Arbre généalogique Den Hollander en Van Dueren den Hollander » Robert "Robert the Devil" de Montgomery comte de Ponthieu, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury and Arundel (± 1052-1131)

Données personnelles Robert "Robert the Devil" de Montgomery comte de Ponthieu, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury and Arundel 

  • Autre nom: Robert II de Montgomerie
  • Le surnom est Robert the Devil.
  • Il est né environ 1052St Germain de Montgomery
    Normandy France.
  • Il a été baptisé dans St Martin of Sees.
  • Professions:
    • unknown dans Earl Normandy.
    • unknown dans Count of Alencon.
    • Comte, d'Hiesmes, de Shrewsbury, Sieur, de Bellême, de Sées, d'Alençon, d'Arondel.
    • unknown dans Seigneur de Belleme.
    • unknown dans Count of Alencon.
    • unknown dans Count of Ponthieu.
    • unknown dans Count of Montreuil.
    • unknown dans Seigneur de Alencon.
    • unknown dans Earl Of Arundel.
    • unknown dans Earl Of Shrewsbury.
    • 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury, Comte, d'Hiesmes, de Shrewsbury, Sieur, de Bellême, de Sées, d'Alençon, d'Arondel, 3rd Earl of Shrewsberry, AKA "Robert of Bellême" and "Robert II de Montgommery, seigneur of Bellême".
  • Il est décédé le 8 mai 1131 dans Castle WarehamEngland.
  • Il est enterré dans Wareham CastleCorfe Castle
    England.
  • Un enfant de Roger II "The Great" de Montgomery et Mabel 'l'Empoisonneuse' de Talvas
  • Cette information a été mise à jour pour la dernière fois le 28 novembre 2019.

Famille de Robert "Robert the Devil" de Montgomery comte de Ponthieu, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury and Arundel

Il est marié avec Agnès d'Abbeville.

Ils se sont mariés le 9 septembre 1087.


Enfant(s):

  1. Guillaume de Bellêùe  ± 1090-1171 


Notes par Robert "Robert the Devil" de Montgomery comte de Ponthieu, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury and Arundel

GIVN Robert II
SURN von Alencon
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #3804
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #3804
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #3804
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 13:17:36
GIVN Robert " De Bellême " Earl
SURN von Shrewsbury
NSFX Earl of Shrewsbury 3rd
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #0163
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #0163
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #0163
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 13:17:51
GIVN Robert II
SURN von Alencon
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #3804
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #3804
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #3804
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 13:17:36
GIVN Robert " De Bellême " Earl
SURN von Shrewsbury
NSFX Earl of Shrewsbury 3rd
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #0163
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #0163
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #0163
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 13:17:51
Source #1: Weis, p. 101 - 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury, Seigneur of Belleme, Domfront and Alencon.

Source #2: Complete Peerage, XI, pp. 682-689 - he was the elder brother and heir, being the 2nd but 1st surviving son and heir of the first Earl by his first wife. Bapt at St. Martin of Sees.
Name Suffix: Ii;Earl Shrewbry
ROBERT OF BELLÊME, EARL OF SHREWSBURY, was one of the most powerful Anglo-Norman magnates of the second generation after the Conquest. Son of Roger of Montgomery, first earl of Shrewsbury, he had already acquired large estates in Normandy and Maine before his father's death in 1094 when he received, as the elder surviving son, the patrimonial lands in the duchy. In 1098, on the death of his younger brother Hugh, hereceived the extensive Marcher earldom of Shrewsbury and the family property in Sussex, to which Robert added the Midland fief of Tickhill by purchase and the county of Ponthieu by marriage. He thus controlledlands stretching from the Somme estuary and northern Maine, through Normandy, southern England to the Midlands and into Wales. He personified a Norman 'Empire' linked rather than divided by the Channel. In Rufus's reign he was notorious for two things: his cruelty and his interest in military architecture, both useful attributes for a man in his position. If his power was spectacular, so was his fall. Robert had supported Robert Curthose for the English throne in 1088 and, although hehad formally accepted Henry I in 1100, retained this loyalty, possibly calculating that his own power would be the greater under the ineffectual Curthose. In 1102, all his English lands were confiscated afteran abortive attempt to resist Henry, who, unable to trust Robert, haddetermined to destroy him. The rest of Robert's political career was spent in Normandy, his opposition to Henry persisting even after Curthose's defeat in 1106. In 1112 Henry lost patience. Robert was arrestedand incarcerated, first in Normandy, then, from 1113, at Wareham in Dorset. There he spent the rest of his life, hidden from view except for a reference in the Pipe Roll of 1130 to payments for his maintenance and clothing. The Wheel of Fortune had come round. His grandfather had been a minor ducal official in Normandy. Through good marriages, the patronage of William the Conqueror, and their own predatory instincts, the family had reached the highest rung of the nobility. Their rise had been spotted with blood, of their opponents and subjects; sometimes their own: Robert's mother, Mabel, had been brutally murdered; his brother Hugh killed by a viking on a raid to Anglesey. The ascent and destruction of Robert's family provides an object lesson in how Anglo-Norman politics worked away from the sanitized niceties of government bookkeeping. [Source: Who's Who in Early Medieval England, Christopher Tyerman, Shepheard-Walwyn, Ltd., London, 1996
ROBERT OF BELLÊME, EARL OF SHREWSBURY, was one of the most powerful Anglo-Norman magnates of the second generation after the Conquest. Son of Roger of Montgomery, first earl of Shrewsbury, he had already acquired large estates in Normandy and Maine before his father's death in 1094 when he received, as the elder surviving son, the patrimonial lands in the duchy. In 1098, on the death of his younger brother Hugh, hereceived the extensive Marcher earldom of Shrewsbury and the family property in Sussex, to which Robert added the Midland fief of Tickhill by purchase and the county of Ponthieu by marriage. He thus controlledlands stretching from the Somme estuary and northern Maine, through Normandy, southern England to the Midlands and into Wales. He personified a Norman 'Empire' linked rather than divided by the Channel. In Rufus's reign he was notorious for two things: his cruelty and his interest in military architecture, both useful attributes for a man in his position. If his power was spectacular, so was his fall. Robert had supported Robert Curthose for the English throne in 1088 and, although hehad formally accepted Henry I in 1100, retained this loyalty, possibly calculating that his own power would be the greater under the ineffectual Curthose. In 1102, all his English lands were confiscated afteran abortive attempt to resist Henry, who, unable to trust Robert, haddetermined to destroy him. The rest of Robert's political career was spent in Normandy, his opposition to Henry persisting even after Curthose's defeat in 1106. In 1112 Henry lost patience. Robert was arrestedand incarcerated, first in Normandy, then, from 1113, at Wareham in Dorset. There he spent the rest of his life, hidden from view except for a reference in the Pipe Roll of 1130 to payments for his maintenance and clothing. The Wheel of Fortune had come round. His grandfather had been a minor ducal official in Normandy. Through good marriages, the patronage of William the Conqueror, and their own predatory instincts, the family had reached the highest rung of the nobility. Their rise had been spotted with blood, of their opponents and subjects; sometimes their own: Robert's mother, Mabel, had been brutally murdered; his brother Hugh killed by a viking on a raid to Anglesey. The ascent and destruction of Robert's family provides an object lesson in how Anglo-Norman politics worked away from the sanitized niceties of government bookkeeping. [Source: Who's Who in Early Medieval England, Christopher Tyerman, Shepheard-Walwyn, Ltd., London, 1996
ROBERT OF BELLÊME, EARL OF SHREWSBURY, was one of the most powerful Anglo-Norman magnates of the second generation after the Conquest. Son of Roger of Montgomery, first earl of Shrewsbury, he had already acquired large estates in Normandy and Maine before his father's death in 1094 when he received, as the elder surviving son, the patrimonial lands in the duchy. In 1098, on the death of his younger brother Hugh, hereceived the extensive Marcher earldom of Shrewsbury and the family property in Sussex, to which Robert added the Midland fief of Tickhill by purchase and the county of Ponthieu by marriage. He thus controlledlands stretching from the Somme estuary and northern Maine, through Normandy, southern England to the Midlands and into Wales. He personified a Norman 'Empire' linked rather than divided by the Channel. In Rufus's reign he was notorious for two things: his cruelty and his interest in military architecture, both useful attributes for a man in his position. If his power was spectacular, so was his fall. Robert had supported Robert Curthose for the English throne in 1088 and, although hehad formally accepted Henry I in 1100, retained this loyalty, possibly calculating that his own power would be the greater under the ineffectual Curthose. In 1102, all his English lands were confiscated afteran abortive attempt to resist Henry, who, unable to trust Robert, haddetermined to destroy him. The rest of Robert's political career was spent in Normandy, his opposition to Henry persisting even after Curthose's defeat in 1106. In 1112 Henry lost patience. Robert was arrestedand incarcerated, first in Normandy, then, from 1113, at Wareham in Dorset. There he spent the rest of his life, hidden from view except for a reference in the Pipe Roll of 1130 to payments for his maintenance and clothing. The Wheel of Fortune had come round. His grandfather had been a minor ducal official in Normandy. Through good marriages, the patronage of William the Conqueror, and their own predatory instincts, the family had reached the highest rung of the nobility. Their rise had been spotted with blood, of their opponents and subjects; sometimes their own: Robert's mother, Mabel, had been brutally murdered; his brother Hugh killed by a viking on a raid to Anglesey. The ascent and destruction of Robert's family provides an object lesson in how Anglo-Norman politics worked away from the sanitized niceties of government bookkeeping. [Source: Who's Who in Early Medieval England, Christopher Tyerman, Shepheard-Walwyn, Ltd., London, 1996
Early life

Robert's first notable act, as a young man, was to take part in the 1077 revolt of the young Robert Curthose against William the Conqueror, an act he shared with many other Norman nobles of his generation. The rebellion was put down, and the participants pardoned. William did require that ducal garrisons be placed in the important baronial castles, which would make future rebellion much more difficult.

