May 12 » French Wars of Religion: Henry III of France flees Paris after Henry I, Duke of Guise, enters the city and a spontaneous uprising occurs.
May 28 » The Spanish Armada, with 130 ships and 30,000 men, sets sail from Lisbon, Portugal, heading for the English Channel. (It will take until May 30 for all ships to leave port.)
May 30 » The last ship of the Spanish Armada sets sail from Lisbon heading for the English Channel.
July 31 » The Spanish Armada is spotted off the coast of England.
August 8 » Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines: The naval engagement ends, ending the Spanish Armada's attempt to invade England.
January 12 » The city of Belém, Brazil is founded on the Amazon River delta, by Portuguese captain Francisco Caldeira Castelo Branco.
March 5 » Nicolaus Copernicus's book On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres is added to the Index of Forbidden Books 73 years after it was first published.
March 20 » Sir Walter Raleigh is freed from the Tower of London after 13 years of imprisonment.
May 3 » Treaty of Loudun ends French civil war.
July 11 » Samuel de Champlain returns to Quebec.
October 25 » Dutch sea-captain Dirk Hartog makes the second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at the later-named Dirk Hartog Island off the West Australian coast.
March 15 » Charles II of England issues the Royal Declaration of Indulgence.
May 2 » John Maitland becomes Duke of Lauderdale and Earl of March.
May 5 » In preparation for the Franco-Dutch War, Louis XIV of France personally inspects his troops at Charleroi in one of the most magnificent displays of military power in the seventeenth century.
August 20 » Former Grand Pensionary Johan de Witt and his brother Cornelis are lynched by an angry mob in The Hague.
March 15 » Charles II of England issues the Royal Declaration of Indulgence.
May 2 » John Maitland becomes Duke of Lauderdale and Earl of March.
May 5 » In preparation for the Franco-Dutch War, Louis XIV of France personally inspects his troops at Charleroi in one of the most magnificent displays of military power in the seventeenth century.
August 20 » Former Grand Pensionary Johan de Witt and his brother Cornelis are lynched by an angry mob in The Hague.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Keith Swartz, "Swartz/Rand Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/swartz-rand-family-tree/I88892094.php : accessed May 5, 2025), "Sir James PARKER Knight (1590-1672)".
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