert II (d. 1031) joint sovereign.

The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants; page 444

From THE RUFUS PARKS PEDIGREE by Brian J.L. Berry, chart pg 55.

Page 58:

In the hierarchy of Christian saints, Martin of Tours ranks high. This 4C soldier saint was serving in the Roman Army when the incident occurred which led to his conversion and ultimate sainthood. One winter day in gallic Amiens he was so appalled at the plight of a half-naked begger at the city gate, that he drew his sword, slashed his own cloak in two, gave one piece to the freezing beggar and wrapped in the rag. It was preserved for centuries in the oratory at Tours, and when Hugh, son of Hugh Magnus, became Duke of Franks and lay Abbout of St. Martin's, the nickname Capet (Cape=cape) was attributed to him.

11. HUGH CAPET, 939+-d. Paris 24 Oct. 996, lay Abbot of St. Martin of Tours and first king of the Capetian Dynasty. His successors ruled France in direct line of descent for more than 300 years. On his father's death he became Duke of Franks, inherited vast estates in the region of Paris and Orleans and became one of the most powerful vassels of the kingdom of France and a serious threat to its last two Carolingian rulers. He supported King Lothair in his effort to to wrest Lorraine away from Emperor Otto II in 978, but opposed Lothair later and his successor Louis V. On the latter's death in May 987, the Archbishop of Reims declared the crown elective rather than hereditary, persuading the nolbes to elect HUGH king. He was so proclamed in June and was crowned by the archbishop 3 July 987. Despite possession of the royal domain his position was not strong. He had to cope with belligerent vassals, buying their allegiance by enfeoffing them with territory, even when still involved in conflict with them. Soon after his election he arranges the election and coronation of his son Robert, who succeeded him without undue difficulty. Our descent is by way of a dau. EDITH. HUGH mar. ADELAIDE of Poitous, 945-c.1004, dau of WILLIAM I and III, Count of Poitou and Duke of Aquitaine and his wife GERLOC (ADELE).

!missing notes from Weis The Ancestal Roots of Sixty Colonists (53-20, 101-20, 106-20, 141-20)

Line 3701 from GEDCOM File not recognizable or too long:
NAME Hugh "Capet" King Of /FRANCE/

RESEARCH NOTES:
King of France (989-996)

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Original individual @P2447682835@ (@MS_NHFETTERLYFAMIL0@) merged with @P2689282758@ (@MS_NHFETTERLYFAMIL0@)
Original individual @P2447684307@ (@MS_NHFETTERLYFAMIL0@) merged with @P2308144562@ (@MS_NHFETTERLYFAMIL0@)
Hugh Capet, 938-996, King of France and founder of the Capetian dynasty,was the eldest son of Hugh the Great by his wife Hadwig. He marriedAdelaide, daughter of William III, Duke of Aquitaine.

[anc.regfilmer.FTW]

Name Suffix: King of France Ancestral File Number: 9G85-M2
!"The Lives of the Kings & Queens of France"by Duc De Castries,1979,p.56. "Royal Ancestors" by Michel Call, 1989, chart # 11408 # 11412, # 11425, # 11699. "WesternEurope in the Middle Ages, 300-1475" by Tierney, 1978. (King 987-996)

Tompsett(http://www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/cgi-bin/gedlkup/n=royal?royal05319) hasHugh as the son of Eadhild, not Hedwig.

From Encyclopedia Britannica Online, artitle titled "Hugh Capet:"

"French HUGUES CAPET king of France from 987 to 996, and the first ofa direct line of 14 Capetian kings of that country. The Capetiandynasty derived its name from his nickname (Latin capa, "cape"). Hughwas the eldest son of Hugh the Great, duke of the Franks. On hisfather's death in 956, Hugh Capet inherited vast estates in theregions of Paris and Orl?eans, extending in some places south of theLoire River. He thus became one of the most powerful vassals in thekingdom and a serious danger to the Carolingian king, Lothair. Hughmarried Adelaide, daughter of William III, Duke of Aquitaine, in 970,but his efforts to extend his influence into that southwestern kingdomwere unsuccessful. From 978 to 986 Hugh was allied with the Germanemperors Otto II and Otto III and with Adalbero, archbishop of Reims,in political intrigues against the Carolingian king. By 985 Hugh wasactually the ruler in all but title; and, after the brief reign ofLothair's son, Louis V (986-987), Hugh was elected king of France inMay 987 by the assembly of Frankish magnates. Adalbero was able toconvince the magnates that the crown was elective rather thanhereditary and that Charles of Lorraine, the only legitimateCarolingian contender, was unfit to rule. Hugh was crowned at Noyon onJuly 5, 987. Scholars are generally agreed that Hugh's election wasnot a revolutionary action. His grandfather Robert I, his great-uncleEudes, and his uncle Rudolf (Raoul) had all earlier beennon-Carolingian kings.