Robert's mother Mabel was killed in 1082, whereupon Robert inherited her property which stretched across the hilly border region between Normandy and Maine. It is due to this early inheritance that Robert has come be known as of Bellême rather than of Montgomery.

William the Conqueror died in 1087, and Robert's first act on hearing the news was to expel the ducal garrisons from his castles. Robert Curthose was the new duke of Normandy, but he was unable to keep order, and Robert of Bellême had a free hand to make war against his less powerful neighbours.

[edit] Rebellion of 1088

The next year in the Rebellion of 1088, Odo of Bayeux rebelled in an attempt to place Curthose on the English throne in place of William Rufus. At Curthose's request Robert went to England, where he joined in the rebels' defence of Rochester Castle. The rebels were permitted to leave after the surrender of the castle and failure of the rebellion.

Robert returned to Normandy. But Odo had preceded him, had gotten the ear of the duke, and convinced Curthose that Robert was a danger to the security of the duchy. Thus Robert was arrested and imprisoned upon his disembarkation. (The duke's younger brother Henry, who was on the same ship, was also arrested.)

Robert's father Earl Roger came over from England, and, taking over his son's castles, defied Curthose. The duke captured several of the castles, but he soon tired of the matter and released Robert.

Once released, Robert returned to his wars and depredations against his neighbours in southern Normandy. He did help Curthose in putting down a revolt by the citizens of Rouen, but his motive seems to have been in large part to seize as many wealthy townspeople and their goods as possible. Curthose in turn subsequently helped Robert is some of his fights againsts his neighbours.

In 1094 one of Robert's most important castles, Domfront, was taken over by the duke's brother Henry (later Henry I of England), who never relinquished it and was to be an enemy of Robert for the rest of his life.

Later that year (1094) Robert's father earl Roger died. Robert's younger brother Hugh of Montgomery, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury inherited the English lands and titles, while Robert inherited his father's Norman properties, which included good part of central and southern Normandy, in part adjacent to the Bellême territories he had already inherited from his mother.

In 1098 Robert's younger brother Hugh died, and Robert inherited the English properties that had been their father's, including the Rape of Arundel and the Earldom of Shrewsbury.

Robert was one of the great magnates who joined Robert Curthose's 1101 invasion of England, along with his brothers Roger the Poitevin and Arnulf of Montgomery and his nephew William of Mortain. This invasion, which aimed to depose Henry I, ended in the Treaty of Alton. The treaty called for amnesty for the participants but allowed traitors to be punished. Henry had a series of charges drawn up against Robert in 1102, and when Robert refused to answer for them, gathered his forces and besieged and captured Robert's English castles. Robert lost his English lands and titles (as did his brothers), was banished from England, and returned to Normandy.

He was one of Curthose's commanders at the Battle of Tinchebrai and by flight from the field avoided being captured as Curthose was. With Normandy now under Henry's rule, he submitted and was allowed to retain his Norman fiefs. But after various conspiracies and plans to free Curthose, Robert was seized and imprisoned in 1112. He spent the rest of his life in prison; the exact date of his death is not known.

Robert had a quick wit, was a good military leader and was perhaps the best castle designer of his generation, but he had a terrible reputation as a cruel sadist.

[edit] Family and children

Robert married Agnes of Ponthieu, by whom he had one child, William III of Ponthieu, who via his mother inherited the county of Ponthieu.
[s2.FTW]

[Brøderbund WFT Vol. 2, Ed. 1, Tree #1241, Date of Import: May 8, 1997]

!EARL OF SHREWSBURY[Brøderbund WFT Vol. 2, Ed. 1, Tree #1241, Date of Import: May 8, 1997]

!EARL OF SHREWSBURY
Robert de Belleme - was born about 1039 in Perche, France and died in 1119 . He was the son of Roger de Montgomery and Mabel Talvas de Alencon.
Robert married Countess Agnes of Ponthieu. Countess Agnes was born about 1066 in France. She is the daughter of Count Guy I of Ponthieu.

Robert - - Earl of Arundel.
Robert de Belleme, Earl of Shrewsbury, whose chief strongholds were in the Welsh Marches, was an exceptionally sadistic man and not popular with the English people. Although he lost several castles in the process, Henry successfully expelled Robert de Belleme with enthusiastic support.
(http://www.renderplus.com/hartgen/htm/montgomery.htm)

Robert inherited Alcenon in Normandy from his father. His brother, Hugh, inherited the English lands, but when Hugh died without an heir in 1098, Robert succeeded to the, becoming Earl of Arundel and Shrewsbury. All of his English honors and estates were forfeited to the Crown when he was exiled in 1102.
Robert - - Earl of Arundel.

Robert de Belleme, Earl of Shrewsbury, whose chief strongholds were in the Welsh Marches, was an exceptionally sadistic man and not popular with the English people. Although he lost several castles in the process, Henry successfully expelled Robert de Belleme with enthusiastic support.

Robert inherited Alcenon in Normandy from his father. His brother, Hugh, inherited the English lands, but when Hugh died without an heir in 1098, Robert succeeded to the, becoming Earl of Arundel and Shrewsbury. All of his English honors and estates were forfeited to the Crown when he was exiled in 1102.
http://www.renderplus.com/hartgen/htm/montgomery.htm
[elen.FTW]

[Brøderbund WFT Vol. 3, Ed. 1, Tree #4579, Date of Import: Jun 15, 2003]

Robert II de Belleme, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury, Seigneur of Belleme, Domfront and Alencon.
Robert of Bellême, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Robert de Bellême, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury (1052–after 1130), also spelled Belleme or Belesme, was an Anglo-Norman nobleman, and one of the most prominent figures in the competition for the succession to England and Normandy between the sons of William the Conqueror. He also known as Robert II de Montgommery, seigneur of Bellême.

He was the eldest son of Roger of Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and Mabel of Bellême.

Contents [hide]
1 Early life
2 Rebellion of 1088
3 Family and children
4 References

[edit] Early life
Robert's first notable act, as a young man, was to take part in the 1077 revolt of the young Robert Curthose against William the Conqueror, an act he shared with many other Norman nobles of his generation. The rebellion was put down, and the participants pardoned. William did require that ducal garrisons be placed in the important baronial castles, which would make future rebellion much more difficult.

Robert's mother Mabel was killed in 1082, whereupon Robert inherited her property which stretched across the hilly border region between Normandy and Maine. It is due to this early inheritance that Robert has come be known as of Bellême rather than of Montgomery.

William the Conqueror died in 1087, and Robert's first act on hearing the news was to expel the ducal garrisons from his castles. Robert Curthose was the new duke of Normandy, but he was unable to keep order, and Robert of Bellême had a free hand to make war against his less powerful neighbours.

[edit] Rebellion of 1088
The next year in the Rebellion of 1088, Odo of Bayeux rebelled in an attempt to place Curthose on the English throne in place of William Rufus. At Curthose's request Robert went to England, where he joined in the rebels' defence of Rochester Castle. The rebels were permitted to leave after the surrender of the castle and failure of the rebellion.

Robert returned to Normandy. Odo had preceded him, had obtained the confidence of the duke, and convinced Curthose that Robert was a danger to the security of the duchy. Thus Robert was arrested and imprisoned upon his disembarkation. (The duke's younger brother Henry, who was on the same ship, was also arrested.)

Robert's father Earl Roger came over from England, and, taking over his son's castles, defied Curthose. The duke captured several of the castles, but he soon tired of the matter and released Robert.

Once released, Robert returned to his wars and depredations against his neighbours in southern Normandy. He did help Curthose in putting down a revolt by the citizens of Rouen, but his motive seems to have been in large part to seize as many wealthy townspeople and their goods as possible. Curthose in turn subsequently helped Robert is some of his fights againsts his neighbours.

In 1094 one of Robert's most important castles, Domfront, was taken over by the duke's brother Henry (later Henry I of England), who never relinquished it and was to be an enemy of Robert for the rest of his life.

Later that year (1094) Robert's father earl Roger died. Robert's younger brother Hugh of Montgomery, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury inherited the English lands and titles, while Robert inherited his father's Norman properties, which included good part of central and southern Normandy, in part adjacent to the Bellême territories he had already inherited from his mother.

In 1098 Robert's younger brother Hugh died, and Robert inherited the English properties that had been their father's, including the Rape of Arundel and the Earldom of Shrewsbury.

Robert was one of the great magnates who joined Robert Curthose's 1101 invasion of England, along with his brothers Roger the Poitevin and Arnulf of Montgomery and his nephew William of Mortain. This invasion, which aimed to depose Henry I, ended in the Treaty of Alton. The treaty called for amnesty for the participants but allowed traitors to be punished. Henry had a series of charges drawn up against Robert in 1102, and when Robert refused to answer for them, gathered his forces and besieged and captured Robert's English castles. Robert lost his English lands and titles (as did his brothers), was banished from England, and returned to Normandy.

