January 7 » French troops, led by Francis, Duke of Guise, take Calais, the last continental possession of England.
April 24 » Mary, Queen of Scots, marries the Dauphin of France, François, at Notre Dame de Paris.
July 13 » Battle of Gravelines: In France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul de Thermes at Gravelines.
October 17 » Poczta Polska, the Polish postal service, is founded.
November 17 » Elizabethan era begins: Queen Mary I of England dies and is succeeded by her half-sister Elizabeth I of England.
February 17 » Sixteen men of Pascual de Iriate's expedition are lost at Evangelistas Islets at the western end of the Strait of Magellan.
June 1 » Battle of Öland: allied Danish-Dutch forces defeat the Swedish navy in the Baltic Sea, during the Scanian War (1675–79).
July 30 » Nathaniel Bacon issues the "Declaration of the People of Virginia", beginning Bacon's Rebellion against the rule of Governor William Berkeley.
August 12 » Praying Indian John Alderman shoots and kills Metacomet, the Wampanoag war chief, ending King Philip's War.
September 19 » Jamestown is burned to the ground by the forces of Nathaniel Bacon during Bacon's Rebellion.
November 21 » The Danish astronomer Ole Rømer presents the first quantitative measurements of the speed of light.
June 25 » Venetian Elena Cornaro Piscopia is the first woman awarded a doctorate of philosophy when she graduates from the University of Padua.
August 3 » Robert LaSalle builds the Le Griffon, the first known ship built on the Great Lakes.
November 25 » Trunajaya rebellion: After a long and logistically challenging march, the allied Mataram and Dutch troops successfully assaulted the rebel stronghold of Kediri.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Keith Swartz, "Swartz/Rand Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/swartz-rand-family-tree/I88894557.php : accessed May 1, 2025), "Frances BROCKET (1558-1676)".
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