February 26 » Galileo Galilei is formally banned by the Roman Catholic Church from teaching or defending the view that the earth orbits the sun.
March 5 » Nicolaus Copernicus's book On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres is added to the Index of Forbidden Books 73 years after it was first published.
March 20 » Sir Walter Raleigh is freed from the Tower of London after 13 years of imprisonment.
May 3 » Treaty of Loudun ends French civil war.
July 11 » Samuel de Champlain returns to Quebec.
October 25 » Dutch sea-captain Dirk Hartog makes the second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at the later-named Dirk Hartog Island off the West Australian coast.
May 14 » Four-year-old Louis XIV becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Louis XIII.
May 19 » Thirty Years' War: French forces under the duc d'Enghien decisively defeat Spanish forces at the Battle of Rocroi, marking the symbolic end of Spain as a dominant land power.
July 1 » First meeting of the Westminster Assembly, a council of theologians ("divines") and members of the Parliament of England appointed to restructure the Church of England, at Westminster Abbey in London.
July 13 » English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down: In England, Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester, commanding the Royalist forces, heavily defeats the Parliamentarian forces led by Sir William Waller.
August 24 » A Dutch fleet establishes a new colony in the ruins of Valdivia in southern Chile.
December 13 » English Civil War: The Battle of Alton takes place in Hampshire.
January 17 » England's Long Parliament passes the "Vote of No Addresses", breaking off negotiations with King Charles I and thereby setting the scene for the second phase of the English Civil War.
January 30 » Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster and Osnabrück is signed, ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain.
August 8 » Mehmed IV (1648–1687) succeeds Ibrahim I (1640–1648) as Ottoman Emperor.
August 20 » Battle of Lens: French Duc d'Enghien defeats Spaniards
August 28 » The Siege of Colchester ends when Royalists Forces surrender to the Parliamentary Forces after eleven weeks, during the Second English Civil War.
October 18 » Boston Shoemakers form first American labor organization.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: AnneMarie Pragt-Zoelman, "Zoelman Hake", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/zoelman-hake/I4882.php : accessed February 17, 2026), "Anna Dorothea van Grapendorff (1616-1648)".
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