He was one of Curthose's commanders at the Battle of Tinchebrai and by flight from the field avoided being captured as Curthose was. With Normandy now under Henry's rule, he submitted and was allowed to retain his Norman fiefs. But after various conspiracies and plans to free Curthose, Robert was seized and imprisoned in 1112. He spent the rest of his life in prison; the exact date of his death is not known.

[edit] Family and children
Robert married Agnes of Ponthieu, by whom he had one child, William III of Ponthieu, who via his mother inherited the county of Ponthieu.

[edit] References
J. F. A. Mason, "Roger de Montgomery and His Sons (1067-1102)", Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th series vol. 13 (1963) 1-28
Kathleen Thompson, "Robert of Bellême Reconsidered", Anglo-Norman Studies 13 (1991) 263-284
Peerage of England
Preceded by
Hugh of Montgomery Earl of Shrewsbury
1098–1102 Succeeded by
Forfeit

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_of_Bell%C3%AAme%2C_3rd_Earl_of_Shrewsbury"
Robert II was also Seigneur of Belleme, Domfront and Alencon.
[Weis 101] Seigneur of Belleme, Domfront and Alençon.
Robert's first notable act, as a young man, was to take part in the 1077 revolt of the young Robert Curthose against William the Conqueror, an act he shared with many other Norman nobles of his generation. The rebellion was put down, and the participants pardoned. William did require that ducal garrisons be placed in the important baronial castles, which would make future rebellion much more difficult.
Robert's mother Mabel was killed in 1082, whereupon Robert inherited her property which stretched across the hilly border region between Normandy and Maine. It is due to this early inheritance that Robert has come be known as of Bellême rather than of Montgomery.
William the Conqueror died in 1087, and Robert's first act on hearing the news was to expel the ducal garrisons from his castles. Robert Curthose was the new duke of Normandy, but he was unable to keep order, and Robert of Bellême had a free hand to make war against his less powerful neighbors.
The next year in the Rebellion of 1088, Odo of Bayeux rebelled in an attempt to place Curthose on the English throne in place of William Rufus. At Curthose's request Robert went to England, where he joined in the rebels' defense of Rochester Castle. The rebels were permitted to leave after the surrender of the castle and failure of the rebellion.
Robert returned to Normandy. But Odo had preceded him, had gotten the ear of the duke, and conviced Curthose that Robert was a danger to the security of the duchy. Thus Robert was arrested and imprisoned upon his disembarkation. (The duke's younger brother Henry, who was on the same ship, was also arrested.)
Robert's father earl Roger came over from England, and, taking over his son's castles, defied Curthose. The duke captured several of the castles, but he soon tired of the matter and released Robert.
Once released, Robert returned to his wars and depredations against his neighbors in southern Normandy. He did help Curthose in putting down a revolt by the citizens of Rouen, but his motive seems to have been in large part to seize as many wealthy townspeople and their goods as possible. Curthose in turn subsequently helped Robert is some of his fights againsts his neighbors.
In 1094 one of Robert's most important castles, Domfront, was taken over by the duke's brother Henry, who never relinquished it and was to be an enemy of Robert for the rest of his life.
Later that year (1094) Robert's father earl Roger died. Robert's younger brother Hugh of Montgomery, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury inherited the English lands and titles, while Robert inherited his father's Norman properties, which included good part of central and southern Normandy, in part adjacent to the Bellême territories he had already inherited from his mother.
In 1098 Robert's younger brother Hugh died, and Robert inherited the English properties that had been their father's, including the Rape of Arundel and the Earldom of Shrewsbury.
Robert was one of the great magnates who joined Robert Curthose's 1101 invasion of England, along with his brothers Roger the Poitevin and Arnulf of Montgomery and his nephew William of Mortain. This invasion, which aimed to depose Henry I, ended in the Treaty of Alton. The treaty called for amnesty for the participants but allowed traitors to be punished. Henry had a series of charges drawn up against Robert in 1102, and when Robert refused to answer for them, gathered his forces and besieged and captured Robert's English castles. Robert lost his English lands and titles (as did his brothers), was banished from England, and returned to Normandy.
He was one of Curthose's commanders at the Battle of Tinchebrai and by flight from the field avoided being captured as Curthose was. With Normandy now under Henry's rule, he submitted and was allowed to retain his Norman fiefs. But after various conspiracies and plans to free Curthose Robert was seized and imprisoned in 1112. He spent the rest of his life in prison; the exact date of his death is not known.
Robert married Agnes of Ponthieu, by whom he had one child, William Talvas, who via his mother inherited the county of Ponthieu.
Robert had a quick wit, was a good military leader and was perhaps the best castle designer of his generation, but had a terrible reputation as a cruel sadist.
***************************
'Le Despencer' (Steward To William The Conqueror)

I do not have verification on all information that you have downloaded. Please feel free to contact me @ (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX) for errors/corrections/ or any additional information, especially if you are willing to share information
(Research): The eldest son of Robert. He is sometimes referred to as Roger, even in those descents that list Roger of Poitou as his brother. The confusion about whether Robert's father, Roger, was at Hastings is probably due to Robert's presence there.
While earl he imported stallions from Spain for breeding in Powys.

Robert married Agnes of Ponthieu, the daughter of Guy I, the Count of Ponthieu, and Ada.
After the death of William "Rufus" in 1100 his brother, Henry, seized the throne. Henry's elder brother, Duke Robert of Normandy, had been on crusade, but quickly returned. In 1101 he landed at Portsmouth to claim the throne. Many of the Barons, led by Robert de Montgomery, with his brothers, Roger and Arnulf, and his cousin, William of Mortain, supported him. When conflict was avoided and an agreement was made that left Henry I with the English throne, the Montgomery's were left badly exposed. In 1102 Henry I overthrew Robert and his brothers who were with him in Arundel castle when it fell. He was exiled and his lands in England were forfeited to the crown. Henry brought an army over to Normandy and finally put Duke Robert's pretensions to an end at the battle of Tinchebrai, jailing the Duke for the rest of his life.Earl Robert continued to support Robert Curthose, attempting to free the Duke, but he was finally seized in 1112 and jailed himself. Robert died in prison at Warham castle, Dorset in 1131 after starving himself. The Castle and Honor of Arundel eventually fell to the FitzAlan family.
(Medical): Robert died in prison at Warham castle, Dorset in 1131 after starving himself.
Robert's first notable act, as a young man, was to take part in the 1077 revolt of the young Robert Curthose against William the Conqueror, an act he shared with many other Norman nobles of his generation. The rebellion was put down, and the participants pardoned. William did require that ducal garrisons be placed in the important baronial castles, which would make future rebellion much more difficult.
Robert's mother Mabel was killed in 1082, whereupon Robert inherited her property which stretched across the hilly border region between Normandy and Maine. It is due to this early inheritance that Robert has come be known as of Bellême rather than of Montgomery.
William the Conqueror died in 1087, and Robert's first act on hearing the news was to expel the ducal garrisons from his castles. Robert Curthose was the new duke of Normandy, but he was unable to keep order, and Robert of Bellême had a free hand to make war against his less powerful neighbors.
The next year in the Rebellion of 1088, Odo of Bayeux rebelled in an attempt to place Curthose on the English throne in place of William Rufus. At Curthose's request Robert went to England, where he joined in the rebels' defense of Rochester Castle. The rebels were permitted to leave after the surrender of the castle and failure of the rebellion.
Robert returned to Normandy. But Odo had preceded him, had gotten the ear of the duke, and conviced Curthose that Robert was a danger to the security of the duchy. Thus Robert was arrested and imprisoned upon his disembarkation. (The duke's younger brother Henry, who was on the same ship, was also arrested.)
Robert's father earl Roger came over from England, and, taking over his son's castles, defied Curthose. The duke captured several of the castles, but he soon tired of the matter and released Robert.
Once released, Robert returned to his wars and depredations against his neighbors in southern Normandy. He did help Curthose in putting down a revolt by the citizens of Rouen, but his motive seems to have been in large part to seize as many wealthy townspeople and their goods as possible. Curthose in turn subsequently helped Robert is some of his fights againsts his neighbors.
In 1094 one of Robert's most important castles, Domfront, was taken over by the duke's brother Henry, who never relinquished it and was to be an enemy of Robert for the rest of his life.
Later that year (1094) Robert's father earl Roger died. Robert's younger brother Hugh of Montgomery, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury inherited the English lands and titles, while Robert inherited his father's Norman properties, which included good part of central and southern Normandy, in part adjacent to the Bellême territories he had already inherited from his mother.
In 1098 Robert's younger brother Hugh died, and Robert inherited the English properties that had been their father's, including the Rape of Arundel and the Earldom of Shrewsbury.
Robert was one of the great magnates who joined Robert Curthose's 1101 invasion of England, along with his brothers Roger the Poitevin and Arnulf of Montgomery and his nephew William of Mortain. This invasion, which aimed to depose Henry I, ended in the Treaty of Alton. The treaty called for amnesty for the participants but allowed traitors to be punished. Henry had a series of charges drawn up against Robert in 1102, and when Robert refused to answer for them, gathered his forces and besieged and captured Robert's English castles. Robert lost his English lands and titles (as did his brothers), was banished from England, and returned to Normandy.
He was one of Curthose's commanders at the Battle of Tinchebrai and by flight from the field avoided being captured as Curthose was. With Normandy now under Henry's rule, he submitted and was allowed to retain his Norman fiefs. But after various conspiracies and plans to free Curthose Robert was seized and imprisoned in 1112. He spent the rest of his life in prison; the exact date of his death is not known.
Robert married Agnes of Ponthieu, by whom he had one child, William Talvas, who via his mother inherited the county of Ponthieu.
Robert had a quick wit, was a good military leader and was perhaps the best castle designer of his generation, but had a terrible reputation as a cruel sadist.
***************************
'Le Despencer' (Steward To William The Conqueror)

I do not have verification on all information that you have downloaded. Please feel free to contact me @ (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX) for errors/corrections/ or any additional information, especially if you are willing to share information
(Research): The eldest son of Robert. He is sometimes referred to as Roger, even in those descents that list Roger of Poitou as his brother. The confusion about whether Robert's father, Roger, was at Hastings is probably due to Robert's presence there.
While earl he imported stallions from Spain for breeding in Powys.

