January 2 » American statesman and diplomat John Hay announces the Open Door Policy to promote trade with China.
January 6 » Second Boer War: Having already besieged the fortress at Ladysmith, Boer forces attack it, but are driven back by British defenders.
May 17 » The children's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, by L. Frank Baum, is first published in the United States. The first copy is given to the author's sister.
June 21 » Boxer Rebellion. China formally declares war on the United States, Britain, Germany, France and Japan, as an edict issued from the Empress Dowager Cixi.
July 19 » The first line of the Paris Métro opens for operation.
August 16 » The Battle of Elands River during the Second Boer War ends after a 13-day siege is lifted by the British. The battle had begun when a force of between 2,000 and 3,000 Boers had surrounded a force of 500 Australians, Rhodesians, Canadians and British soldiers at a supply dump at Brakfontein Drift.
Day of marriage August 20, 1923
The temperature on August 20, 1923 was between 12.3 °C and 16.4 °C and averaged 14.5 °C. There was 3.2 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 19, 1922 to August 4, 1925 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck II, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
April 15 » Insulin becomes generally available for use by people with diabetes.
September 12 » Southern Rhodesia, today called Zimbabwe, is annexed by the United Kingdom.
September 29 » The British Mandate for Palestine takes effect, creating Mandatory Palestine.
September 29 » The French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon takes effect.
October 13 » Ankara becomes the capital of Turkey.
November 8 » Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the German government.
Day of death March 30, 1931
The temperature on March 30, 1931 was between -3.1 °C and 7.5 °C and averaged 2.1 °C. There was 3.2 hours of sunshine (25%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east-northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1929 to May 26, 1933 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck III, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
March 3 » The United States adopts The Star-Spangled Banner as its national anthem.
March 23 » Bhagat Singh, Shivaram Rajguru and Sukhdev Thapar are hanged for the killing of a deputy superintendent of police during the Indian independence movement.
July 1 » United Airlines begins service (as Boeing Air Transport).
August 24 » France and the Soviet Union sign a neutrality pact.
August 24 » Resignation of the United Kingdom's Second Labour Government. Formation of the UK National Government.
October 1 » Clara Campoamor persuades the Constituent Cortes to enfranchise women in Spain's new constitution.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Frans Van Gestel, "Family tree Van Gestel", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/van-gestel-stamboom/I658.php : accessed March 6, 2026), "Maria_Theresia_Ludovica Van_Dun (1900-1931)".
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