January 7 » Galileo Galilei makes his first observation of the four Galilean moons: Ganymede, Callisto, Io and Europa, although he is not able to distinguish the last two until the following day.
June 5 » The masque Tethys' Festival is performed at Whitehall Palace to celebrate the investiture of Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales.
July 4 » The Battle of Klushino is fought between forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russia during the Polish–Muscovite War.
July 5 » John Guy sets sail from Bristol with 39 other colonists for Newfoundland.
August 9 » The First Anglo-Powhatan War begins in colonial Virginia.
October 17 » French king Louis XIII is crowned in Reims Cathedral.
May 18 » In Dorchester, Massachusetts, John Winthrop takes the oath of office and becomes the first Governor of Massachusetts.
May 20 » The city of Magdeburg in Germany is seized by forces of the Holy Roman Empire and most of its inhabitants massacred, in one of the bloodiest incidents of the Thirty Years' War.
May 30 » Publication of Gazette de France, the first French newspaper.
June 17 » Mumtaz Mahal dies during childbirth. Her husband, Mughal emperor Shah Jahan I, will spend the next 17 years building her mausoleum, the Taj Mahal.
June 20 » The Sack of Baltimore: The Irish village of Baltimore is attacked by Algerian pirates.
October 10 » Thirty Years' War: An army of the Electorate of Saxony seizes Prague.
February 17 » Sixteen men of Pascual de Iriate's expedition are lost at Evangelistas Islets at the western end of the Strait of Magellan.
June 1 » Battle of Öland: allied Danish-Dutch forces defeat the Swedish navy in the Baltic Sea, during the Scanian War (1675–79).
June 2 » Franco-Dutch War: France ensured the supremacy of its naval fleet for the remainder of the war with its victory in the Battle of Palermo.
July 30 » Nathaniel Bacon issues the "Declaration of the People of Virginia", beginning Bacon's Rebellion against the rule of Governor William Berkeley.
August 12 » Praying Indian John Alderman shoots and kills Metacomet, the Wampanoag war chief, ending King Philip's War.
November 21 » The Danish astronomer Ole Rømer presents the first quantitative measurements of the speed of light.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Mike Whitworth, "Whitworth Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/whitworth-tree/I282561670936.php : accessed May 3, 2025), "Lydia "Lidia" (Lydia "Lidia") Eliot (Wight) (1610-1676)".
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