Robert married Agnes of Ponthieu, the daughter of Guy I, the Count of Ponthieu, and Ada.
After the death of William "Rufus" in 1100 his brother, Henry, seized the throne. Henry's elder brother, Duke Robert of Normandy, had been on crusade, but quickly returned. In 1101 he landed at Portsmouth to claim the throne. Many of the Barons, led by Robert de Montgomery, with his brothers, Roger and Arnulf, and his cousin, William of Mortain, supported him. When conflict was avoided and an agreement was made that left Henry I with the English throne, the Montgomery's were left badly exposed. In 1102 Henry I overthrew Robert and his brothers who were with him in Arundel castle when it fell. He was exiled and his lands in England were forfeited to the crown. Henry brought an army over to Normandy and finally put Duke Robert's pretensions to an end at the battle of Tinchebrai, jailing the Duke for the rest of his life.Earl Robert continued to support Robert Curthose, attempting to free the Duke, but he was finally seized in 1112 and jailed himself. Robert died in prison at Warham castle, Dorset in 1131 after starving himself. The Castle and Honor of Arundel eventually fell to the FitzAlan family.
(Medical): Robert died in prison at Warham castle, Dorset in 1131 after starving himself.
OCCUPATION: 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury, Seigneur of Belleme, Domfront and Alencon
Bellême also spelled BELESME, Norman magnate, soldier, and outstanding
military architect, who for a time was the most powerful vassal of the
English crown under the second and third Norman kings, William II Rufus
(died 1100) and Henry I. His contemporary reputation for sadism was
extreme, even among the cruel Normans.

A younger son of Roger de Montgomery, 1st earl of Shropshire or
Shrewsbury, Robert inherited lordships in Normandy, among them Bellême
(in the present French département of Orne). In the struggle between the
two older sons of King William I the Conqueror he originally sided with
Duke Robert II Curthose of Normandy, but in 1097 he fought for the other
son, William II Rufus, against the Duke and King Philip I of France. Also
on behalf of Rufus, he captured Helias (Hélie), count of Maine, thereby
securing the important town of Le Mans for the English. His greatest work
of military architecture was the castle of Gisors, on the border between
Normandy and the French kingdom.

After Henry I, who had been Robert's chief rival for power in Normandy,
had succeeded Henry's older brother, Rufus, as king of England, Robert
rebelled (1101-02). He was deprived of his English lands and earldom
(1102) and unsuccessfully fought against Henry in the Battle of
Tinchebrai (Sept. 28, 1106). King Louis VI of France sent him (November
1112) as ambassador to Henry I, who quickly arrested Robert and
imprisoned him for the rest of his life.
Source: www.eb.com
GIVN Robert II
SURN von Alencon
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #3804
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #3804
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #3804
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 13:17:36
GIVN Robert " De Bellême " Earl
SURN von Shrewsbury
NSFX Earl of Shrewsbury 3rd
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #0163
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #0163
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
REPO @REPO80@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
AUTH Brøderbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: July 1, 1997
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 11, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
PAGE Tree #0163
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: 18 Dez 1998
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 13:17:51
#Générale##Générale#Décès : 1114 (ou 1131 ?)
Profession : Comte d'Hiesme, de Bellême (61), de Sées &d'Alençon, d'Arundel & deShrewsbury

Conte de Shrewsbury.
Ou Robert de Bellême.
{geni:about_me} '''Robert de Bellême''' (c. 1056– after 1130), '''seigneur de Bellême (or Belèsme), seigneur de Montgomery, viscount of the Hiémois, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury and Count of Ponthieu'''

Parents: Roger II de Montgomerie & Mabile de Bellême d'Alençon

Spouse: Agnes de Ponthieu

Children:

1. Guillaume "Talvas"

2. André

3. Mabile (uncertain)

LINKS

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORTHERN%20FRANCE.htm#RobertMontgommerydied1131

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_of_Bell%C3%AAme,_3rd_Earl_of_Shrewsbury

MEDIEVAL LANDS

ROBERT de Montgommery "de Bellême", son of ROGER [II] de Montgommery Earl of Shrewsbury & his first wife Mabile d'Alençon ([1052/56]-[Wareham Castle] 8 May [after 1129], bur [Wareham Castle]).
* Guillaume of Jumièges names “quinque filios et quatuor filias...Robertus et Hugo, Rogerius Pictavinus, Philippus et Arnulfus, Emma, Mathildis, Mabilia et Sibylla” as the children of “Willelmus Talavatius...filiam suam...Mabiliam” and “Rogerium de Monte-Gummeri”[497].
* Orderic Vitalis names “Rodbertus de Bellismo, Hugo de Monte-Gomerici, Rogerius Pictavinus, Philippus atque Arnulfus” as the five sons of “Rogerius [de Monte-Gomerici]” and his first wife[498].
* Orderic Vitalis names “Rodbertum...de Belesmia primogenitum filium suum [referring to Mabile]” and adds that "cujus crudelitas in diebus nostris super miseras plebes nimium efferbuit"[499].
* "…Rogerus de Monte Gomeri…Robertus filius Rogeri de Monte Gomeri…" witnessed the charter dated to [1060] under which Guillaume II Duke of Normandy granted "Brenerias" to the abbey of Bayeux[500].
* He witnessed a charter for Saint Martin de Sées with his brother Roger 448, and a charter for Saint Aubin of Angers in [1060/62] without Roger[501], suggesting that the latter had died by then.
* "Rogerius comes…et sua uxor Mabilia atque suus filius Rotbertus" donated property to Notre-Dame de Bellême by charter dated to [1070/79][502].
* Orderic Vitalis records the rebellion of Robert, son of King William I, and his departure from Normandy accompanied by “Rodbertus de Bellismo et Guillelmus de Britolio, Rogerius Ricardi de Benefacta filius, Rodbertus de Molbraio et Guillelmus de Molinis, Guillelmus de Ruperia”, dated to [1077/78], and their journeys during five years of exile[503].
* He succeeded his mother in 1079 as '''Seigneur de Bellême et d'Alençon'''.
* "Roger ex Northmannis Northmannus son of Roger" donated property to St Martin, Troarn for the soul of "his wife Mabel lately deceased" by charter dated to [1079/82], subscribed by "Rogerii comitis, Rotberti filii eius, Hugonis, Rogerii, Philippi, Arnulfis [filiorum eius]"[504].
* He rebelled against William II King of England in 1088, crossed to England but was besieged at Rochester Castle and in Jun 1088 forced to surrender[505].
* Orderic Vitalis records “Edgarus Adelinus et Robertus Belesmensis atque Guillelmus de Archis monachus Molismensis” as the advisers of Robert [III] Duke of Normandy, dated to [1089][506].
* Orderic Vitalis records that “Rodbertus Belesmensis” built “Furcas...castellum et...Castellum Gunterii...super Olnam fluvium ad Curbam” and attacked all his neighbours, dated to [1090][507].
* "Rotbertus de Belismo filius Rotgerii comitis et Mabilie" donated the church of Saint-Léonard de Bellême, built by "Willelmus attavus Rotberti", to Marmoutier, with the consent of "fratres ipsius Rotberti, Hugo, Rotgerius, Arnulfus", by charter dated 1092[508].
* Orderic Vitalis records that, after the death of his father in 1094, “Rodbertus...filius eius” obtained “totum feudum eius in Normannia”, adding that he was “crudelis et superbus” and committed “innumeras iniquitates”[509].
* He succeeded his younger brother in 1098 as Earl of Shrewsbury after a payment of £3000[510].
* He succeeded his father-in-law in Oct 1100 as '''Comte de Ponthieu'''.
* Florence of Worcester records that "Scrobbesbyriensis comes Rotbertus de Beleasmo" rebelled against Henry I King of England in [1101], was deprived of all his honours and estates in England, and retired to Normandy[511].
* The Annals of Margan record that “Robertus comes de Belesmo” was expelled from England in 1102 “cum fratre suo Arnulfo”[512]. Florence of Worcester records that "Rotbertus de Beleasm" fought with Robert Duke of Normandy against King Henry I at Tinchebrai in [1106], was captured, but later escaped and fled[513].
* He helped Helias de Saint-Saens protect Guillaume, son of Robert "Curthose" ex-Duke of Normandy, after Henry I King of England ordered the arrest of the boy[514].
* He was arrested in 1112, imprisoned at Cherbourg and all his lands and honours forfeited.
* He was imprisoned at Wareham Castle, Dorset from Jul 1113[515].
* The Annals of Margan record the death “Kal Mai” in 1118 of “Robertus comes de Belesme”[516].
* The 1130 Pipe Roll records payments made "in libatione Robti de Belismo" in Dorsetshire, Wiltshire[517].
* This suggests a pension or maintenance in some form, although it is not certain that it relates to Robert de Montgommery Earl of Shrewsbury.

m (before 9 Sep 1087) '''AGNES de Ponthieu''', daughter of GUY [I] Comte de Ponthieu & his wife Ada --- (-after 6 Oct 1100).
* Orderic Vitalis records that “Rodbertum Belesmensem” married “filiam Guidonis Pontivi comitis Agnetem”[545].
* Orderic Vitalis records that she was treated cruelly by her husband and imprisoned in the castle of Bellême, from where she escaped, took refuge with Adela Ctss de Blois, and retired to Ponthieu[546].
* "Gulielmus comes Pontivorum" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte for the souls of "… his father Robert de Belesmo and his mother Agnes…" by charter dated 1127[547].