"Hugh's reign was marked by the unavailing efforts of Charles ofLorraine (imprisoned 991) to assert himself and by continual conflictbetween Eudes I, count of Blois, and Fulk Nerra of Anjou, whom Hughlater supported. In 993 Eudes was aided by the bishop of Laon in anunsuccessful conspiracy to deliver Hugh and his son Robert over toOtto III. That no one was punished for the incident indicated theweakness of the new Capetian dynasty. Hugh's crown was probablypreserved by the inability of his enemies to coordinate their activities against him."

"The Capetian dynasty's subsequent rule for more than 300 years hasinvested Hugh Capet's reign with a greater significance than hisactual achievements merit. Very soon after ascending the throne, HughCapet arranged the coronation (December 987) of his own son, Robert,who upon Hugh's death succeeded to the throne without difficulty. Thispractice of crowning the heir during the father's lifetime wascontinued by the Capetians until the time of Louis VII and undoubtedlycontributed to the dynasty's stability and longevity."
Original individual @P2447682835@ (@MS_NHFETTERLYFAMIL0@) merged with @P2447684307@ (@MS_NHFETTERLYFAMIL0@)
Original individual @P2447682835@ (@MS_NHFETTERLYFAMIL0@) merged with @P2203432702@ (@MS_NHFETTERLYFAMIL0@)

Hugh Capet (circa 938-96), king of France, and founder of the Capetiandynasty, son of Hugh the Great, count of Paris, whom he succeeded in956. His lordship over many fiefs around Paris and Orlans made himthe virtual His lordship over many fiefs around Paris and Orlans madehim the virtual ruler of France, and when King Louis V (born 966?) ofFrance, the last of the Carolingian line, died without an heir in 987,Hugh's numerous vassals enabled him to win the election to the throne,defeating the Carolingian candidate, Charles, duke of Lorraine(953-92). Charles and many other great nobles of the realm attemptedto resist his authority but, through force of arms and by judiciouspurchasing of allegiance, as well as through the support of thechurch, of which he was a devout member, Hugh established a measure oforder within his kingdom. He had his son, Robert the Pious (laterRobert II), elected and crowned his associate and successor in 988,thereby confirming the house of Capet, which ruled France until 1328.

Les Sources du Regne de Hughes Capet Revue Historique
Tome XXVIII Paris 1891, P. Violet

Hugo Capeto (938 — 24 de Outubro de 996) foi rei dos francos de 987 a 996, o fundador da dinastia capetiana. Era filho de Hugo, o Grande, duque dos francos, e de Hedwige, ou Avoia, da Saxónia, filha de Henrique I da Saxónia, rei da Germânia.
Em 987, Hugo Capeto, então duque dos francos, tornou Paris na principal cidade do país e o poderio do ducado estendeu-se gradativamente a toda a França, durante o período de lutas civis que acompanhou as três primeiras Cruzadas. Homem de grandes virtudes administrativas, não granjeou o poder por simpatias, mas sim por astúcia, força e o suborno.
No verbete Dinastia Capetiana: Hugo era denominado Capeto por causa da capa curta que sempre ostentava por ser abade secular em St. Martin de Tours. Como se tratava do mais importante vassalo de Luís V de França, Hugo conseguiu fazer-se eleger rei quando da morte de Luís, em 987.

Hugh Capet (circa 938-96), king of France, and founder of the Capetian
dynasty, son of Hugh the Great, count of Paris, whom he succeeded in 956.
His lordship over many fiefs around Paris and Orléans made him the virtual
ruler of France, and when King Louis V (born 966?) of France, the last of
the Carolingian line, died without an heir in 987, Hugh's numerous vassals
enabled him to win the election to the throne, defeating the Carolingian
candidate, Charles, duke of Lorraine (953-92). Charles and many other
great nobles of the realm attempted to resist his authority but, through
force of arms and by judicious purchasing of allegiance, as well as
through the support of the church, of which he was a devout member, Hugh
established a measure of order within his kingdom. He had his son, Robert
the Pious (later Robert II), elected and crowned his associate and
successor in 988, thereby confirming the house of Capet, which ruled
France until 1328.

Frankisk kung från 985. Capetingernas stamfader.

