The temperature on October 3, 1877 was about 13.1 °C. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 78%. Source: KNMI
From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 28 » The Second Boer War: The 118-day "Siege of Ladysmith" is lifted.
April 30 » Hawaii becomes a territory of the United States, with Sanford B. Dole as governor.
May 17 » The children's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, by L. Frank Baum, is first published in the United States. The first copy is given to the author's sister.
June 5 » Second Boer War: British soldiers take Pretoria.
December 14 » Quantum mechanics: Max Planck presents a theoretical derivation of his black-body radiation law.
December 18 » The Upper Ferntree Gully to Gembrook, Victoria Narrow-gauge (2ft 6 in or 762mm) Railway (now the Puffing Billy Railway) in Victoria, Australia is opened for traffic.
Day of death July 31, 1974
The temperature on July 31, 1974 was between 15.0 °C and 21.3 °C and averaged 17.9 °C. There was -0.1 mm of rain. There was 3.7 hours of sunshine (24%). The heavily clouded was. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from Friday, May 11, 1973 to Monday, December 19, 1977 the cabinet Den Uyl, with Drs. J.M. den Uyl (PvdA) as prime minister.
February 1 » A fire in the 25-story Joelma Building in São Paulo, Brazil kills 189 and injures 293.
May 9 » Watergate scandal: The United States House Committee on the Judiciary opens formal and public impeachment hearings against President Richard Nixon.
June 26 » The Universal Product Code is scanned for the first time to sell a package of Wrigley's chewing gum at the Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio.
August 4 » A bomb explodes in the Italicus Express train at San Benedetto Val di Sambro, Italy, killing 12 people and wounding 22.
December 1 » Northwest Airlines Flight 6231, another Boeing 727, crashes northwest of John F. Kennedy International Airport.
December 24 » Cyclone Tracy devastates Darwin, Australia.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Kerri Wiggins, "Wiggins-Mergenthaler Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/wiggins-mergenthaler-family-tree/P928.php : accessed May 14, 2025), "Martha Elnora Cackler (1877-1974)".
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