The temperature on November 12, 1878 was about 1.2 °C. There was 4 mm of rain. The air pressure was 4 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 92%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 22 » In Utica, New York, Frank Woolworth opens the first of many of five-and-dime Woolworth stores.
July 1 » Canada joins the Universal Postal Union.
September 1 » Emma Nutt becomes the world's first female telephone operator when she is recruited by Alexander Graham Bell to the Boston Telephone Dispatch Company.
September 3 » Over 640 die when the crowded pleasure boat Princess Alice collides with the Bywell Castle in the River Thames.
December 18 » The Al-Thani family become the rulers of the state of Qatar.
December 31 » Karl Benz, working in Mannheim, Germany, filed for a patent on his first reliable two-stroke gas engine, and he was granted the patent in 1879.
Day of marriage December 16, 1897
The temperature on December 16, 1897 was about 10.2 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 87%. Source: KNMI
January 31 » Czechoslav Trade Union Association is founded in Prague.
February 28 » Queen Ranavalona III, the last monarch of Madagascar, is deposed by a French military force.
April 30 » J. J. Thomson of the Cavendish Laboratory announces his discovery of the electron as a subatomic particle, over 1,800 times smaller than a proton (in the atomic nucleus), at a lecture at the Royal Institution in London.
June 16 » A treaty annexing the Republic of Hawaii to the United States is signed; the Republic would not be dissolved until a year later.
September 12 » Tirah Campaign: In the Battle of Saragarhi, ten thousand Pashtun tribesmen suffer several hundred casualties while attacking 21 Sikh soldiers in British service.
November 1 » The first Library of Congress building opens its doors to the public; the library had previously been housed in the Congressional Reading Room in the U.S. Capitol.
Day of death September 6, 1957
The temperature on September 6, 1957 was between 10.7 °C and 20.1 °C and averaged 15.2 °C. There was 7.4 hours of sunshine (56%). The partly or heavily clouded was. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
March 31 » Elections to the Territorial Assembly of the French colony Upper Volta are held. After the elections PDU and MDV form a government.
July 11 » Prince Karim Husseini Aga Khan IV inherits the office of Imamat as the 49th Imam of Shia Imami Ismai'li worldwide, after the death of Sir Sultan Mahommed Shah Aga Khan III.
September 4 » American Civil Rights Movement: Little Rock Crisis: Orval Faubus, governor of Arkansas, calls out the National Guard to prevent African American students from enrolling in Central High School.
October 10 » The Windscale fire results in Britain's worst nuclear accident.
October 10 » U.S. President Eisenhower apologizes to Ghanaian finance minister Gbedemah after he is refused service in a Delaware restaurant.
December 2 » United Nations Security Council Resolution 126 relating to Kashmir conflict is adopted.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Coos van Spijk, "Family tree of Spijk and her many ancestors", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/van-spijk-stamboom/I129352.php : accessed February 7, 2026), "Elisabeth Kruis (1878-1957)".
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