Hugo Capet (Fransk Hugues Capet) (ca 938 - 24. oktober 996) var fransk konge fra 987 til sin død i 996. Slektsnavnet ?Capet? kom av at Hugo, i egenskap av abbed for klosteret Saint-Martin de Tours og Saint-Germain des Prés, bar en kort frakk som ble kalt for Cappa.

Hugo, født i 938 i Paris, kom fra en mektig og innflytelsesrik adelsfamilie av frankisk bakgrunn, to familiemedlemmene hadde allerede sittet som konge av Frankrike på 800-900-tallet. Han var sønn av Hugo den store, greve av Paris, og Hedvig av Sachsen. Hans besteforeldre på farsiden var Robert I av Frankrike og Beatrix av Vermandois, datter av Herbert I av Vermandois. Hans besteforeldre på morssiden var Henrik I av Sachsen, også kalt for ?Henrik Fuglefangeren?, og Matilda av Ringelheim. Selv ønsket Hugo å bli lekmannsabbed og hadde i 980 forberedt å flytte helgenen Sankt Valérys relikvier til katedralen i Amiens. Han arvet sin fars land og ble således sin tids mektigste adelsmann.

Mellom år 978 og 986 maktet Hugo å opprettholde sin dominerende maktstilling mot den svake karolinske kongen Lothar III via en allianse med de tyske keiserne Otto II og Otto III og med biskop Adalbero av Reims. Allerede i 985 styrte Hugo riket som han var konge. Lothar og hans sønn døde i 987 og erkebiskopen i Reims overbeviste en gruppe adelsmenn til å velge Hugo Capet som den nye konge. Han ble kronet den 3. juli 987 i Noyon, Picardie og ble således stamfar til Huset Capet.

Hugo Capet eide noen mindre eiendommer i nærheten av Chartres og Anjou, og mellom Paris og Orléans kontrollerte han byer og gods på omkring 1 000 km?, men hans makt var innskrenket til dette området. Om han våget seg utenfor risikerte han å bli kidnappet eller drept. Et komplott for å kidnappe Hugo Capet for Otto IIIs regning ble planlagt av biskopen av Laon og Odo av Blois i 993.

Sammensvergelsen mislyktes, men det faktum at ingen ble straffet viser hvor begrenset hans maktposisjon var. I de øvrige Frankrike, utenfor hans kroneiendommer, eksisterte det like mange lover som det fantes grevskaper: bortimot 150 ulike pengeenheter og minst et dusin ulike språk. Å forene dette til ett sammenhengende rike betydde en farefull maktkamp mellom den franske kronen og landets føydalherrer, spesielt de i områdene i Seine og Loiredalen, og det ble Hugo Capets livsgjerning. Tilsettingen og deretter avsettingen av Arnulf, nevø av hertugen av Lorraine, som biskop av Reims (Arnulf hadde ikke gitt sin stemme til Hugo da han ble valgt som konge) ble en konflikt med konge og biskopene mot pave Johannes XV som ikke var løst ved Hugo Capets død.

Hans militære makt var begrenset og han måtte søke militær støtte hos Rikard I av Normandie, men ved at han var valgt som konge ga ham stor moralsk autoritet og innflytelse.

Han giftet seg i 970 med Adelheid av Aquitaine (952-1004), datter av hertug Vilhelm III av Aquitaine. Deres barn var:

Avoise (970-1013)
Robert II av Frankrike, født 27. mars 972, død 20. juli 1031.
Alice (974-1079)
Gilette (ca 976-?)
Gisela (ca 978-?), gift med Hugh I of Ponthieu.
Hugo Capet er begravd i Saint-Denis-basilikaen i Paris, men hans kiste forsvant under den franske revolusjonen. Han ble etterfulgt av sin sønn, Robert II av Frankrike.

En fait Rex francorum (roi des Francs). La première appellation Rex Franciae date de Philippe II ; la généralisation, de Louis IX. Couronné le 3 juillet 987 à Noyon. Fait couronner son fils Robert en décembre 987.

- King of France, Count of Paris, Poitou, and Orleans. Hereditary Abbot of St. Martin & St. Denis.

Capet, Hugh (939?-996), king of France 987-996; elected by nobles and prelates to succeed Louis V, last of theCarolingians; founded Capetian Dynasty
For more information see the Our Folk - Hart family Web Site

from "Our Folk" by Albert D Hart, Jr.

Hugo Capet från Svenska Wikipedia

GJ, wik.

