The temperature on August 21, 1865 was about 18.9 °C. There was 7 mm of rain. The air pressure was 17 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 83%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
March 4 » The third and final national flag of the Confederate States of America is adopted by the Confederate Congress.
March 19 » American Civil War: The Battle of Bentonville begins. By the end of the battle two days later, Confederate forces had retreated from Four Oaks, North Carolina.
April 3 » American Civil War: Union forces capture Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederate States of America.
April 26 » American Civil War: Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston surrenders his army to General William Tecumseh Sherman at the Bennett Place near Durham, North Carolina. Also the date of Confederate Memorial Day for two states.
April 27 » The New York State Senate creates Cornell University as the state's land grant institution.
November 26 » Battle of Papudo: A Spanish navy schooner is defeated by a Chilean corvette north of Valparaíso, Chile.
Day of marriage May 28, 1892
The temperature on May 28, 1892 was about 27.9 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 48%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 21, 1891 to May 9, 1894 the cabinet Van Tienhoven, with Mr. G. van Tienhoven (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
May 28 » In San Francisco, John Muir organizes the Sierra Club.
June 11 » The Limelight Department, one of the world's first film studios, is officially established in Melbourne, Australia.
July 7 » The Katipunan is established, the discovery of which by Spanish authorities initiated the Philippine Revolution.
September 9 » Amalthea, third moon of Jupiter is discovered by Edward Emerson Barnard.
October 12 » The Pledge of Allegiance is first recited by students in many US public schools.
October 13 » Edward Emerson Barnard discovers first comet discovered by photographic means.
Day of death December 12, 1909
The temperature on December 12, 1909 was between -1.2 °C and 5.3 °C and averaged 2.3 °C. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east-northeast. Source: KNMI
February 12 » New Zealand's worst maritime disaster of the 20th century happens when the SSPenguin, an inter-island ferry, sinks and explodes at the entrance to Wellington Harbour.
February 23 » The AEA Silver Dart makes the first powered flight in Canada and the British Empire.
April 9 » The U.S. Congress passes the Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act.
April 27 » Sultan of Ottoman Empire Abdul Hamid II is overthrown, and is succeeded by his brother, Mehmed V.
July 16 » Persian Constitutional Revolution: Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar is forced out as Shah of Persia and is replaced by his son Ahmad Shah Qajar.
September 7 » Eugène Lefebvre crashes a new French-built Wright biplane during a test flight at Juvisy, south of Paris, becoming the first aviator in the world to lose his life in a powered heavier-than-air craft.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Coos van Spijk, "Family tree of Spijk and her many ancestors", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/van-spijk-stamboom/I67504.php : accessed February 22, 2026), "Josephine Alida Susanna Harloff (1865-1909)".
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