Comte Robert & his wife had three children:

1. GUILLAUME [I] "Talvas" (-30 Jun 1171). Orderic Vitalis names “Guillelmum” as the son of “Rodbertum Belesmensem” and his wife “filiam Guidonis Pontivi comitis Agnetem”[548]. Comte de Ponthieu.

2. ANDRE . "Gulielmus comes Pontivorum" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte by charter dated 1127, subscribed by "…Andrea fratre comitis"[549].

3. MABILE . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not been identified.

SOURCES:

[497] Willelmi Gemmetencis Historiæ (Duchesne, 1619), Liber VII, XIII, p. 274.

[498] Orderic Vitalis (Prévost), Vol. II, Liber V, XIII, p. 412.

[499] Orderic Vitalis (Prévost), Vol. II, Liber III, III, p. 47.

[500] Delisle (1867), Pièces justificatives, 30, p. 33.

[501] CP XI 690.

[502] Marmoutier-Perche, 1, p. 4.

[503] Orderic Vitalis (Prévost), Vol. II, Liber V, X, p. 380.

[504] Round (1899) 465, p. 165.

[505] CP XI 690.

[506] Orderic Vitalis (Prévost), Vol. III, Liber VIII, X, p. 322.

[507] Orderic Vitalis (Prévost), Vol. III, Liber VIII, XVI, p. 358.

[508] Marmoutier-Perche, 13, p. 23.

[509] Orderic Vitalis (Prévost), Vol. II, Liber V, XIV, p. 422.

[510] Orderic Vitalis (Chibnall), Vol. IV, p. 32, cited in CP XI 692.

[511] Florentii Wigornensis Monachi Chronicon, p. 49.

[512] Annales de Margan, p. 7.

[513] Florentii Wigornensis Monachi Chronicon, p. 55.

[514] Orderic Vitalis (Chibnall), Vol. VI, Book XI, p. 165.

[515] CP XI 693-4.

[516] Annales de Margan, p. 10.

[517] Pipe Roll 31 Hen I (1129/30), Dorsetshire, Wiltshire, p. 12.

[535] Willelmi Gemmetencis Historiæ (Duchesne, 1619), Liber VII, XIII, p. 274.

[536] CP XI 690.

[537] CP XI 690.

[538] Marmoutier-Perche, 13, p. 23.

[539] Orderic Vitalis (Prévost), Vol. II, Liber V, XIV, p. 422.

[540] Orderic Vitalis (Chibnall), Vol. IV, p. 32, cited in CP XI 692.

[541] Annales de Margan, p. 7.

[542] CP XI 693-4.

[543] Annales de Margan, p. 10.

[544] Pipe Roll 31 Hen I (1129/30), Dorsetshire, Wiltshire, p. 12.

[545] Orderic Vitalis (Prévost), Vol. III, Liber VIII, V, p. 300.

[546] Orderic Vitalis (Prévost), Vol. III, Liber VIII, XXIV, p. 424.

[547] Round (1899) 970, p. 346.

[548] Orderic Vitalis (Prévost), Vol. III, Liber VIII, V, p. 300.

[549] Round (1899) 970, p. 346.

=============================================================

WIKIPEDIA

'''Robert of Bellême, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury'''
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_of_Bell%C3%AAme,_3rd_Earl_of_Shrewsbury

Robert de Bellême (c. 1056– after 1130), seigneur de Bellême (or Belèsme), seigneur de Montgomery, viscount of the Hiémois, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury and Count of Ponthieu, was an Anglo-Norman nobleman, and one of the most prominent figures in the competition for the succession to England and Normandy between the sons of William the Conqueror. He was a member of the powerful House of Bellême.

Robert became notorious for his alleged cruelty. The chronicler Orderic Vitalis calls him "Grasping and cruel, an implacable persecutor of the Church of God and the poor... unequaled for his iniquity in the whole Christian era." The stories of his brutality may have inspired the legend of Robert the Devil.

Early life

Robert was the oldest surviving son of Roger of Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and Mabel de Bellême, born probably between 1052 and 1056.[1] In 1070 after the death of his great-uncle Yves Bishop of Sées his parents brought him to Bellême, which at that time became his mother's inheritance, and as the oldest surviving son it would eventually be his.[a][2]

In 1073 when the Conqueror invaded Maine, Robert was knighted by William at the siege of Fresnai castle.[3] By now probably of age and independent of his father he took part in the 1077 revolt of the young Robert Curthose against Duke William.[b][2] When Robert's mother, Mabel, was killed c. 1079, Robert inherited her vast estates.[4] But at this point Duke William took the added precaution of garrisoning the Bellême castles with his own soldiers, which was his ducal right.[5] On hearing the news of William the Conqueror's death in 1087, Robert's first act was to expel the ducal garrisons from all his castles.[5]

Rebellion of 1088

At the end of 1087 Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy was told of a plot to place him on the throne of England in his brother William II's place, a plot that Duke Robert enthusiastically approved and supported.[6] Robert de Bellême, his brother Hugh de Montgomery and a third brother, either Roger or Arnulf, participated in this rebellion.[7] The main conspirators, however, were Odo of Bayeux, Eustace III, Count of Boulogne, Robert de Mowbray, Geoffrey de Montbray, Earl Roger de Montgomery and other disaffected Magnates.[6] The next year in the Rebellion of 1088, beginning at Easter the rebels burned and wasted the king's properties and those of his followers.[8] At some point Roger of Montgomery detached himself from supporting Robert Curthose through negotiations with the king.[9] Finally Robert de Bellême was among the rebels who found themselves defending Rochester Castle.[10] When William Rufus blockaded the town and built two counter-castles, the garrison began negotiating for surrender under honourable terms, being allowed to keep their lands and serve the king.[10] This Rufus refused; he was furious and had initially wanted the traitors hanged 'or by some other form of execution utterly removed from the face of the earth.'[11] Roger of Montgomery and other great barons interceded with the King, Earl Roger on behalf of his sons, until finally in July a semi-honorable surrender was negotiated between the king and the rebels.[10] Rufus, albeit reluctantly, guaranteed the rebels life and limb and gave them safe conduct.[12]

Return to Normandy

Coincidentally Robert sailed back to Normandy in the company of Count Henry (later king Henry I), who had not been part a of the conspiracy against his brother William Rufus.[13] However well they got along on the voyage, they were destined to become bitter enemies.[13] One thing more they shared in common was the extreme resentment by Odo, Bishop of Bayeux who, banished from England, had returned to Normandy ahead of Henry and Robert.[5] Henry at just 20 years of age was now Odo's overlord, which Odo strongly resented, and Robert de Bellême was a powerful and dangerous disruptive force in Normandy now free to do as he would.[5] Odo, who held great sway over Duke Robert, convinced him that both Henry and his travel companion Robert de Bellême were now conspiring with William Rufus against the duke.[5] Both Henry and Robert were seized as they disembarked and, both placed in the Bishop's custody, were imprisoned; Henry at Bayeux and Robert at Neuilly-ll'Evêque, now Neuilly-la-Forêt.[5]

On hearing his son was imprisoned Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury immediately went to Normandy and put all his castles in a state of readiness against the duke.[14] At this point the Montgomery family was in a state of rebellion against Robert Curthose.[15] Bishop Odo now instigated Duke Robert to take all the castles of Robert de Bellême by force and the duke gathered an army and proceeded against them. Duke Robert first attacked Ballon and after losses on both sides, the castle surrendered.[16] Moving on to the castle of Saint-Céneri where the family of Robert de Bellême was residing, Robert Quarrel had been told by Earl Roger to resist the duke at all costs and this was done until the provisions eventually failed.[17] Duke Robert was so enraged at such resistance he blinded Robert Quarrel and mutilated the castle defenders.[17] At this point the duke lost interest in attempting to capture any more of Robert de Bellême's castles, he dissolved the forces and returned to Rouen.[17] Earl Roger sent peace envoys to the duke and convinced him to release his son Robert which the fickle duke finally did.[18] The price of his son's release, however, was the castle of Saint-Céneri which Duke Robert gave to Robert Giroie as castellan. The Giroies had long held the castle until, as punishment for their rebellion in the 1060s, William the Conqueror gave this castle and other Giroie lands to Roger de Montgomery, who as a member of the Bellême family was also considered their nemesis.[15]
By 1090 Robert was back in Robert Curthose's good graces, Orderic Vitalis calling him a "principal councilor" to duke Robert.[19] He supported Curthose in putting down a revolt by the citizens of Rouen, in 1090,[20] and took considerable numbers of the citizens captive throwing them into dungeons.[21] According to Robert of Torigni in 1092 the inhabitants of Domfront, long a Bellême-Montgomery stronghold, invited Henry, the duke's younger brother to take possession of Domfront.[22] Apparently they had grown weary of Robert's oppressive and abusive style of lordship.[22] No explanation was offered for what happened to Robert de Bellême's garrison contingent or who exactly facilitated the bloodless takeover.[22] In addition Robert de Bellême had requested that same year to hold Bellême of the French crown instead of the Duke of Normandy.[20]