Ur Wikipedia (sv.wikipedia.org):
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Hugo Capet (född: ca 940 i Paris, död: 24 oktober 996) kung av
Frankrike 987-996. Äldsta sonen till Hugo den store och Hedvig av
Sachsen. Släktnamnet "Capet" kom av att Hugo, i egenskap av abbot
för klostren Saint-Martin de Tours och Saint-Germain des Prés, bar
en kort rock, som kallas för Cappa.

Hugo föddes i en mäktig, adlig familj varav två medlemmar redan
innehaft den franska tronen under 8-900-talen. Som vill egentligen
bli lekmanna-abbot och hade 980 förberett flytten av helgonet
Saint Valérys reliker till katedralen i Amiens. Han ärvde sin fars
land och blev sin tids mäktigaste adelsman.

Mynt slaget av Hugo Capet.Mellan 978 och 986 lyckades Hugo
upprätthålla sin dominerande maktställning gentemot den svage
karolingiske kungen Lothar III genom allianser med de tyska
kejsarna Otto II och Otto III och med biskop Adalbero av Reims.
Redan 985 regerade Hugo riket som om han vore kung. Lothar och
hans son dog 987 och ärkebiskopen i Reims övertygande en grupp
adelsmän att välja Hugo Capet som ny kung. Han kröntes 3 juli 987
i Noyon, Picardie och blev stamfader för den capetingiska ätten.

Hugo capet hade några mindre egendomar i närheten av Chartres och
Anjou och mellan Paris och Orléans kontrollerade han städer och
gods på omkring 1 000 km². Hans makt inskränkte sig till detta
område och om han vågade sig utanför det riskerade han att bli
kidnappad och till och med mördad. Och en komplott att kidnappa
Hugo för Otto III:s räkning anstiftades faktiskt av biskopen i
Laon och Odo av Blois 993.

Visserligen misslyckades denna sammansvärjning men blott det
faktum att ingen straffades för den visar hur begränsad Hugos
maktställning var. I Frankrike utanför denna kronodomän fanns lika
många lagar som det fanns förläningar; omkring 150 olika valutor
och åtminstone ett dussin språk. Att förena detta till ett
sammanhängande rike innebar en riskfylld maktkamp mellan den
franska kronan och landets feodalherrar, i synnerhet dem i Seine-
och Loiredalen, och den arbetsuppgiften blev Hugo Capets
livsgärning.

Tillsättningen och därefter avsättningen (han "valde fel kung" vid
Hugo makttillträde för vilket han fängslades) av Arnulf till
ärkebiskop i Reims ledde till en konflikt, mellan å ena sidan
kungen och biskoparna och å andra påven Johannes XV, som kvarstod
vid Hugos död 996.

Hugo Capet är begravd i Saint-Denis-basilikan i Paris men hans
kista försvann under den franska revolutionen.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
(slut ur Wikipedia)

GJ=Gary Jacobson www.garyjacobson.org/ahnentafel.html

wik. = Ur Wikipedia (sv.wikipedia.org):

KING OF FRANCE 987-996 (BECAME KING 5/987, PROCLAIMED KING AT NOYON 7/1/987,
CONSECRATED 7/5/987); COUNT OF PARIS 956-996; 1ST CAPETIAN KING; DIED
(POSSIBLY) OF SMALLPOX

Hugh Capet (c. 938-996), king of France, son of Hugh the Great, duke of Francia and count of Paris. The origin of the Capetian house is obscure. It may probably be traced to Teutonic stock. In his early years Duke Hugh was a kind of mayor of the palace to the Caroling kings; but in 987, on the death of Caroling Lothair, he was elected king. Hugh�s reign was not remarkable. He laid, however, the foundations of a dynasty which endured uninterrupetedly for more than 800 years. [World Wide Illustrated Encyclopedia, 1935]

King of France 987-996.

31st great grandfather

!SOURCES:
1. Americans of Royal Desc, Los Angeles Lib.
2. George: gen tables #22
3. Encyclopedia, Hugh Capet II
4. Adjusted by Wells F. Collett, 69 South 400 East, Kaysville, Utah, 2 Feb 1968
5. Falaise Roll, Tab 1 (GS #942 D2c)
6. Tab Sou Gen France pt 1, Tab V (GS #944 D22g)
7. Anderson's Royal Gen, Tab CCLXXII (GS #Q929.2 An 23r)
8. Plantagenet Ancestry p. 13, 14, 19 (GS #Q940 D2t)
9. Keiser und Koenig p. 96 (GS #Q940 D22L)
10. Americans of Royal Desc p. 452 (GS #Ref 973 D2ba)
11. Southworth Gen Southworth Ped (GS #929.273 So89w)
12. Bethamis Gen Tab. Tab CCLIV, DLXXII (GS #Q292.2 B465a)
13. Wurts' Magna Charta vol 1-2 p. 212, vol 5 p. 1155, vol 6 p. 1753 (GS #942 D22w) vol 3 p. 420

