The temperature on October 18, 1821 was about 13.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: betrokken regen. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
June 12 » Badi VII, king of Sennar, surrenders his throne and realm to Isma'il Pasha, general of the Ottoman Empire, ending the existence of that Sudanese kingdom.
June 14 » Badi VII, king of Sennar, surrenders his throne and realm to Ismail Pasha, general of the Ottoman Empire, bringing the 300 year old Sudanese kingdom to an end.
June 19 » Decisive defeat of the Filiki Eteria by the Ottomans at Drăgășani (in Wallachia).
August 24 » The Treaty of Córdoba is signed in Córdoba, now in Veracruz, Mexico, concluding the Mexican War of Independence from Spain.
September 28 » The Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire is drafted. It will be made public on 13 October.
October 13 » The Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire is publicly proclaimed.
Day of death January 14, 1898
The temperature on January 14, 1898 was about 1.9 °C. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 98%. Source: KNMI
January 1 » New York, New York annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York. The four initial boroughs, Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and The Bronx, are joined on January 25 by Staten Island to create the modern city of five boroughs.
February 7 » Dreyfus affair: Émile Zola is brought to trial for libel for publishing J'Accuse…!.
August 13 » Carl Gustav Witt discovers 433 Eros, the first near-Earth asteroid to be found.
August 13 » Spanish–American War: Spanish and American forces engage in a mock battle for Manila, after which the Spanish commander surrendered in order to keep the city out of Filipino rebel hands.
August 25 » Seven hundred Greek civilians, 17 British guards and the British Consul of Crete are killed by a Turkish mob in Heraklion, Greece.
November 3 » France withdraws its troops from Fashoda (now in Sudan), ending the Fashoda Incident.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Martin Brederoo, "Genealogy Brederoo", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/test-brederoo/I4297660.php : accessed February 15, 2026), "Dirk Rietveld (1821-1898)".
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