The temperature on March 28, 1857 was about 5.1 °C. There was 1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-northwest. The atmospheric humidity was 97%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
January 24 » The University of Calcutta is formally founded as the first fully fledged university in South Asia.
March 23 » Elisha Otis's first elevator is installed at 488 Broadway New York City.
March 29 » Sepoy Mangal Pandey of the 34th Regiment, Bengal Native Infantry mutinies against the East India Company's rule in India and inspires the protracted Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny.
May 26 » Dred Scott is emancipated by the Blow family, his original owners.
August 24 » The Panic of 1857 begins, setting off one of the most severe economic crises in United States history.
November 16 » Second relief of Lucknow: Twenty-four Victoria Crosses are awarded, the most in a single day.
Day of marriage July 29, 1882
The temperature on July 29, 1882 was about 20.9 °C. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 61%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
March 4 » Britain's first electric trams run in east London.
March 29 » The Knights of Columbus is established.
June 30 » Charles J. Guiteau is hanged in Washington, D.C. for the assassination of U.S. President James Garfield.
July 11 » The British Mediterranean Fleet begins the Bombardment of Alexandria in Egypt as part of the Anglo-Egyptian War.
September 13 » Anglo-Egyptian War: The Battle of Tel el-Kebir is fought.
December 6 » Transit of Venus, second and last of the 19th century.
Day of death November 19, 1909
The temperature on November 19, 1909 was between -5.3 °C and 5.3 °C and averaged -1.0 °C. There was 7.5 hours of sunshine (87%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the east. Source: KNMI
January 28 » United States troops leave Cuba with the exception of Guantanamo Bay Naval Base after being there since the Spanish–American War.
March 10 » By signing the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909, Thailand relinquishes its sovereignty over the Malay states of Kedah, Kelantan, Perlis and Terengganu, which become British protectorates.
April 14 » A massacre is organized by the Ottoman Empire against the Armenian population of Cilicia.
April 18 » Joan of Arc is beatified in Rome.
May 31 » The National Negro Committee, forerunner to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), convenes for the first time.
August 24 » Workers start pouring concrete for the Panama Canal.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Coos van Spijk, "Family tree of Spijk and her many ancestors", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/van-spijk-stamboom/I16909.php : accessed March 3, 2026), "Pieter Vink (1857-1909)".
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