545px-France_Ancient
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=7d3dccef-63fd-4311-8a08-27a38d095517&tid=10145763&pid=-669739466

Hughes Capet
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=bc4bfd15-a22a-4c3d-89e7-51b91016f2e3&tid=10145763&pid=-669739466

545px-France_Ancient
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=7d3dccef-63fd-4311-8a08-27a38d095517&tid=10145763&pid=-669739466

SOURCE NOTES:
www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/cgi-bin/gedlkup/n=royal?royal02463

!SOURCES:
1. Americans of Royal Desc, Los Angeles Lib.
2. George: gen tables #22
3. Encyclopedia, Hugh Capet II
4. Adjusted by Wells F. Collett, 69 South 400 East, Kaysville, Utah, 2 Feb 1968
5. Falaise Roll, Tab 1 (GS #942 D2c)
6. Tab Sou Gen France pt 1, Tab V (GS #944 D22g)
7. Anderson's Royal Gen, Tab CCLXXII (GS #Q929.2 An 23r)
8. Plantagenet Ancestry p. 13, 14, 19 (GS #Q940 D2t)
9. Keiser und Koenig p. 96 (GS #Q940 D22L)
10. Americans of Royal Desc p. 452 (GS #Ref 973 D2ba)
11. Southworth Gen Southworth Ped (GS #929.273 So89w)
12. Bethamis Gen Tab. Tab CCLIV, DLXXII (GS #Q292.2 B465a)
13. Wurts' Magna Charta vol 1-2 p. 212, vol 5 p. 1155, vol 6 p. 1753 (GS #942 D22w) vol 3 p. 420

!SOURCES:
1. Americans of Royal Desc, Los Angeles Lib.
2. George: gen tables #22
3. Encyclopedia, Hugh Capet II
4. Adjusted by Wells F. Collett, 69 South 400 East, Kaysville, Utah, 2 Feb 1968
5. Falaise Roll, Tab 1 (GS #942 D2c)
6. Tab Sou Gen France pt 1, Tab V (GS #944 D22g)
7. Anderson's Royal Gen, Tab CCLXXII (GS #Q929.2 An 23r)
8. Plantagenet Ancestry p. 13, 14, 19 (GS #Q940 D2t)
9. Keiser und Koenig p. 96 (GS #Q940 D22L)
10. Americans of Royal Desc p. 452 (GS #Ref 973 D2ba)
11. Southworth Gen Southworth Ped (GS #929.273 So89w)
12. Bethamis Gen Tab. Tab CCLIV, DLXXII (GS #Q292.2 B465a)
13. Wurts' Magna Charta vol 1-2 p. 212, vol 5 p. 1155, vol 6 p. 1753 (GS #942 D22w) vol 3 p. 420
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Släktnamnet "Chapet" kom av att Hugo, i egenskap av Abbot för klostret Saint-Martine de
Tours och Saint Germain des Prés, bar en kort rock, som kallades för Cappa.

Hogo föddes i en mäktig ,adlig familj varav två var medlemmar och redan innehaft den Franska
tronen under 800-900 talet. Han ville egentligen bli lekman-Abbot och hade år 980 förberett
flytten av helgonrt Saint Valérys relik till katedralen i Amiens. Han ärvde då sin faders land och
blev sin tids mäktigaste adelsman i Frankrike.

He ruled from 987 to 996.

House of Capet in France starts with Hugh Capet
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=90c14b9b-f934-4953-a902-856ff027e2da&tid=7412207&pid=-1098979566

BIOGRAPHY
King of France and founder of the Capetingian dynasty, Hugues was the eldest son of Hugues 'the Great', duke of The Franks, comte de Paris, and his third wife Hadewich von Sachsen. When his father died in 956, he succeeded to his numerous fiefs around Paris and Orléans. His cousin, the Frankish king Lothair, recognised him somewhat reluctantly as duke of the Franks.

