Genealogie Wylie » Edward "The Black Prince" of (Edward "The Black Prince" of) England [[Ch-Wikibio++]] sss (1330-1376)

Persoonlijke gegevens Edward "The Black Prince" of (Edward "The Black Prince" of) England [[Ch-Wikibio++]] sss 

• Ook bekend als 1st Duke of /Cornwall/, Edward of Woodstock.
• Roepnaam Edward "The Black Prince" of.
• Hij is geboren op 15 juni 1330 in Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire, England.Bron 2
• Hij is overleden op 8 juni 1376 in Westminster, Middlesex, England, hij was toen 45 jaar oud.Bron 2
• Hij is begraven in Father of King Richard II.
• Een kind van Edward III Plantagenet King of England en Philippa d' Avesnes
• Deze gegevens zijn voor het laatst bijgewerkt op 24 februari 2023.

Gezin van Edward "The Black Prince" of (Edward "The Black Prince" of) England [[Ch-Wikibio++]] sss

(1) Hij is getrouwd met Joan "Plantagenet" England.

Zij zijn getrouwd op 10 oktober 1361, hij was toen 31 jaar oud.Bron 3

Kind(eren):

1. Edward of Angouleme Plantagenet  -1372

(2) Hij is getrouwd met Joan Plantagenet.

Zij zijn getrouwd op 10 oktober 1361 te 3rd husband, hij was toen 31 jaar oud.Bron 1

Kind(eren):

1. Edward Of Angouleme  1364-????
2. Richard II "Plantagenet" King of England  

Notities over Edward "The Black Prince" of (Edward "The Black Prince" of) England [[Ch-Wikibio++]] sss

[Encyclopaedia Britannica CD, 1996, EDWARD, THE BLACK PRINCE]

Edward THE BLACK PRINCE, also called EDWARD OF WOODSTOCK, PRINCED'AQUITAINE, PRINCE OF WALES, DUKE OF CORNWALL, EARL OF CHESTER (b. June15, 1330, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, Eng.--d. June 8, 1376, Westminster,near London), son and heir apparent of Edward III of England and one ofthe outstanding commanders during the Hundred Years' War, winning hismajor victory at the Battle of Poitiers (1356). His sobriquet, said tohave come from his wearing black armour, has no contemporaryjustification and is found first in Richard Grafton's Chronicle ofEngland (1568).

Edward was created Earl of Chester (March 1333), Duke of Cornwall(February 1337)--the first appearance of this rank in England--and Princeof Wales (May 1343); he was Prince of Aquitaine from 1362 to 1372. Hisfirst campaign was served under his father in northern France (1346-47),and at the Battle of Crécy (Aug. 26, 1346) he won both his spurs and thefamous ostrich plumes and with them the mottoes used by himself andsubsequent princes of Wales, homout; ich dene ("Courage; I serve"; thewords are here spelled as Edward himself wrote them; later variantsinclude houmout and ich dien or ich diene). One of the original Knightsof the Garter, he was sent to France with independent command in 1355,winning his most famous victory over the French at Poitiers on Sept. 19,1356. The French king John II, brought captive to England, was treated bythe prince with a celebrated courtesy, but he was obligated to pay aransom of 3,000,000 gold crowns and to negotiate the treaties of Brétignyand Calais (1360) by which Aquitaine was ceded to the English.

Edward married his cousin Joan, the divorced and widowed Countess ofKent, in October 1361. He was created Prince of Aquitaine in July 1362and left England in 1363 to take up his duties. His powers and hisopportunities were great, but his rule was a failure, and he himself waslargely to blame. His court at Bordeaux, that of a foreign conqueror, wasextravagant; the 13 sénéchaussées into which the principality was dividedadministratively followed their earlier French pattern and allowed localFrench loyalties to subsist; his relations with the many bishops wereunfriendly, while the greater nobles, Arnaud-Amanieu, sire d'Albret,Gaston II, Count de Foix, and Jean I, Count d'Armagnac, were hostile. Hesummoned several estates, or parliaments, but always to levy taxes. In1367 he undertook to restore Peter the Cruel of Castile to his throne,and though he won a classic victory at Nájera on April 3, 1367, thecampaign ruined his health, his finances, and any prospect of sound rulein Aquitaine, where, in 1368, the nobles and prelates appealed againsthim to Charles V of France as suzerain. Edward's reply to the Frenchking's citation to answer the appellants before the parlement of Paris inMay 1369 is well known--he would appear with 60,000 men at his back. Hehad, however, alienated the towns and peasantry as well as the nobles;and by March 1369 more than 900 towns, castles, and strong places haddeclared against him. Relying on mercenaries whom he could not afford topay, he was powerless to quell the revolt, and the terrible sack ofLimoges (October 1370) merely redounded to his discredit. He returned toEngland a sick and broken man in January 1371 and formally surrenderedhis principality to his father in October 1372, alleging that therevenues of the country were insufficient to defray his expenses. He hadno successor as Prince of Aquitaine.

