Family tree Van der Waal » aart van der GRIEND (1791-1880)

Day of marriage February 21, 1818

• The temperature on February 21, 1818 was about 7.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southwest. Weather type: betrokken regen . Source: KNMI
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  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In the year 1818: Source: Wikipedia
  • January 15 » A paper by David Brewster is read to the Royal Society, belatedly announcing his discovery of what we now call the biaxial class of doubly-refracting crystals. On the same day, Augustin-Jean Fresnel signs a "supplement" (submitted four days later) on reflection of polarized light.
  • March 16 » In the Second Battle of Cancha Rayada, Spanish forces defeated Chileans under José de San Martín.
  • March 30 » Physicist Augustin Fresnel reads a memoir on optical rotation to the French Academy of Sciences, reporting that when polarized light is "depolarized" by a Fresnel rhomb, its properties are preserved in any subsequent passage through an optically-rotating crystal or liquid.
  • April 5 » In the Battle of Maipú, Chile's independence movement, led by Bernardo O'Higgins and José de San Martín, win a decisive victory over Spain, leaving 2,000 Spaniards and 1,000 Chilean patriots dead.
  • April 20 » The case of Ashford v Thornton ends, with Abraham Thornton allowed to go free rather than face a retrial for murder, after his demand for trial by battle is upheld.
  • October 20 » The Convention of 1818 is signed between the United States and the United Kingdom, which settles the Canada–United States border on the 49th parallel for most of its length.

Day of death October 26, 1880

• The temperature on October 26, 1880 was about 6.0 °C. There was 0.6 mm of rain. The air pressure was 4 kgf/m² and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 88%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
• In the year 1880: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 4.0 million citizens.
  • January 27 » Thomas Edison receives a patent for his incandescent lamp.
  • May 11 » Seven people are killed in the Mussel Slough Tragedy, a gun battle in California.
  • June 7 » War of the Pacific: The Battle of Arica, the assault and capture of Morro de Arica (Arica Cape), ends the Campaña del Desierto (Desert Campaign).
  • June 24 » First performance of O Canada at the Congrès national des Canadiens-Français. The song would later become the national anthem of Canada.
  • June 29 » France annexes Tahiti, renaming the independent Kingdom of Tahiti as "Etablissements de français de l'Océanie".
  • September 16 » The Cornell Daily Sun prints its first issue in Ithaca, New York. The Sun is the United States' oldest, continuously-independent college daily.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1864 » William T. Anderson, American captain (b. 1838)
• 1866 » John Kinder Labatt, Irish-Canadian brewer, founded the Labatt Brewing Company (b. 1803)
• 1871 » Robert Anderson (Civil War), American general (b. 1805)
• 1890 » Carlo Collodi, Italian journalist and author (b. 1826)
• 1896 » Paul-Armand Challemel-Lacour, French philosopher, academic, and politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1827)
• 1902 » Elizabeth Cady Stanton, American activist (b. 1815)