The Brown Tree » Esther SPIEGELHALTER (1868-1942)

Christening day June 12, 1870

• The temperature on June 12, 1870 was about 12.3 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m² and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 83%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
• In the year 1870: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
  • February 9 » US president Ulysses S. Grant signs a joint resolution of Congress establishing the U.S. Weather Bureau.
  • March 1 » Marshal F. S. López dies during the Battle of Cerro Corá thus marking the end of the Paraguayan War.
  • May 12 » The Manitoba Act is given the Royal Assent, paving the way for Manitoba to become a province of Canada on July 15.
  • August 8 » The Republic of Ploiești, a failed Radical-Liberal rising against Domnitor Carol of Romania.
  • September 1 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Sedan is fought, resulting in a decisive Prussian victory.
  • December 12 » Joseph H. Rainey of South Carolina becomes the second black U.S. congressman.

Day of death July 30, 1942

• The temperature on July 30, 1942 was between 9.3 °C and 21.6 °C and averaged 15.2 °C. There was 13.0 hours of sunshine (83%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north-northwest. Source: KNMI
• Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
• In the year 1942: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 9.0 million citizens.
  • February 27 » World War II: During the Battle of the Java Sea, an Allied strike force is defeated by a Japanese task force in the Java Sea in the Dutch East Indies.
  • May 7 » World War II: During the Battle of the Coral Sea, United States Navy aircraft carrier aircraft attack and sink the Imperial Japanese Navy light aircraft carrier Shōhō; the battle marks the first time in naval history that two enemy fleets fight without visual contact between warring ships.
  • June 20 » The Holocaust: Kazimierz Piechowski and three others, dressed as members of the SS-Totenkopfverbände, steal an SS staff car and escape from the Auschwitz concentration camp.
  • August 26 » At Chortkiv, the Ukrainian police and German Schutzpolizei deport two thousand Jews to Bełżec extermination camp. Five hundred of the sick and children are murdered on the spot. This continued until the next day.
  • November 26 » Casablanca, the movie starring Humphrey Bogart and Ingrid Bergman, premieres in New York City.
  • November 26 » World War II: Yugoslav Partisans convene the first meeting of the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia at Bihać in northwestern Bosnia.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1920 » Albert Gustaf Dahlman, Swedish executioner (b. 1848)
• 1930 » Joan Gamper, Swiss-Spanish footballer and businessman, founded FC Barcelona (b. 1877)
• 1938 » John Derbyshire, English swimmer and water polo player (b. 1878)
• 1941 » Hugo Celmiņš, Latvian politician, former Prime Minister of Latvia (b. 1877)
• 1947 » Joseph Cook, English-Australian miner and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1860)
• 1965 » Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, Japanese author and playwright (b. 1886)