February 17 » On his way to be burned at the stake for heresy, at Campo de' Fiori in Rome, the philosopher Giordano Bruno has a wooden vise put on his tongue to prevent him continuing to speak.
February 19 » The Peruvian stratovolcano Huaynaputina explodes in the most violent eruption in the recorded history of South America.
March 20 » The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden: five Swedish noblemen are publicly beheaded in the aftermath of the War against Sigismund (1598–1599).
August 5 » The Gowrie Conspiracy against King James VI of Scotland (later to become King James I of England) takes place.
October 6 » Euridice, the earliest surviving opera, receives its première performance, beginning the Baroque period.
October 21 » Tokugawa Ieyasu defeats the leaders of rival Japanese clans in the Battle of Sekigahara and becomes shōgun of Japan.
August 19 » Second Anglo-Dutch War: Rear Admiral Robert Holmes leads a raid on the Dutch island of Terschelling, destroying 150 merchant ships, an act later known as "Holmes's Bonfire".
September 2 » The Great Fire of London breaks out and burns for three days, destroying 10,000 buildings, including Old St Paul's Cathedral.
September 3 » The Royal Exchange burns down in the Great Fire of London.
September 4 » In London, England, the most destructive damage from the Great Fire occurs.
September 5 » Great Fire of London ends: Ten thousand buildings, including Old St Paul's Cathedral, are destroyed, but only six people are known to have died.
November 28 » At least 3,000 men of the Royal Scots Army led by Tam Dalyell of the Binns defeat about 900 Covenanter rebels in the Battle of Rullion Green.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Mike Whitworth, "Whitworth Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/whitworth-tree/I282459009636.php : accessed May 2, 2025), "Sir Robert William Thomson Jr 9 S (1600-1666)".
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