Family Tree of Carlos Spartacus. » King Robert II "the Pious" King of Franks (King Robert II "the Pious" King of Franks) Capet (972-1031)

Persoonlijke gegevens King Robert II "the Pious" King of Franks (King Robert II "the Pious" King of Franks) Capet 

• Roepnaam King Robert II "the Pious" King of Franks.
• Hij is geboren op 27 maart 972 in Orléans, Loiret, Centre, France.
• Hij werd gedoopt in het jaar 970.

  Let op: Gedoopt (??-??-970) voor geboren (27 maart 972).

• Beroepen:
• Roi de France de 976 à 1031, King of France.
• Roi de France du 24 octobre 996 au 20 juillet 1031.
• Opleiding: Reims by French scholar Gerbert (Pope Sylvester II).
• Nationaliteit: France.
• Geloof: Roman Catholic.
• Woonachtig:
• Centre-Val de Loire.
• Orléans, France.
• Orleans, Loiret, Centre, France.
• Hij is overleden op 20 juli 1031 in Melun, Seine-et-Marne, Ile-de-France, France, hij was toen 59 jaar oud.
• Hij is begraven op 22 juli 1031 in Saint Denis Basilica, Paris, France / interred with Constance d'Arles in Saint Denis Basilica.
• Een kind van King Hugh / Hugo Capet King of France (House Capet) Capet en Adelais de Aquitaine

Gezin van King Robert II "the Pious" King of Franks (King Robert II "the Pious" King of Franks) Capet

(1) Hij is getrouwd met Queen Constance of of France,queen of the Franks de Toulouse.

Zij zijn getrouwd rond 1001 te Aquitaine, France.

Spouse: Robert II "the Pious" of France, King of the Franks

Kind(eren):

1. Adela Capet  999-999
2. Adele of France  ± 1003-1079
3. Hedwige Capet  < 1005-1063
4. Hugues (co-king) de France (Capet)  1007-1025
5. King Henry I King of France Capet  1008-1060 
6. Adela / Aelis Capet  1009-1079
7. Emergarde Aumale  1010-1040
8. Adelaide Havoise de Toulouse  ± 1010-1079
9. Constance Capet  ± 1010-1042
10. Duke Robert I 'the old' / "Tete-Hardi" Duke of Bourgogne / Burgundy (House Capet) Bourgogne (Capet)  1011-1076 
11. Eudes Capet  1013-1054

(2) Hij is getrouwd met Rozala (Suzanna) d'Ivrea.

Zij zijn getrouwd rond 1001 te Orléans, Loiret, Centre, France.

Spouse: Constance d'Arles, reina consort de França

Het echtpaar is op september 1001 gescheiden.

Spouse: Berthe de Bourgogne, Reine consort de France

(3) Hij is getrouwd met Berthe de Bourgogne.

Zij zijn getrouwd in het jaar 996 te France, hij was toen 23 jaar oud.

Notities over King Robert II "the Pious" King of Franks (King Robert II "the Pious" King of Franks) Capet

Robert II (27 March 972 – 20 July 1031), called the Pious (French: le Pieux) or the Wise (French: le Sage), was King of the Franks from 996 until his death. The second reigning member of the House of Capet, he was born in Orléans to Hugh Capet and Adelaide of Aquitaine.

 

Contents  [hide] 

1Co-rule with father

2Marital problems

3Piety

4Military career

5Children

6Ancestry

7Notes

8Sources

Co-rule with father[edit]

 

Denier of Robert II the Pious, struck at Soissons

Immediately after his own coronation, Robert's father Hugh began to push for the coronation of Robert. "The essential means by which the early Capetians were seen to have kept the throne in their family was through the association of the eldest surviving son in the royalty during the father's lifetime," Andrew W. Lewis has observed, in tracing the phenomenon in this line of kings who lacked dynastic legitimacy.[2] Hugh's claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies harassing Borrel II of Barcelona, an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country necessitated a co-king, should he die while on expedition.[3] Ralph Glaber, however, attributes Hugh's request to his old age and inability to control the nobility.[4] Modern scholarship has largely imputed to Hugh the motive of establishing a dynasty against the claims of electoral power on the part of the aristocracy, but this is not the typical view of contemporaries and even some modern scholars have been less sceptical of Hugh's "plan" to campaign in Spain.[5] Robert was eventually crowned on 25 December 987.[6] A measure of Hugh's success is that when Hugh died in 996, Robert continued to reign without any succession dispute, but during his long reign actual royal power dissipated into the hands of the great territorial magnates.