In 1094 Robert's father, earl Roger, died.[23] Robert's younger brother Hugh of Montgomery, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury inherited the English lands and titles, while Robert inherited his father's Norman properties, which included good part of central and southern Normandy, in part adjacent to the Bellême territories he had already inherited from his mother.[24]

William Rufus (1096–1100)

In 1096, Duke Robert took up the cross on the First Crusade and left the custody of the duchy to his brother William Rufus, King of England. Robert Bellême regained the favour of Rufus and both he and his brothers were in his service on several occasions.[20] In 1098 he captured Elias I, Count of Maine for Rufus, a significant feat.[25]

In 1098 Robert's younger brother Hugh died, and Robert inherited, on payment of £3,000 in relief, the English properties that had been their father's, including the Rape of Arundel and the Earldom of Shrewsbury.[26] Robert had also acquired the countship of Ponthieu jure uxoris and the honour of Tickhill; all of which combined made him the wealthiest magnate in both England and Normandy.[26]

In August 1100 at the death of Rufus, Henry I seized the English throne before his brother Robert Curthose could claim it.[27] While Robert rushed to England to pay homage to Henry, he and his brothers must have seen this as the end of royal favour for the Montgomerys.[28]

Anglo-Norman Civil War 1101[

Duke Robert returned from the First Crusade in triumph,[29] According to Orderic, Curthose was being encouraged to attack Henry by his barons but he remained indecisive until Ranulf Flambard, having escaped from the Tower of London, fled to Normandy where he appears to have influenced Duke Robert to go ahead with his invasion of England and depose his brother Henry.[30] Robert de Bellême was one of the great magnates who joined Robert Curthose's 1101 invasion of England, along with his brothers Roger the Poitevin and Arnulf of Montgomery and his nephew William, Count of Mortain.[31] This invasion, however, which aimed to depose Henry I, ended bloodlessly in the Treaty of Alton which called for amnesty for the participants but allowed traitors to be punished.[32] It quickly became evident that Henry I had no intentions of abiding by the treaty of Alton; 'Soothe them with promises' advised Robert Count of Meulan just before the battle, then they can be 'driven into exile'.[33]

Henry I took a year compiling charges against Robert and his brothers and Robert's unlicensed castle building and specifically Bridgnorth Castle may have been the last straw for Henry.[34] Henry had a series of charges drawn up against Robert in 1102, and when Robert refused to answer for them, gathered his forces and besieged and captured Robert's English castles.[35] Robert lost his English lands and titles (as did his brothers), was banished from England, and returned to Normandy.[36]

In 1105 he was warring with Rotrou III, Count of Perche over a large portion of his Bellême lands and lost.[36] That same year he attacked a force of Henry's supporters, then went to England before Christmas to attempt make peace with King Henry but he returned to Normandy empty handed.[36]

Battle of Tinchebrai and after

In 1106 Robert was one of Curthose's commanders at the Battle of Tinchebrai commanding the rear division and, when the battle turned in Henry's favour, he and most of those with him avoided capture by fleeing the field.[36] With Normandy now under Henry's rule, Robert de Bellême submitted and was allowed to retain his Norman Fiefs and his office as viscount of the Hiémois.[37]

But Henry was still wary of Robert and placed his followers in key positions in Normandy.[38] In the rebellion of 1110/2 barons on the frontier of Normandy were disgruntal over Henry's policies and especially of his attempting to take custody of William Clito, son of Robert Curthose.[38] According to Orderic, Robert played a central role in this rebellion after the death of Elias I, Count of Maine in July 1110.[38] In 1112 Robert was sent as an envoy of the French king to Henry I at his court at Bonneville to negotiate the release of Robert Curthose, whereas Henry seized Robert and imprisoned him.[39] Apparently Henry had charges already prepared; failing to attend Henry at his court after being summoned three times, of failing to render accounts, and of acting against his lord's interests.[40] Technically Robert may have been guilty but arguably it was not safe for him to attend Henry, he may have regarded the revenues as gifts and it's also arguable whether the charge of acting against Henry's interests warranted the severity of the punishment.[40] In addition Robert was under the king's protection as an emissary sent to negotiate Robert Curthose's release.[41] This gave the act international implications but at the time Louis VI of France and Henry I were intriguing against each other so the breach of protocol went unpunished.[41] But with Robert's imprisonment the rebellion against Henry collapsed.[38] Robert spent the rest of his life as a prisoner; the exact date of his death is not known.[42]

His character

Orderic Vitalis portrays Robert de Bellême as a villain, especially when compared to Henry I, whose misdemeanors the chronicler felt were excusable. Orderic calls Robert "Grasping and cruel, an implacable persecutor of the Church of God and the poor... unequaled for his iniquity in the whole Christian era."[43] To quote David C. Douglas "Ordericus, if credulous, was neither malicious nor a liar; and these accounts concerned people of whom he had special knowledge" [referring to the Bellême-Montgomery family].[44] But, he may have been strongly biased against Robert de Bellême and his treatment of that magnate belies a moral interpretation of his actions.[43] The basis for Orderic's animosity towards Robert and his de Bellême predecessors was the longstanding and bitter feud between the Giroie family, patrons of Orderic's Abbey of Saint-Evroul, and the de Bellême family.[45] William Talvas (de Bellême), Robert's grandfather, had blinded and mutilated William fitz Giroie.[c][46] He did at times appropriate church properties and was not a major donor to any ecclesiastical house. But Robert's attitudes toward the church are typical of many of his contemporaries; certainly no worse than the secular rulers and other magnates of his day.[47] The assessment of William II Rufus by R.W. Southern could well apply to Robert de Bellême as well: "His life was given over to military designs, and to the raising of money to make them possible; for everything that did not minister to those ends he showed a supreme contempt".[47]

According to William Hunt in the Dictionary of National Biography, various stories of his brutality were circulated after his death, possibly insipring the legend of Robert the Devil, a sadistically cruel Norman knight fathered by Satan himself. In Maine "his abiding works are pointed to as the works of Robert the Devil, a surname that has been transferred from him to the father of the Conqueror."[48]

Family and children

Robert married Agnes of Ponthieu, before 9 Sep 1087, and they had one child:[49]

William III of Ponthieu, who via his mother inherited the county of Ponthieu.[23]

Fictional References

Robert appears as the principal antagonist throughout George Shipway's The Palladin (1973), a fictionalized account of the life of Walter Tirel.

He is also portrayed in The Wild Hunt (1990) by Elizabeth Chadwick.

In 2012, a fictional account of the life of Robert de Bellême authored by Roy Stedall-Humphryes was published through Amazon as a Kindle eBook and as a paperback.