Many of the counts in northern France did homage to Hugues as their overlord, and Richard I, duke of Normandy, was both his vassal and his brother-in-law. The authority of Hugues extended over certain districts south of the Loire, and owing to his intervention Lothair was obliged to recognise Hugues' brother Henri as duke of Burgundy. Hugues Capet supported his royal suzerain when Lothair and Emperor Otto II fought for the possession of Lorraine. However Hugues was chagrined at the king's conduct in making peace in 980, and went to Rome to conclude an alliance with Otto.

Laying more stress upon independence than upon loyalty, Hugues appears to have acted haughtily toward Lothair, and also towards Lothar's son and successor, Louis V. However, neither king was strong enough to punish this powerful vassal. When Louis V died without children in May 987, both Hugues and the late king's uncle, Charles, duke of Lorraine, were candidates for the vacant throne. In this contest Hugues had as his champions Adelberon, archbishop of Reims, and Gerbert, afterwards Pope Sylvester II. Their energy prevailed; declaring the Frankish crown to be an elective and not a hereditary dignity, Adelberon secured the election of his friend and crowned him, probably at Noyon, in July 987. Charles of Lorraine was not prepared to bow before his successful rival; before Hugues had secured the coronation of his son Robert as his colleague and successor in December 987, Charles found allies and attacked the king. Hugues had the worst of the earlier part of the struggle and was in serious straits until he was saved by his partisan Adelberon, who in 991 treacherously seized Charles and handed him over to the king.

This capture virtually ended the wars, but one of its side issues was a quarrel between Hugues and Pope John XV, who was supported by the Holy Roman Empire, then under the rule of the empress Theophano Skleraina as regent for her son, the young Emperor Otto III.

The origin of Hugues' name of Capet, which was also applied to his father, has been the subject of some discussion. It is derived from the Latin 'Capa', or 'Cappa', a cape; but whether Hugues derived it from the cape, which he wore as abbot of St. Martin's, or from his youthful habit of seizing capes, or from some other cause, is unknown.

The identification of his wife as 'of Aquitaine' or 'of Poitou' is erroneous; her parentage is unknown. She was identified as 'of Aquitaine' solely on the basis of a charter, which survives only in a 14th-century _vidimus_ (literally, 'we have seen'), in which a woman of Aquitaine named Adela appears with a husband whose name is actually given as Ebles. Louis Halphen and Ferdinand Lot, the editors of the 'vidimus', assumed that this Adela must be Hugues Capet's wife and arbitrarily changed 'Ebles' to 'Hugues'.

(See Constance Bouchard, _Eleanor's Divorce from Louis VII. The Uses of Consanguinity_, in _Eleanor of Aquitaine, Lord and Lady_, editors Bonnie Wheeler and John Parsons (New York, Palgrave, 2002) pages 223-235.)

Hugues_capet
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=03f3dddc-1583-4902-a647-4afac26bd9d4&tid=5698773&pid=-1247460418

!BIRTH: "Royal Ancestors" by Michel Call - Based on Call Family Pedigrees FHL
film 844805 & 844806, Family History Library, Salt Lake City, UT. Copy of
"Royal Ancestors" owned by Lynn Bernhard, Orem, UT.

!King of France

Data From Lynn Jeffrey Bernhard, 2445 W 450 South #4, Springville UT 84663-4950
email - (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX)

He ruled from 987 to 996.

Mellan 978 och 986 lyckades Hugo upprätthålla sin dominerande ställning gentemot den
svage Karolingiske Kungen Lothar III genom alianser med tyska kejsar Otto II och Otto III och
med Biskop Adalbero av Reims. Redan år 985 reagerade Hugo som han vore Kung. Lothar
och hans son dog år 987 och Ärkebiskopen i Riems övertygade en grupp adelsmän om att
välja Hugo Capet som ny Kung. Han Kröntes den 3 juni år 987 till Kung i Noyon,Picardie och
blev stamfader för Capetingiska ätten.

Hugo Capet hade några mindre egendommar i närheten av Chartres och Anjou, mellan Paris
och Orléans kontrollerade han städer och gods på omkring 1 000 kvm. Hans makt inskrängte
sig till detta område och om han vågade sig utanför detta område riskerade han att bli mördad.
En komplott att kidnappa Hugo för Otto III:s räkning planerades av Biskopen i Laon och Odo
av Blois år 993.

Visserligen misslyckades denna sammansvärjning men blott det faktum att ingen straffades för
den visar hur begränsad Hugos maktställning var. I Frankrike fanns på den tiden utanför
denna kronodomän, lika många lagar som det fanns förläningar. Omkring 150 olika valutor och
åtminstone ett dissin språk. Att förena detta sammanhängande rike mellan Franska kronan och
landets feodalherrar, i synnerhet i dem i Siene och Loiredalen. Den arbetsuppgifte blev Hugos
livsgärning.

