March 12 » Ignatius of Loyola and Francis Xavier, founders of the Society of Jesus, are canonized by the Roman Catholic Church.
March 22 » Jamestown massacre: Algonquians kill 347 English settlers around Jamestown, Virginia, a third of the colony's population, during the Second Anglo-Powhatan War.
April 22 » The Capture of Ormuz by the East India Company ends Portuguese control of Hormuz Island.
June 24 » Battle of Macau: The Dutch make a failed attempt to capture Macau.
December 18 » Portuguese forces score a military victory over the Kingdom of Kongo at the Battle of Mbumbi in present-day Angola.
December 22 » The town of Bucaramanga, Colombia, is founded by Andres Paes de Sotomayor.
April 23 » The Siege of Santo Domingo begins during the Anglo-Spanish War, and fails seven days later.
May 19 » The Invasion of Jamaica begins during the Anglo-Spanish War.
July 31 » Russo-Polish War (1654–67): The Russian army enters the capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Vilnius, which it holds for six years.
August 23 » Battle of Sobota: The Swedish Empire led by Charles X Gustav defeats the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
September 8 » Warsaw falls without resistance to a small force under the command of Charles X Gustav of Sweden during The Deluge, making it the first time the city is captured by a foreign army.
December 27 » Second Northern War/the Deluge: Monks at the Jasna Góra Monastery in Częstochowa are successful in fending off a month-long siege.
February 12 » The Convention Parliament declares that the flight to France in 1688 by James II, the last Roman Catholic British monarch, constitutes an abdication.
February 13 » William and Mary are proclaimed co-rulers of England.
May 24 » The English Parliament passes the Act of Toleration protecting dissenting Protestants but excluding Roman Catholics.
August 21 » The Battle of Dunkeld in Scotland.
August 27 » The Treaty of Nerchinsk is signed by Russia and the Qing Empire (Julian calendar).
December 16 » Convention Parliament: The Declaration of Right is embodied in the Bill of Rights.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Frans Van Gestel, "Family tree Van Gestel", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/van-gestel-stamboom/I606.php : accessed February 25, 2026), "Wilhelmus Joannes van Gestel (1622-1689)".
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