Notes

# Jump up ^ His older brother Roger died young, before 1060–62 when Robert attested a charter for St. Aubin of Angers. See: Cokayne, The Complete Peerage, Vol XI (1949), p. 690 & note (b). This placed Robert in line to obtain his parents' inheritances in Normandy, where the law distinguished between acquisitions and inheritances. Acquisitions were those lands obtained by conquest or purchase while a parent's (typically father's) Norman ancestral lands were heritable by the eldest son. This was later codified in the Leges Henrici Primi which stated: "The Ancestral fee of the father is to go to the first-born son; but he may give his purchases or later acquisitions to whomsoever he prefers". For a time after the Conquest this took the form of the eldest son, now Robert, inheriting the Norman lands of his ancestors while the second son, Hugh, was given the English honors his father had acquired. See: James Clarke Holt, Colonial England, 1066–1215 (London: The Hambledon Press, 1997) pp. 116–121 (& notes); also C. Warren Hollister, Henry I (New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 2003), p. 47 & n.
# Jump up ^ Robert de Bellême was typical of his generation, the sons of William's companions who had earned their great honors and titles at the battle of Hastings in 1066. This newer generation did not share the values and attitudes of their fathers but rather had different experiences altogether. They had inherited their wealth and status, not earned it. Yet this next generation expected royal favor and patronage without attending court or serving the king in any capacity. They often rebelled when they felt they were not being treated with the dignity and respect they deserved. See: Charlotte A. Newman, The Anglo-Norman Nobility in the Reign of Henry I, The Second Generation (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1988), pp. 17–18; also: William M. Aird, Robert `Curthose', Duke of Normandy (C. 1050–1134) (Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 2011), pp. 69–70, 83.
# Jump up ^ For more on the feud between the Bellêmes and the Giroies see the article William I Talvas
# References[edit]
# Jump up ^ George Edward Cokayne, The Complete Peerage; or, a History of the House of Lords and all its Members from the Earliest Times, Vol XI, ed. Geoffrey H. White (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1949), p. 689
# ^ Jump up to: a b George Edward Cokayne, The Complete Peerage; or, a History of the House of Lords and all its Members from the Earliest Times, Vol XI, ed. Geoffrey H. White (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1949), p. 690
# Jump up ^ Ordericus Vitalis, The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy, Vol. II, trans. Thomas Forester (London: Henry G. Bohn, 1854), p. 75
# Jump up ^ J. F. A. Mason, 'Roger de Montgomery and His Sons (1067–1102)', Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th series vol. 13 (1963) p. 13
# ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f C. Warren Hollister, Henry I (New Haven; London: Yale University Press, 2003), p. 65
# ^ Jump up to: a b William M. Aird, Robert 'Curthose', Duke of Normandy (C. 1050–1134) (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2008), p. 110
# Jump up ^ Victoria Chandler, 'The Last of the Montgomerys: Roger the Poitevin and Arnulf', Historical Research, Vol. 62, No. 147 (February 1989), p. 3 & n. 7
# Jump up ^ The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, trans. James Ingram (Middlesex: Echo Library, 2007), p. 137
# Jump up ^ Neil Strevett, 'The Antlo-Norman Civil War of 1101 Reconsidered', Anglo-Norman Studies, XXVL, Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2003, ed. John Gillingham (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2004), p. 160
# ^ Jump up to: a b c Frank Barlow, William Rufus (Berkeley; Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1983), p. 81
# Jump up ^ Karen Bosnos, 'Treason and Pilitics in Anglo-Norman Histories', Feud, Violence and Practice: Essays in Medieval Studies in Honor of Stephen D. White ed. Belle S. Tuten (Burlington, VT; Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing, 2010), p. 299
# Jump up ^ William M. Aird, Robert 'Curthose', Duke of Normandy (C. 1050–1134) (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2008), p. 115
# ^ Jump up to: a b C. Warren Hollister, Henry I ( New Haven; London: Yale University Press, 2003), pp. 62–3
# Jump up ^ Ordericus Vitalis, The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy, Vol. II, trans. Thomas Forester (London: Henry G. Bohn, 1854), p. 452
# ^ Jump up to: a b Kathleen Thompson, 'Robert of Bellême Reconsidered', Anglo-Norman Studies XIII; Proceedings of the Battle Conference 1990, ed. Marjorie Chibnall (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 1991), p. 270
# Jump up ^ Ordericus Vitalis, The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy, Vol. II, trans. Thomas Forester (London: Henry G. Bohn, 1854), p. 455
# ^ Jump up to: a b c Ordericus Vitalis, The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy, Vol. II, trans. Thomas Forester (London: Henry G. Bohn, 1854), p. 456
# Jump up ^ Ordericus Vitalis, The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy, Vol. II, trans. Thomas Forester (London: Henry G. Bohn, 1854), p. 457
# Jump up ^ Ordericus Vitalis, The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy, Vol. II, trans. Thomas Forester (London: Henry G. Bohn, 1854), p. 476
# ^ Jump up to: a b c J. F. A. Mason, 'Roger de Montgomery and His Sons (1067–1102)', Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th series vol. 13 (1963) p. 19
# Jump up ^ Ordericus Vitalis, The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy, Vol. II, trans. Thomas Forester (London: Henry G. Bohn, 1854), pp. 502–3
# ^ Jump up to: a b c C. Warren Hollister, Henry I (New Haven; London: Yale University Press, 2003), pp. 86–7 & n. 250
# ^ Jump up to: a b Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band III Teilband 4 (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1989), Tafel 637
# Jump up ^ George Edward Cokayne, The Complete Peerage; or, a History of the House of Lords and all its Members from the Earliest Times, Vol XI, ed. Geoffrey H. White (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1949), pp. 688, 689–91
# Jump up ^ J. F. A. Mason, 'Roger de Montgomery and His Sons (1067–1102)', Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th series vol. 13 (1963) p. 20
# ^ Jump up to: a b C. Warren Hollister, Henry I (New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 2003), p. 155
# Jump up ^ Neil Strevett, 'The Antlo-Norman Civil War of 1101 Reconsidered', Anglo-Norman Studies, XXVL. Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2003, ed. John Gillingham (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2004), p. 161
# Jump up ^ J. F. A. Mason, 'Roger de Montgomery and His Sons (1067–1102)', Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th series vol. 13 (1963) pp. 20–21
# Jump up ^ Steven Runciman, The First Crusade (Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000), p. 190
# Jump up ^ David Crouch, The Normans; The History of a Dynasty (London; New York: Hambledon Continuum, 2007), p. 170
# Jump up ^ C. Warren Hollister, 'The Anglo-Norman Civil War: 1101', The English Historical Review, Vol. 88, No. 347 (Apr. 1973), pp. 317–8
# Jump up ^ C. Warren Hollister, 'The Anglo-Norman Civil War: 1101', The English Historical Review, Vol. 88, No. 347 (Apr. 1973), pp. 331,
# Jump up ^ C. Warren Hollister, 'The Anglo-Norman Civil War: 1101', The English Historical Review, Vol. 88, No. 347 (Apr. 1973), pp. 332,
# Jump up ^ J. F. A. Mason, 'Roger de Montgomery and His Sons (1067–1102)', Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th series vol. 13 (1963) p. 22
# Jump up ^ David Crouch, The Normans; The History of a Dynasty (London; New York: Hambledon Continuum, 2007), p. 175
# ^ Jump up to: a b c d George Edward Cokayne, The Complete Peerage; or, a History of the House of Lords and all its Members from the Earliest Times, Vol XI, ed. Geoffrey H. White (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1949), p. 693
# Jump up ^ Kathleen Thompson, 'Robert of Bellême Reconsidered', Anglo-Norman Studies XIII; Proceedings of the Battle Conference 1990, Ed. Marjorie Chibnall (The Boydell Press, Woodbridge, 1991), p. 277
# ^ Jump up to: a b c d Kathleen Thompson, 'Robert of Bellême Reconsidered', Anglo-Norman Studies XIII; Proceedings of the Battle Conference 1990, Ed. Marjorie Chibnall (The Boydell Press, Woodbridge, 1991), p. 278
# Jump up ^ Kathleen Thompson, 'Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Bellême', Journal of Medieval History, Vol. 20 (1994), p. 138
# ^ Jump up to: a b Judith A. Green, Henry I: King of England and Duke of Normandy (Cambridge University Press, New York, 2006), p. 125
# ^ Jump up to: a b C.W, Hollister, 'War and diplomacy in the Anglo-norman world; The reign of Henry I', Anglo-Norman Studies VI: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 1983, Ed. R. Allen Brown (The Boydell Press, Woodbridge, 1984), p. 81.
# Jump up ^ J. F. A. Mason, 'Roger de Montgomery and His Sons (1067–1102)', Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th series vol. 13 (1963) p. 24
# ^ Jump up to: a b Kathleen Thompson, 'Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Bellême', Journal of Medieval History, Vol. 20 (1994), p. 133
# Jump up ^ David C. Douglas, William the Conqueror (University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1964), p. 414
# Jump up ^ Kathleen Thompson, 'Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Bellême', Journal of Medieval History, Vol. 20 (1994), p. 134
# Jump up ^ Geoffrey H. White, 'The First House of Bellême', Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, Fourth Series, Vol. 22 (1940), p. 84
# ^ Jump up to: a b Kathleen Thompson, 'Robert of Bellême Reconsidered', Anglo-Norman Studies XIII; Proceedings of the Battle Conference 1990, Ed. Marjorie Chibnall (The Boydell Press, Woodbridge, 1991), p. 280
# Jump up ^ Freesman, William Rufus, i. 181-3, quoted in Dictionary of National Biography, 1885, volume 04, p.182.
# Jump up ^ George Edward Cokayne, The Complete Peerage; or, A History of the House of Lords and all its Members from the Earliest Times, Vol XI, Ed. Geoffrey H. White (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1949), p. 695

Peerage of England

Preceded by
Hugh of MontgomeryEarl of Shrewsbury
1098–1102Succeeded by
Forfeit

--------------------
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=50725#s4

Cubley
CUBLEY, in the hundred of Appletree and deanery of Castillar, lies about seven miles from Ashborne and thirteen from Derby. This place had formerly a market on Mondays, granted, in 1251, to William Montgomery, together with a fair for three days at the festival of St. Andrew. (fn. 12)
The fair is still held, on the 30th of November: it was, some years ago, much noted for the sale of fat hogs; but is on the decline.
The manor of Cubley (Cobelei) was held at the time of taking the Domes day Survey, under Henry de Ferrars, by Ralph, most probably an ancestor of the Montgomery family, who are known to have possessed it as early as the year 1160. John Montgomery, Esq., the last heir male, died in 1513, leaving three daughters coheirs, one of whom brought Cubley and other estates to Sir Thomas Giffard, with whose heiress they passed to Sir John. Port, of Etwall. Sir John had three daughters, coheiresses, the younger of whom brought Cubley to the Stanhopes. The Earl of Chesterfield is Lord of the manor and patron of the rectory. Cubley was the chief seat of the Montgomery family, who had a park there; and it was for a time one of the seats of the Stanhopes; but the mansion has long ago been pulled down.
On the tower of the parish church are the arms of the Montgomery family and its alliances; and there are some ancient monuments belonging to them in the church, but the inscriptions have been destroyed.

From: 'Parishes: Clowne - Cubley', Magna Britannia: volume 5: Derbyshire (1817), pp. 89-94. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=50725 Date accessed: 22 February 2011.
--------------------
Robert's first notable act, as a young man, was to take part in the 1077 revolt of the young Robert Curthose against William the Conqueror, an act he shared with many other Norman nobles of his generation. The rebellion was put down, and the participants pardoned. William did require that ducal garrisons be placed in the important baronial castles, which would make future rebellion much more difficult.

Robert's mother Mabel was killed in 1082, whereupon Robert inherited her property which stretched across the hilly border region between Normandy and Maine. It is due to this early inheritance that Robert has come be known as of Bellême rather than of Montgomery.

