March 16 » The Long Parliament of England is dissolved so as to prepare for the new Convention Parliament.
April 23 » Treaty of Oliva is established between Sweden and Poland.
May 21 » The Battle of Long Sault concludes after five days in which French colonial militia, with their Huron and Algonquin allies, are defeated by the Iroquois Confederacy.
May 29 » English Restoration: Charles II is restored to the throne of England, Scotland and Ireland.
November 28 » At Gresham College, twelve men, including Christopher Wren, Robert Boyle, John Wilkins, and Sir Robert Moray decide to found what is later known as the Royal Society.
December 31 » James II of England is named Duke of Normandy by Louis XIV of France.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Keith Swartz, "Swartz/Rand Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/swartz-rand-family-tree/I88893707.php : accessed May 1, 2025), "William DOUGLAS 1st Marquis of Douglas (1589-1660)".
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