Arbre généalogique Ingerman » Charles II "The Bald" of France (823-877)

Données personnelles Charles II "The Bald" of France 

• Le surnom est The Bald.
• Il est né le 13 juin 823 dans Frankfurt-Am-Main (Present Hessen-Nassau), Austrasia (Present Germany), Frankish Empire.
• Titre: King of the Franks
• Titre: Western Emperor
• (Source URL) : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_the_Bald.
• Il est décédé le 6 octobre 877 dans Brides-Les-Bains, Trois Vallees, Savoie, France, il avait 54 ansDied In A Pass At Mont Cenis.
• Il est enterré apres 6 octobre 877 dans Saint-Denis, Seine, France.
• Un enfant de Louis of France et Judith of Bavaria
• Cette information a été mise à jour pour la dernière fois le 13 avril 2021.

Famille de Charles II "The Bald" of France

(1) Il est marié avec Ermentrude of Orleans.

Ils se sont mariés en l'an 842, il avait 18 ans.

Enfant(s):

1. Louis II of France  846-879 
2. Judith [wife of Baldwin I] of Flanders  ± 843-± 870 

(2) Il est marié avec Richilde of Provence.

Ils se sont mariés en l'an 870, il avait 46 ans.

Notes par Charles II "The Bald" of France

Charles the Bald[1] (13 June 823 – 6 October 877), Emperor of the Romans (875–877, as Charles II) and King ofWest Francia (840–877), was the youngest son of the Emperor Louis the Pious by his second wife Judith.
Struggle against his brothers
He was born on 13 June 823 in Frankfurt, when his elder brothers were already adults and had been assigned their own regna,or sub kingdoms, by their father. The attempts made by Louis the Piousto assign Charles a subkingdom, first Alemannia and then the country between the Meuse and the Pyrenees (in 832, after the rising of PepinI of Aquitaine) were unsuccessful. The numerous reconciliations with the rebellious Lothair and Pepin, as well as their brother Louis the German, King of Bavaria, made Charles's share in Aquitaine and Italy only temporary, but his father did not give up and made Charles the heir of the entire land which was once Gaul and would eventually be France. At a diet near Crémieux in 837, Louis the Pious bade thenobles do homage to Charles as his heir. This led to the final rising of his sons against him and Pepin of Aquitaine died in 838, whereupon Charles received that kingdom, finally once and for all. Pepin's son Pepin II would be a perpetual thorn in his side.
The death of the emperor in 840 led to the outbreak of war between his sons. Charles allied himself with his brother Louis the German to resist the pretensions of the new emperor Lothair I, and the two allies defeated Lothair at the Battle of Fontenay-en-Puisaye on June 25, 841. In the following year, the two brothers confirmed their alliance by the celebrated Oaths of Strasbourg. The war was brought to an end by the Treaty of Verdun in August 843. The settlement gave Charles the Bald the kingdom of the West Franks, which he had been up till then governing and which practically corresponded with what is now France,as far as the Meuse, the Saône, and the Rhône, with the addition ofthe Spanish March as far as the Ebro. Louis received the eastern partof the Carolingian Empire, known as the East Francia and later Germany. Lothair retained the imperial title and the Iron Crown of Lombardy. He also received the central regions from Flanders through the Rhineland and Burgundy as king of Middle Francia.
Reign in theWest
The first years of Charles's reign, up to the death of Lothair I in 855, were comparatively peaceful. During these years the three brothers continued the system of "confraternal government", meeting repeatedly with one another, at Koblenz (848), at Meerssen (851), and at Attigny (854). In 858, Louis the German, invited by disaffected nobles eager to oust Charles, invaded the West Frankish kingdom. Charles was so unpopular that he was unable to summon an army, and he fled to Burgundy. He was saved only by the support of the bishops, who refused to crown Louis king, andby the fidelity of the Welfs, who were related to his mother, Judith.In 860, he in his turn tried to seize the kingdom of his nephew,Charles of Provence, but was repulsed. On the death of his nephew Lothair II in 869, Charles tried to seize Lothair's dominions, but by the Treaty of Mersen (870) was compelled to share them with Louis the German.
Besides these family disputes, Charles had to struggleagainst repeated rebellions in Aquitaine and against the Bretons. Ledby their chiefs Nomenoë and Erispoë, who defeated the king at Ballon (845) and Juvardeil (851), the Bretons were successful in obtaining a de facto independence. Charles also fought against the Vikings, who devastated the country of the north, the valleys of the Seine and Loire, and even up to the borders of Aquitaine. Several times Charles was forced to purchase their retreat at a heavy price.Charles led various expeditions against the invaders and, by the Edict of Pistres of 864, made the army more mobile by providing for a cavalry element, the predecessor of the French chivalry so famous during the next 600 years. By the same edict, he ordered fortified bridges to be put up at all rivers to block the Viking incursions.Two of these bridges at Paris saved the city during its siege of 885–886.
Reign as emperor
In 875, after the death of the Emperor Louis II (son of his half-brother Lothair), Charles the Bald,supported by Pope John VIII, traveled to Italy, receiving the royal crown at Pavia and the imperial insignia in Rome on December 29.Louis the German, also a candidate for the succession of Louis II,revenged himself by invading and devastating Charles' dominions, and Charles had to return hastily to Francia. After the death of Louis the German (28 August 876), Charles in his turn attempted to seize Louis's kingdom, but was decisively beaten at Andernach on October 8,876. In the meantime, John VIII, menaced by the Saracens, was urging Charles to come to his defence in Italy. Charles again crossed the Alps, but this expedition was received with little enthusiasm by the nobles, and even by his regent in Lombardy, Boso, and they refused tojoin his army. At the same time Carloman, son of Louis the German,entered northern Italy. Charles, ill and in great distress, started on his way back to Gaul, but died while crossing the pass of Mont Cenis at Brides-les-Bain, on 6 October 877.
According to the Annals of St-Bertin, Charles was hastily buried at the abbey ofNantua, Burgundy because the bearers were unable to withstand the stench of his decaying body. He was to have been buried in theBasilique Saint-Denis and may have been transferred there later. It was recorded that there was a memorial brass there that was melted down at the Revolution.
Charles was succeeded by his son, Louis.Charles was a prince of education and letters, a friend of the church, and conscious of the support he could find in the episcopate against his unruly nobles, for he chose his councilors from among the higher clergy, as in the case of Guenelon of Sens, who betrayed him, and of Hincmar of Reims.
Baldness
It has been suggested that Charles was not in fact bald, but that his epithet was applied ironically—that, in fact, he was extremely hairy. In support of this idea is the fact that none of his enemies commented on what would be an easy target. However, none of the voluble members of his court comments on his being hairy; and the Genealogy of Frankish Kings, a text from Fontanelle dating from possibly as early as 869,and a text without a trace of irony, names him as Karolus Caluus("Charles the Bald"). Certainly, by the end of the 10th century, Richier of Reims and Adhemar of Chabannes refer to him inall seriousness as "Charles the Bald".[2]
An alternative or additional interpretation is based on Charles' initial lack of aregnum. "Bald" would in this case be a tongue-in-cheek reference to his landlessness, at an age where his brothers alreadyhad been sub-kings for some years.[3]

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Barre chronologique Charles II "The Bald" of France

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