The temperature on December 1, 1878 was about 2.7 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 85%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 16 » Russo-Turkish War (1877–78): Battle of Philippopolis: Captain Aleksandr Burago with a squadron of Russian Imperial army dragoons liberates Plovdiv from Ottoman rule.
February 21 » The first telephone directory is issued in New Haven, Connecticut.
June 4 » Cyprus Convention: The Ottoman Empire cedes Cyprus to the United Kingdom but retains nominal title.
July 13 » Treaty of Berlin: The European powers redraw the map of the Balkans. Serbia, Montenegro and Romania become completely independent of the Ottoman Empire.
September 3 » Over 640 die when the crowded pleasure boat Princess Alice collides with the Bywell Castle in the River Thames.
December 31 » Karl Benz, working in Mannheim, Germany, filed for a patent on his first reliable two-stroke gas engine, and he was granted the patent in 1879.
Day of marriage January 15, 1903
The temperature on January 15, 1903 was between -6.9 °C and -1.0 °C and averaged -4.1 °C. There was 6.9 hours of sunshine (84%). Source: KNMI
April 26 » Atlético Madrid Association football club is founded
July 23 » The Ford Motor Company sells its first car.
August 3 » Macedonian rebels in Kruševo proclaim the Kruševo Republic, which exists for only ten days before Ottoman Turks lay waste to the town.
October 10 » The Women's Social and Political Union is founded in support of the enfranchisement of British women.
December 16 » Taj Mahal Palace & Tower hotel in Bombay first opens its doors to guests.
December 30 » A fire at the Iroquois Theater in Chicago, Illinois kills at least 605.
Day of death July 25, 1904
The temperature on July 25, 1904 was between 16.4 °C and 25.5 °C and averaged 20.7 °C. There was 6.1 hours of sunshine (38%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northeast. Source: KNMI
January 17 » Anton Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard receives its premiere performance at the Moscow Art Theatre.
February 9 » Russo-Japanese War: Battle of Port Arthur concludes.
April 8 » The French Third Republic and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland sign the Entente cordiale.
May 15 » Russo-Japanese War: The Russian minelayer Amur lays a minefield about 15 miles off Port Arthur and sinks Japan's battleships Hatsuse, 15,000 tons, with 496 crew and Yashima.
June 16 » Irish author James Joyce begins a relationship with Nora Barnacle and subsequently uses the date to set the actions for his novel Ulysses; this date is now traditionally called "Bloomsday".
June 28 » The SSNorge runs aground on Hasselwood Rock in the North Atlantic 430 kilometres (270mi) northwest of Ireland. More than 635 people die during the sinking.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Coos van Spijk, "Family tree of Spijk and her many ancestors", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/van-spijk-stamboom/I90474.php : accessed February 17, 2026), "Niesje de Mol (1878-1904)".
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