The temperature on October 13, 1881 was about 8.2 °C. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 83%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
February 24 » China and Russia sign the Sino-Russian Ili Treaty.
April 16 » In Dodge City, Kansas, Bat Masterson fights his last gun battle.
June 14 » The White Rajahs territories become the British protectorate of Sarawak.
July 2 » Charles J. Guiteau shoots and fatally wounds U.S. President James A. Garfield (who will die of complications from his wounds on September 19).
September 19 » U.S. President James A. Garfield dies of wounds suffered in a July 2 shooting. Vice President Chester A. Arthur becomes President upon Garfield's death.
September 20 » U.S. President Chester A. Arthur is sworn in, the morning after becoming President upon James A. Garfield's death.
Day of marriage December 14, 1911
The temperature on December 14, 1911 was between 2.1 °C and 8.9 °C and averaged 5.1 °C. There was 1.6 mm of rain. There was 2.4 hours of sunshine (31%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south. Source: KNMI
May 19 » Parks Canada, the world's first national park service, is established as the Dominion Parks Branch under the Department of the Interior.
August 24 » Manuel de Arriaga is elected and sworn-in as the first President of Portugal.
September 23 » Pilot Earle Ovington makes the first official airmail delivery in America under the authority of the United States Post Office Department
September 29 » Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
October 5 » The Kowloon–Canton Railway commences service.
November 17 » Omega Psi Phi fraternity was founded on the campus of Howard University in Washington, D.C.
Day of death April 16, 1952
The temperature on April 16, 1952 was between 7.3 °C and 20.3 °C and averaged 13.5 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. There was 10.7 hours of sunshine (77%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north. Source: KNMI
February 26 » Vincent Massey is sworn in as the first Canadian-born Governor General of Canada.
March 15 » In Cilaos, Réunion, 1870mm (73inches) of rain falls in a 24-hour period, setting a new world record (March 15 through March 16).
April 9 » Hugo Ballivián's government is overthrown by the Bolivian National Revolution, starting a period of agrarian reform, universal suffrage and the nationalization of tin mines
April 15 » First flight of the Boeing B-52 Stratofortress.
June 13 » Catalina affair: A Swedish Douglas DC-3 is shot down by a Soviet MiG-15 fighter.
September 15 » The United Nations cedes Eritrea to Ethiopia.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Coos van Spijk, "Family tree of Spijk and her many ancestors", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/van-spijk-stamboom/I72397.php : accessed February 27, 2026), "Tjeltje Bottema (Tjettke) (1881-1952)".
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