January 11 » Austrian nobility is granted freedom of religion.
January 23 » The Royal Exchange opens in London.
June 24 » Miguel López de Legazpi founds Manila, the capital of the Philippines.
July 28 » La Laguna encomienda, known today as the Laguna province in the Philippines is founded by the Spaniards as one of the oldest encomiendas (provinces) in the country.
August 1 » The Ottoman conquest of Cyprus is concluded, by the surrender of Famagusta.
October 7 » The Battle of Lepanto is fought, and the Ottoman Navy suffers its first defeat.
January 14 » The "Fundamental Orders", the first written constitution that created a government, is adopted in Connecticut.
March 13 » Harvard College is named after clergyman John Harvard.
April 14 » Imperial forces are defeated by the Swedes at the Battle of Chemnitz. The Swedish victory prolongs the Thirty Years' War and allows them to advance into Bohemia.
August 22 » Madras (now Chennai), India, is founded by the British East India Company on a sliver of land bought from local Nayak rulers.
May 5 » King Charles I of England dissolves the Short Parliament.
August 28 » Second Bishop's War: King Charles I's English army loses to a Scottish Covenanter force at the Battle of Newburn.
October 26 » The Treaty of Ripon is signed, restoring peace between Covenanter Scotland and King Charles.
December 1 » End of the Iberian Union: Portugal acclaims as King João IV of Portugal, ending 59 years of personal union of the crowns of Portugal and Spain and the end of the rule of the Philippine Dynasty.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Brian K. Stephenson , "Stephenson Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stephenson-family-tree/I36342.php : accessed May 6, 2025), "Lord Mayor Matthew Randall (1571-1639)".
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