The temperature on November 23, 1865 was about 11.3 °C. The air pressure was 14 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 84%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
April 3 » American Civil War: Union forces capture Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederate States of America.
April 20 » Astronomer Angelo Secchi demonstrates the Secchi disk, which measures water clarity, aboard Pope Pius IX's yacht, the L'Immaculata Concezion.
May 26 » American Civil War: The Confederate General Edmund Kirby Smith, commander of the Confederate Trans-Mississippi division, is the last full general of the Confederate Army to surrender, at Galveston, Texas.
June 11 » The Naval Battle of the Riachuelo is fought on the rivulet Riachuelo (Argentina), between the Paraguayan Navy on one side and the Brazilian Navy on the other. The Brazilian victory was crucial for the later success of the Triple Alliance (Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina) in the Paraguayan War.
July 31 » The first narrow-gauge mainline railway in the world opens at Grandchester, Queensland, Australia.
December 1 » Shaw University, the first historically black university in the southern United States, is founded in Raleigh, North Carolina.
Day of death October 6, 1943
The temperature on October 6, 1943 was between 7.9 °C and 16.0 °C and averaged 12.0 °C. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
February 20 » The Saturday Evening Post publishes the first of Norman Rockwell's Four Freedoms in support of United States President Franklin Roosevelt's 1941 State of the Union address theme of Four Freedoms.
February 22 » World War II: Members of the White Rose resistance, Sophie Scholl, Hans Scholl, and Christoph Probst are executed in Nazi Germany.
February 27 » The Smith Mine #3 in Bearcreek, Montana, explodes, killing 74 men.
March 15 » World War II: Third Battle of Kharkov: The Germans retake the city of Kharkov from the Soviet armies in bitter street fighting.
June 20 » World War II: The Royal Air Force launches Operation Bellicose, the first shuttle bombing raid of the war. Lancaster bombers damage the V-2 rocket production facilities at the Zeppelin Works while en route to an air base in Algeria.
October 19 » Streptomycin, the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis, is isolated by researchers at Rutgers University.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Murphy Torn, "Family tree Torn", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/torn-stamboom/P1863.php : accessed February 27, 2026), "Engelica Sophia Maria Theuns (1865-1943)".
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