January 7 » Galileo Galilei makes his first observation of the four Galilean moons: Ganymede, Callisto, Io and Europa, although he is not able to distinguish the last two until the following day.
May 14 » Henry IV of France is assassinated by Catholic zealot François Ravaillac, and Louis XIII ascends the throne.
July 4 » The Battle of Klushino is fought between forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russia during the Polish–Muscovite War.
July 5 » John Guy sets sail from Bristol with 39 other colonists for Newfoundland.
August 2 » During Henry Hudson's search for the Northwest Passage, he sails into what is now known as Hudson Bay.
August 9 » The First Anglo-Powhatan War begins in colonial Virginia.
April 25 » The Chongzhen Emperor, the last Emperor of Ming dynasty China, commits suicide during a peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng.
May 27 » Manchu regent Dorgon defeats rebel leader Li Zicheng of the Shun dynasty at the Battle of Shanhai Pass, allowing the Manchus to enter and conquer the capital city of Beijing.
September 1 » Battle of Tippermuir: James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose defeats the Earl of Wemyss's Covenanters, reviving the Royalist cause.
October 27 » Second Battle of Newbury in the English Civil War.
November 8 » The Shunzhi Emperor, the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, is enthroned in Beijing after the collapse of the Ming dynasty as the first Qing emperor to rule over China.
November 23 » John Milton publishes Areopagitica, a pamphlet decrying censorship.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Mike Whitworth, "Whitworth Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/whitworth-tree/I282459755793.php : accessed May 2, 2025), "Mary Bethenia Broadnax 10 E (1610-1644)".
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