Edward's position in England, where, throughout his life, he was heirapparent, was that of a typical 14th-century magnate. The registers ofhis household from 1346 to 1348 and from 1351 to 1365 have survived andadd to what is known of him from the chroniclers and from his biographer,the herald of Sir John Chandos. In one important respect all of thesesources paint the same picture, that of a man constantly living beyondhis means. His generosity, however, extended to his tenants as well as tohis knightly companions, and faithful service was rewarded, as in 1356when the ferry of Saltash was granted to William Lenche, who had lost aneye at Poitiers.

The prince visited Chester in 1353 and again in 1358. Cheshire furnishedmany of his archers, who wore a rudimentary uniform of a short coat andhat of green and white cloth with the green on the right. Despite histitle, however, Edward did not visit Wales.

He appears to have shared the interests of his class--jousting, falconry,hunting, gaming. He was literate and conventionally pious, substantiallyendowing a religious house at Ashridge (1376). He had the customary finepresence of the Plantagenets and shared their love of jewels. The BlackPrince's ruby in the present imperial state crown may or may not havebeen given to him by King Peter of Castile after the Battle of Nájera,but he would certainly have prized it, as a connoisseur. Similar artisticinterest is shown in his seals, adorned with their ostrich feathers, andin the elegant gold coins that he issued as Prince of Aquitaine.

The last five years of the prince's life are obscure. Some contemporariessuggest that he supported the Commons when political discontentculminated in the Good Parliament of April 1376; but he knew he wasdying, and he was probably seeking the best means to ensure thesuccession of his second--but only surviving--son, Richard of Bordeaux(afterward Richard II). Edward was buried at Canterbury, where his tombwith his accoutrements, restored and renovated, still stands.

Alias: The /Black/

[Encyclopaedia Britannica CD, 1996, EDWARD, THE BLACK PRINCE]
Edward THE BLACK PRINCE, also called EDWARD OF WOODSTOCK, PRINCE
D'AQUITAINE, PRINCE OF WALES, DUKE OF CORNWALL, EARL OF CHESTER (b. June
15,1330, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England--d. June 8, 1376, Westminster,
near London), son and heir apparent of Edward III of England and one of
the outstanding commanders during the Hundred Years' War, winning his
major victory at theBattle of Poitiers (1356). His sobriquet, said to
have come from his wearingblack armour, has no contemporary
justification and is found first in Richard Grafton's Chronicle of
England (1568).
Edward was created Earl of Chester(March 1333), Duke of Cornwall
(February 1337)--the first appearance of thisrank in England--and Prince
of Wales (May 1343); he was Prince of Aquitaine from 1362 to 1372. His
first campaign was served under his father in northernFrance (1346-47),
and at the Battle of Crécy (Aug. 26, 1346) he won both hisspurs and the
famous ostrich plumes and with them the mottoes used by himselfand
subsequent princes of Wales, homout; ich dene ("Courage; I serve"; the
words are here spelled as Edward himself wrote them; later variants
includehoumout and ich dien or ich diene). One of the original Knights
of the Garter, he was sent to France with independent command in 1355,
winning his most famous victory over the French at Poitiers on Sept. 19,
1356. The French king John II, brought captive to England, was treated by
the prince with a celebrated courtesy, but he was obligated to pay a
ransom of 3,000,000 gold crowns and to negotiate the treaties of Brétigny
and Calais (1360) by which Aquitainewas ceded to the English.
Edward married his cousin Joan, the divorced and widowed Countess of
Kent, in October 1361. He was created Prince of Aquitaine inJuly 1362
and left England in 1363 to take up his duties. His powers and his
opportunities were great, but his rule was a failure, and he himself was
largely to blame. His court at Bordeaux, that of a foreign conqueror, was
extravagant; the 13 sénéchaussées into which the principality was divided
administratively followed their earlier French pattern and allowed local
French loyalties to subsist; his relations with the many bishops were
unfriendly, whilethe greater nobles, Arnaud-Amanieu, sire d'Albret,
Gaston II Count de Foix, and Jean I Count d'Armagnac, were hostile. He
summoned several estates, or parliaments, but always to levy taxes. In
1367 he undertook to restore Peter theCruel of Castile to his throne,
and though he won a classic victory at Nájera on April 3, 1367, the
campaign ruined his health, his finances, and any prospect of sound rule
in Aquitaine, where, in 1368, the nobles and prelates appealed against
him to Charles V of France as suzerain. Edward's reply to the French
king's citation to answer the appellants before the parlement of Parisin
May 1369 is well known--he would appear with 60,000 men at his back. He
had, however, alienated the towns and peasantry as well as the nobles;
and byMarch 1369 more than 900 towns, castles, and strong places had
declared against him. Relying on mercenaries whom he could not afford to
pay, he was powerless to quell the revolt, and the terrible sack of
Limoges (October 1370) merely redounded to his discredit. He returned to
England a sick and broken manin January 1371 and formally surrendered
his principality to his father in October 1372, alleging that the
revenues of the country were insufficient to defray his expenses. He had
no successor as Prince of Aquitaine.
Edward's position in England, where, throughout his life, he was heir
apparent, was that of a typical 14th-century magnate. The registers of
his household from 1346 to1348 and from 1351 to 1365 have survived and
add to what is known of him from the chroniclers and from his biographer,
the

Note: He was also know as "the Black Prince".

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