Tillsättningen och avsättningen (han "valde fel kung" vid Hugos makttillträde för vilken han
fängslades) av Arnulf till Biskopen i Reims ledde till konflikt,mellan å ena sidan Kungen och
Biskoparna och å andra sidan Påven Johannas XV, som kvarstod vid Hugos död år 996.

Hugo begravdes i Saint Denis Basilikan i Paris som flera av hans efterlevande. Kistan försvann
vid den Franska revolutionen.

CompuServe Roots Library: The Royal Sovereigns of the Kingdom of France

Grolier's Academic American Encyclopedia (1993):
Fawtier, Robert, Capetian Kings of France, trans. by Lionel Butler and R.J.
Adam (1960):
Hugh Capet, b. c. 938, d. Oct. 24, 996, king of France from 987, founded the
Capetian dynasty. The son of Hugh the Great (d. 956), count of Paris, he
intrigued against the Carolignian king Lothair (r. 954-86) and on the death
(987) of Lothair's son, Louis V, was elected king by the magnates. He then had
to contend with Charles, duke of lower Lorraine, the legitimate Carolingian
claimant who had been passed over. Charles was finally imprisoned in 991. To
ensure the succession, Hugh made his son Robert II (d. 1031) joint sovereign.

The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants; page 444

!SOURCES:
1. Americans of Royal Desc, Los Angeles Lib.
2. George: gen tables #22
3. Encyclopedia, Hugh Capet II
4. Adjusted by Wells F. Collett, 69 South 400 East, Kaysville, Utah, 2 Feb 1968
5. Falaise Roll, Tab 1 (GS #942 D2c)
6. Tab Sou Gen France pt 1, Tab V (GS #944 D22g)
7. Anderson's Royal Gen, Tab CCLXXII (GS #Q929.2 An 23r)
8. Plantagenet Ancestry p. 13, 14, 19 (GS #Q940 D2t)
9. Keiser und Koenig p. 96 (GS #Q940 D22L)
10. Americans of Royal Desc p. 452 (GS #Ref 973 D2ba)
11. Southworth Gen Southworth Ped (GS #929.273 So89w)
12. Bethamis Gen Tab. Tab CCLIV, DLXXII (GS #Q292.2 B465a)
13. Wurts' Magna Charta vol 1-2 p. 212, vol 5 p. 1155, vol 6 p. 1753 (GS #942 D22w) vol 3 p. 420

King of France

1 NAME Capet //
2 GIVN Capet
2 SURN
2 NICK Capet

1 NAME Hugh Capet of /France/ 2 SOUR S033320 3 DATA 4 TEXT Date of Import: Jan 17, 2001 1 BIRT 2 DATE 941 2 PLAC of, Paris, Seine, France 2 SOUR S033320 3 DATA 4 TEXT Date of Import: Jan 17, 2001 1 DEAT 2 DATE 24 OCT 986 2 PLAC Les Juifs, near Chartres, France 2 SOUR S033320 3 DATA 4 TEXT Date of Import: Jan 17, 2001

[De La Pole.FTW]
Sources: RC 134, 244; Coe, AF; Kraentzler 1161. 1171, 1181, 1202, 1218, 1258, 1290, 1492, 1515; The Franks; Pfafman, The Horizon Concise History of France, Ancestral Roots 53, 101, 106, 141; P of W; Roberts/Reitwiesner; Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants; Carolingian Ancestry. Roots: Hugh Capet, King of France 987-996, Count of Poitou, Count of Orleans. First of the Capetian kings of France. B. winter 941, died 24 Oct. 996. Count of Paris, 956-996, and of Poitou and Orleans. He founded the Capetian Dynasty that lasted almost 900 years. Born late 941. He was the first king of France to speak only Romance (French). K: Hughes Capet, Duke de France, de Paris, King of France. Also Count de Orleans and Paris, King of France. Roberts/Reitwiesner: Hugh Capet, King of France, died 996.

Descents: Hugh Capet, King of France, died 996. Carolingian: Hugh Capet, King of the West Franks, died 996. No wife listed.