William the Conqueror died in 1087, and Robert's first act on hearing the news was to expel the ducal garrisons from his castles. Robert Curthose was the new duke of Normandy, but he was unable to keep order, and Robert of Bellême had a free hand to make war against his less powerful neighbours.
--------------------
Robert de Bellême (c. 1056– after 1130), seigneur de Bellême (or Belèsme), seigneur de Montgomery, viscount of the Hiémois, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury and Count of Ponthieu, was an Anglo-Norman nobleman, and one of the most prominent figures in the competition for the succession to England and Normandy between the sons of William the Conqueror. He was a member of the powerful House of Bellême.

Robert became notorious for his alleged cruelty. The chronicler Orderic Vitalis calls him "Grasping and cruel, an implacable persecutor of the Church of God and the poor... unequalled for his iniquity in the whole Christian era." The stories of his brutality may have inspired the legend of Robert the Devil.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_of_Bell%C3%AAme,_3rd_Earl_of_Shrewsbury
NCP XI:682-97;PED OF AUGUSTINE H. AYERS
NCP XI:682-97;PED OF AUGUSTINE H. AYERS
Robert de Bellême, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury (1052-after 1130), also spelled Belleme or Belesme, was an Anglo-Norman nobleman, and one of the most prominent figures in the competition for the succession to England and Normandy between the sons of William the Conqueror. He also known as Robert II de Montgommery, seigneur of Bellême.

He was the eldest son of Roger of Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and Mabel of Bellême.

Early life
Robert's first notable act, as a young man, was to take part in the 1077 revolt of the young Robert Curthose against William the Conqueror, an act he shared with many other Norman nobles of his generation. The rebellion was put down, and the participants pardoned. William did require that ducal garrisons be placed in the important baronial castles, which would make future rebellion much more difficult.

Robert's mother Mabel was killed in 1082, whereupon Robert inherited her property which stretched across the hilly border region between Normandy and Maine. It is due to this early inheritance that Robert has come be known as of Bellême rather than of Montgomery.

William the Conqueror died in 1087, and Robert's first act on hearing the news was to expel the ducal garrisons from his castles. Robert Curthose was the new duke of Normandy, but he was unable to keep order, and Robert of Bellême had a free hand to make war against his less powerful neighbours.

Rebellion of 1088
The next year in the Rebellion of 1088, Odo of Bayeux rebelled in an attempt to place Curthose on the English throne in place of William Rufus. At Curthose's request Robert went to England, where he joined in the rebels' defence of Rochester Castle. The rebels were permitted to leave after the surrender of the castle and failure of the rebellion.

Robert returned to Normandy. Odo had preceded him, had obtained the confidence of the duke, and convinced Curthose that Robert was a danger to the security of the duchy. Thus Robert was arrested and imprisoned upon his disembarkation. (The duke's younger brother Henry, who was on the same ship, was also arrested.)

Robert's father Earl Roger came over from England, and, taking over his son's castles, defied Curthose. The duke captured several of the castles, but he soon tired of the matter and released Robert.

Once released, Robert returned to his wars and depredations against his neighbours in southern Normandy. He did help Curthose in putting down a revolt by the citizens of Rouen, but his motive seems to have been in large part to seize as many wealthy townspeople and their goods as possible. Curthose in turn subsequently helped Robert is some of his fights againsts his neighbours.

In 1094 one of Robert's most important castles, Domfront, was taken over by the duke's brother Henry (later Henry I of England), who never relinquished it and was to be an enemy of Robert for the rest of his life.

Later that year (1094) Robert's father earl Roger died. Robert's younger brother Hugh of Montgomery, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury inherited the English lands and titles, while Robert inherited his father's Norman properties, which included good part of central and southern Normandy, in part adjacent to the Bellême territories he had already inherited from his mother.

In 1098 Robert's younger brother Hugh died, and Robert inherited the English properties that had been their father's, including the Rape of Arundel and the Earldom of Shrewsbury.

Robert was one of the great magnates who joined Robert Curthose's 1101 invasion of England, along with his brothers Roger the Poitevin and Arnulf of Montgomery and his nephew William of Mortain. This invasion, which aimed to depose Henry I, ended in the Treaty of Alton. The treaty called for amnesty for the participants but allowed traitors to be punished. Henry had a series of charges drawn up against Robert in 1102, and when Robert refused to answer for them, gathered his forces and besieged and captured Robert's English castles. Robert lost his English lands and titles (as did his brothers), was banished from England, and returned to Normandy.

He was one of Curthose's commanders at the Battle of Tinchebrai and by flight from the field avoided being captured as Curthose was. With Normandy now under Henry's rule, he submitted and was allowed to retain his Norman fiefs. But after various conspiracies and plans to free Curthose, Robert was seized and imprisoned in 1112. He spent the rest of his life in prison; the exact date of his death is not known.

Family and children
Robert married Agnes of Ponthieu, by whom he had one child, William III of Ponthieu, who via his mother inherited the county of Ponthieu.

References
J. F. A. Mason, "Roger de Montgomery and His Sons (1067-1102)", Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th series vol. 13 (1963) 1-28
Kathleen Thompson, "Robert of Bellême Reconsidered", Anglo-Norman Studies 13 (1991) 263-284
Robert de Montgomery, eldest son, sometimes called "Robert of Belesme,"the town in Perche in Normandy where he had great possessions. He had thegreat inheritance of his father and mother in Normandy, was Count ofBelesme and Alencon and in England was Earl of Arundel and Shrewsbury andother manors of his father. It is impossible to do full justice to thecharacter and life of Robert in these notes. He was knighted by KingWilliam at the seige of Fresney in 1073 in recognition of his valorousand chivalrous conduct during the seige. He was between 45 and 50 in1098, when at his brother's death he succeeded to the inheritance. He wasthe oldest, but for some reason his brother Hugh succeeded. He took thepart of Robert of Normandy, eldest son of William I, against King HenryI, and because of his rebellion against Henry he was forced to forfeithis possessions in England when retiring into Normandy, and continuinghis turbulent practices there he was seized, imprisoned, and the nextyear brought over to England, where he was confined at the Castle ofWarham in the County of Dorset and starved himself to death. He wasaccounted the richest and most wicked man of the age he lived in. Ifwanting in the wisdom and prudence of his father, he probably surpassedhim in boldness and valour. A true soldier, he was everready to facedanger and adventure and apparently never happy unless in the turmoil andhorrors of war. This ended the House of Montgomery in England as a powerit had been earlier.
Name Suffix: [LORD OF LANCAST
Ancestral File Number: V9TZ-TD
Seigneur de Belleme and Alecon.
Exiled 1102 from England by Henry I and lost English Lands.
Shrewsbury, Earldom of: Under the system then prevailing the Earldom passed to an elder brother, Robert de Belleme, who constructed Bridgnorth Castle and continued the family policy of harrying the Welsh. He rebelled against Henry I and in 1102 was deprived of the Earldom of Shrewsbury/Shropshire, together with his English and Welsh estates. [Burke's Peerage, p. 2604]

------------------------------------------------------

According to Winston Churchill in "A History of the English Speaking People", the Montgomeries (a very great house of Norman England) sided with Robert, Duke of Normandy, against his brother Henry I, in the war of succession after William Rufus, William The Conqueror's designated heir for England was killed in a hunting accident [in which Henry I was involved--some think more than an "accident"]. Henry I destroyed the power of the Montgomeries starting in September, 1100. He captured Robert in Normandy in the battle at Tinchebrai and combined England and Normandy again.

--------------

Seigneur de Belleme and Alecon.

Avez-vous des renseignements supplémentaires, des corrections ou des questions concernant Robert "Robert the Devil" de Montgomery comte de Ponthieu, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury and Arundel?
L'auteur de cette publication aimerait avoir de vos nouvelles!


Barre chronologique Robert "Robert the Devil" de Montgomery comte de Ponthieu, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury and Arundel

  Cette fonctionnalité n'est disponible que pour les navigateurs qui supportent Javascript.
Cliquez sur le nom pour plus d'information. Symboles utilisés: grootouders grand-parents   ouders parents   broers-zussen frères/soeurs   kinderen enfants

Ancêtres (et descendants) de Robert de Montgomery


    Montrez le quartier généalogique complet

    Avec la recherche rapide, vous pouvez effectuer une recherche par nom, prénom suivi d'un nom de famille. Vous tapez quelques lettres (au moins 3) et une liste de noms personnels dans cette publication apparaîtra immédiatement. Plus de caractères saisis, plus précis seront les résultats. Cliquez sur le nom d'une personne pour accéder à la page de cette personne.

    • On ne fait pas de différence entre majuscules et minuscules.
    • Si vous n'êtes pas sûr du prénom ou de l'orthographe exacte, vous pouvez utiliser un astérisque (*). Exemple : "*ornelis de b*r" trouve à la fois "cornelis de boer" et "kornelis de buur".
    • Il est impossible d'introduire des caractères autres que ceux de l'alphabet (ni signes diacritiques tels que ö ou é).



    Visualiser une autre relation

    Les données affichées n'ont aucune source.

    Des liens dans d'autres publications

    On rencontre cette personne aussi dans la publication:
    

    Même jour de naissance/décès

    Source: Wikipedia


    Sur le nom de famille De Montgomery


    Lors de la copie des données de cet arbre généalogique, veuillez inclure une référence à l'origine:
    Kees den Hollander, "Arbre généalogique Den Hollander en Van Dueren den Hollander", base de données, Généalogie Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-den-hollander-en-van-dueren-den-hollander/I6000000003146963477.php : consultée 17 juin 2024), "Robert "Robert the Devil" de Montgomery comte de Ponthieu, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury and Arundel (± 1052-1131)".