The temperature on May 10, 1861 was about 7.7 °C. There was 14 mm of rain. The air pressure was 6.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 95%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
March 20 » An earthquake destroys Mendoza, Argentina.
May 13 » American Civil War: Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom issues a "proclamation of neutrality" which recognizes the Confederacy as having belligerent rights.
May 13 » Pakistan's (then a part of British India) first railway line opens, from Karachi to Kotri.
August 5 » American Civil War: In order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government levies the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 (3% of all incomes over US$800; rescinded in 1872).
November 21 » American Civil War: Confederate President Jefferson Davis appoints Judah Benjamin Secretary of War.
November 28 » American Civil War: The Confederate States of America accept a rival state government's pronouncement that declares Missouri to be the 12th state of the Confederacy.
Day of death October 13, 1903
The temperature on October 13, 1903 was between 9.5 °C and 15.1 °C and averaged 12.1 °C. There was 5.8 hours of sunshine (53%). Source: KNMI
January 17 » El Yunque National Forest in Puerto Rico becomes part of the United States National Forest System as the Luquillo Forest Reserve.
February 23 » Cuba leases Guantánamo Bay to the United States "in perpetuity".
March 2 » In New York City the Martha Washington Hotel opens, becoming the first hotel exclusively for women.
March 14 » Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge, the first national wildlife refuge in the US, is established by President Theodore Roosevelt.
August 3 » Macedonian rebels in Kruševo proclaim the Kruševo Republic, which exists for only ten days before Ottoman Turks lay waste to the town.
November 18 » The Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty is signed by the United States and Panama, giving the United States exclusive rights over the Panama Canal Zone.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: aart van rumpt , "Family tree Van Rumpt", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/van-rumpt-stamboom/I167403.php : accessed March 5, 2026), "Bernardus Zwaartman (1861-1903)".
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