CompuServe Roots Library: The Royal Sovereigns of the Kingdom of France

Grolier's Academic American Encyclopedia (1993):
Fawtier, Robert, Capetian Kings of France, trans. by Lionel Butler and R.J.
Adam (1960):
Hugh Capet, b. c. 938, d. Oct. 24, 996, king of France from 987, founded the
Capetian dynasty. The son of Hugh the Great (d. 956), count of Paris, he
intrigued against the Carolignian king Lothair (r. 954-86) and on the death
(987) of Lothair's son, Louis V, was elected king by the magnates. He then had
to contend with Charles, duke of lower Lorraine, the legitimate Carolingian
claimant who had been passed over. Charles was finally imprisoned in 991. To
ensure the succession, Hugh made his son Robert II (d. 1031) joint sovereign.

The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants; page 444

Capet, family name of the dynasty of kings that ruled France from 987 to 1328. In 987, on the death of Louis V, the last of the Carolingian kings of France, Hugh Capet, duke of France and count of Paris, was elected king by the nobility and the clergy. The feudal domain of the Capet family was Île de France, the area around Paris. The Capetian kings greatly strengthened the royal power in France by insisting on the principles of heredity, primogeniture, and indivisibility of crown lands. Shortly after Hugh became king, he had his son Robert crowned as Robert II (known as the Pious). Hugh appointed Robert his associate, and this practice of the father having his eldest son rule with him was followed until the late 12th century. The greatest of the Capetian kings were Philip II Augustus, Louis IX (St. Louis), and Philip IV. The dynasty secured direct overlordship of almost all France by the process of incorporating additional fiefs, large and small, with their own territories. In 1328, when Charles IV died without male heirs, the Capetians were succeeded by the Valois, a younger branch of the family, which ruled France until 1589."Capet," Microsoft (R) Encarta. Copyright (c) 1994 Microsoft Corporation. Copyright (c) 1994 Funk & Wagnall's Corporation.

Ancestral Roots of Certain american Colonists, 7th Ed, Weis (line 53)

Hugues Capet est le fondateur de la dynastie des Capétiens qui

King Hugh Capet
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=915f6a55-3be1-4835-9349-94d2f3a628c9&tid=7047470&pid=857280705

Hugh Capet-938-24 Aug 996 Paris, France
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=ca3e59ed-0fda-4e63-980e-d3626da7a9b4&tid=7047470&pid=857280705

hugh king of France
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=a092fd4a-d1f5-4841-aaf8-6877a285edca&tid=9784512&pid=-484775201

SOURCES
1) Aschehougs Konversasjons Leksikon, Bind 9

1 NAME Capet //
2 GIVN Capet
2 SURN
2 NICK Capet

1 NAME Hugh Capet of /France/ 2 SOUR S033320 3 DATA 4 TEXT Date of Import: Jan 17, 2001 1 BIRT 2 DATE 941 2 PLAC of, Paris, Seine, France 2 SOUR S033320 3 DATA 4 TEXT Date of Import: Jan 17, 2001 1 DEAT 2 DATE 24 OCT 986 2 PLAC Les Juifs, near Chartres, France 2 SOUR S033320 3 DATA 4 TEXT Date of Import: Jan 17, 2001

[De La Pole.FTW]
Sources: RC 134, 244; Coe, AF; Kraentzler 1161. 1171, 1181, 1202, 1218, 1258, 1290, 1492, 1515; The Franks; Pfafman, The Horizon Concise History of France, Ancestral Roots 53, 101, 106, 141; P of W; Roberts/Reitwiesner; Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants; Carolingian Ancestry. Roots: Hugh Capet, King of France 987-996, Count of Poitou, Count of Orleans. First of the Capetian kings of France. B. winter 941, died 24 Oct. 996. Count of Paris, 956-996, and of Poitou and Orleans. He founded the Capetian Dynasty that lasted almost 900 years. Born late 941. He was the first king of France to speak only Romance (French). K: Hughes Capet, Duke de France, de Paris, King of France. Also Count de Orleans and Paris, King of France. Roberts/Reitwiesner: Hugh Capet, King of France, died 996.

Descents: Hugh Capet, King of France, died 996. Carolingian: Hugh Capet, King of the West Franks, died 996. No wife listed.

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Voorouders (en nakomelingen) van Hugues Capet

Robert de Robertiens
866-923

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Hugues Capet
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Robert II Capet 972-1031	Hedwige (Avoie) de France ± 969-± 1013	Guerinfrey d'Aumale 964-1061	Gisela de France 970-????

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Over de familienaam Capet

- King of France, Count of Paris, Poitou, and Orleans. Hereditary Abbot of St. Martin & St. Denis. Capet, Hugh (939?-996), king of France 987-996; elected by nobles and prelates to succeed Louis V, last of theCarolingians; founded Capetian Dynasty
For more information see the Our Folk - Hart family Web Site