The temperature on February 22, 1878 was about 10.3 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 78 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 86%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 19 » Thomas Edison patents the phonograph.
February 21 » The first telephone directory is issued in New Haven, Connecticut.
March 15 » Restoration of the Scottish Catholic hierarchy, broken off back in 1603.
June 10 » League of Prizren is established, to oppose the decisions of the Congress of Berlin and the Treaty of San Stefano, as a consequence of which the Albanian lands in the Balkans were being partitioned and given to the neighbor states of Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, and Greece.
June 15 » Eadweard Muybridge takes a series of photographs to prove that all four feet of a horse leave the ground when it runs; the study becomes the basis of motion pictures.
July 1 » Canada joins the Universal Postal Union.
Day of marriage October 30, 1902
The temperature on October 30, 1902 was between 3.7 °C and 9.1 °C and averaged 6.6 °C. Source: KNMI
January 1 » The first American college football bowl game, the Rose Bowl between Michigan and Stanford, is held in Pasadena, California.
January 28 » The Carnegie Institution of Washington is founded in Washington, D.C. with a $10 million gift from Andrew Carnegie.
March 7 » Second Boer War: Boers, led by Koos de la Rey, inflict the biggest defeat upon the British since the beginning of the war, at Tweebosch.
April 14 » James Cash Penney opens his first store in Kemmerer, Wyoming.
May 31 » Second Boer War: The Treaty of Vereeniging ends the war and ensures British control of South Africa.
December 28 » The Syracuse Athletic Club defeated the New York Philadelphians, 5–0, in the first indoor professional football game, which was held at Madison Square Garden.
Day of death March 19, 1947
The temperature on March 19, 1947 was between 1.8 °C and 11.8 °C and averaged 6.8 °C. There was 2.3 mm of rain during 2.5 hours. There was 4.2 hours of sunshine (35%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
March 8 » Thirteen thousand troops of the Republic of China Army arrive in Taiwan after the February 28 Incident and launch crackdowns which kill thousands of people, including many elites. This turns into a major root of the Taiwan independence movement.
July 1 » The Philippine Air Force is established.
August 7 » Thor Heyerdahl's balsa wood raft, the Kon-Tiki, smashes into the reef at Raroia in the Tuamotu Islands after a 101-day, 7,000 kilometres (4,300mi) journey across the Pacific Ocean in an attempt to prove that pre-historic peoples could have traveled from South America.
October 26 » Kashmir conflict: The Maharaja of Kashmir and Jammu signs the Instrument of Accession with India.
December 17 » First flight of the Boeing B-47 Stratojet strategic bomber.
December 30 » Cold War: King Michael I of Romania is forced to abdicate by the Soviet Union-backed Communist government of Romania.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Coos van Spijk, "Family tree of Spijk and her many ancestors", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/van-spijk-stamboom/I31196.php : accessed February 17, 2026), "Leendert Gottschall (1878-1947)".
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