May 12 » French Wars of Religion: Henry III of France flees Paris after Henry I, Duke of Guise, enters the city and a spontaneous uprising occurs.
May 28 » The Spanish Armada, with 130 ships and 30,000 men, sets sail from Lisbon, Portugal, heading for the English Channel. (It will take until May 30 for all ships to leave port.)
May 30 » The last ship of the Spanish Armada sets sail from Lisbon heading for the English Channel.
July 29 » Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines: English naval forces under the command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake defeat the Spanish Armada off the coast of Gravelines, France.
August 8 » Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines: The naval engagement ends, ending the Spanish Armada's attempt to invade England.
March 1 » Georgeana, Massachusetts (now known as York, Maine), becomes the first incorporated city in the United States.
April 15 » Irish Confederate Wars: A Confederate Irish militia is routed in the Battle of Kilrush when it attempts to halt the progress of a Royalist Army.
May 17 » Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve (1612–1676) founds the Ville Marie de Montréal.
September 23 » The first commencement exercises occur at Harvard College.
November 13 » First English Civil War: Battle of Turnham Green: The Royalist forces withdraw in the face of the Parliamentarian army and fail to take London.
December 13 » Abel Tasman is the first recorded European to sight New Zealand.
May 24 » The Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, England, opens as the world's first university museum.
July 16 » Manchu Qing dynasty naval forces under traitorous commander Shi Lang defeat the Kingdom of Tungning in the Battle of Penghu near the Pescadores Islands.
September 17 » Antonie van Leeuwenhoek writes a letter to the Royal Society describing "animalcules".
October 3 » Qing dynasty naval commander Shi Lang receives the surrender of the Tungning kingdom on Taiwan after the Battle of Penghu.
October 6 » Immigrant families found Germantown, Pennsylvania in the first major immigration of German people to America.
November 1 » The British Crown colony of New York is subdivided into 12 counties.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Keith Swartz, "Swartz/Rand Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/swartz-rand-family-tree/I88902421.php : accessed May 6, 2025), "Margaret POTEIS (1588-1642)".
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