 

Robert had begun to take on active royal duties with his father in the early 990s. In 991, he helped his father prevent the French bishops from trekking to Mousson in the Kingdom of Germany for a synod called by Pope John XV, with whom Hugh was then in disagreement.

 

Marital problems[edit]

As early as 989, having been rebuffed in his search for a Byzantine princess,[7] Hugh Capet arranged for Robert to marry Rozala, the recently widowed daughter of Berengar II of Italy, many years his senior, who took the name of Susanna upon becoming Queen.[8] She was the widow of Arnulf II of Flanders, with whom she had two children. Robert divorced her within a year of his father's death in 996. He tried instead to marry Bertha, daughter of Conrad of Burgundy, around the time of his father's death. She was a widow of Odo I of Blois, but was also Robert's cousin. For reasons of consanguinity, Pope Gregory V refused to sanction the marriage, and Robert was excommunicated.[9] After long negotiations with Gregory's successor, Sylvester II, the marriage was annulled.

 

 

 

Finally, in 1001, Robert entered into his final and longest-lasting marriage to Constance of Arles, the daughter of William I of Provence. Her southern customs and entourage were regarded with suspicion at court. After his companion Hugh of Beauvais urged the king to repudiate her as well, knights of her kinsman Fulk III, Count of Anjou had Beauvais murdered. The king and Bertha then went to Rome to ask Pope Sergius IV for an annulment so they could remarry.[10] After this was refused, he went back to Constance and fathered several children by her. Her ambition alienated the chroniclers of her day, who blamed her for several of the king's decisions. Constance and Robert remained married until his death in 1031.

 

Piety[edit]

Robert was a devout Catholic, hence his sobriquet "the Pious." He was musically inclined, being a composer, chorister, and poet, and made his palace a place of religious seclusion where he conducted the matins and vespers in his royal robes. Robert's reputation for piety also resulted from his lack of toleration for heretics, whom he harshly punished. He is credited with advocating forced conversions of local Jewry. He supported riots against the Jews of Orléans who were accused of conspiring to destroy the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem.[11] Furthermore, Robert reinstated the Roman imperial custom of burning heretics at the stake.[12]

 

Military career[edit]

The kingdom Robert inherited was not large, and in an effort to increase his power, he vigorously pursued his claim to any feudal lands that became vacant, usually resulting in war with a counter-claimant. In 1003, his invasion of the Duchy of Burgundy was thwarted, and it would not be until 1016 that he was finally able to get the support of the Church to be recognized as Duke of Burgundy.

 

The pious Robert made few friends and many enemies, including his own sons: Hugh, Henry, and Robert. They turned against their father in a civil war over power and property. Hugh died in revolt in 1025. In a conflict with Henry and the younger Robert, King Robert's army was defeated, and he retreated to Beaugency outside Paris, his capital. He died in the middle of the war with his sons on 20 July 1031 at Melun. He was interred with Constance in Saint Denis Basilica and succeeded by his son Henry, in both France and Burgundy.

 

Children[edit]

 

Effigies of Robert II (middle) and Constance d'Arles (front) at Basilique Saint-Denis.

Robert had no children from his short-lived marriage to Susanna. His illegal marriage to Bertha gave him one stillborn son in 999, but only Constance gave him surviving children:

 

Hedwig (or Advisa), Countess of Auxerre (c. 1003 – after 1063), married Renauld I, Count of Nevers[13] on 25 January 1016 and had issue.

Hugh Magnus, co-king (1007 – 17 September 1025)

Henry I, successor (4 May 1008 – 4 August 1060)

Adela, Countess of Flanders (1009 – 5 June 1063), married (1) Richard III of Normandy and (2) Count Baldwin V of Flanders.

Robert (1011 – 21 March 1076)

Odo or Eudes (1013–c.1056), who may have been intellectually disabled and died after his brother's failed invasion of Normandy

Constance (1014–1052), married Count Manasses de Dammartin.

Robert also left an illegitimate son: Rudolph, Bishop of Bourges.

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