The temperature on January 1, 1838 was about 6.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south east. Weather type: half bewolkt mist. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 17 » Weenen massacre: Hundreds of Voortrekkers along the Blaukraans River, Natal are killed by Zulus.
February 28 » Robert Nelson, leader of the Patriotes, proclaims the independence of Lower Canada (today Quebec).
June 28 » Coronation of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
July 4 » The Iowa Territory is organized.
September 1 » Saint Andrew's Scots School, the oldest school of British origin in South America, is established.
December 16 » Great Trek: Battle of Blood River: Voortrekkers led by Andries Pretorius and Sarel Cilliers defeat Zulu impis, led by Dambuza (Nzobo) and Ndlela kaSompisi in what is today KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Day of marriage October 19, 1860
The temperature on October 19, 1860 was about 11.2 °C. There was 1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 6 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 91%. Source: KNMI
From March 18, 1858 till February 23, 1860 the Netherlands had a cabinet Rochussen - Van Bosse with the prime ministers J.J. Rochussen (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal).
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
March 5 » Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referendums to join the Kingdom of Sardinia.
April 3 » The first successful United States Pony Express run from St. Joseph, Missouri, to Sacramento, California, begins.
May 5 » Giuseppe Garibaldi sets sail from Genoa, leading the expedition of the Thousand to conquer the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and giving birth to the Kingdom of Italy.
September 20 » The future King Edward VII of the United Kingdom begins the first visit to North America by a Prince of Wales.
December 20 » South Carolina becomes the first state to attempt to secede from the United States.
December 29 » The launch of HMSWarrior, with her combination of screw propeller, iron hull and iron armour, renders all previous warships obsolete.
Day of death March 31, 1935
The temperature on March 31, 1935 was between 3.0 °C and 7.6 °C and averaged 6.3 °C. There was 11.2 mm of rain during 12.5 hours. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
March 23 » Signing of the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.
May 24 » The first night game in Major League Baseball history is played in Cincinnati, Ohio, with the Cincinnati Reds beating the Philadelphia Phillies 2–1 at Crosley Field.
May 27 » New Deal: The Supreme Court of the United States declares the National Industrial Recovery Act to be unconstitutional in A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, (295 U.S. 495).
July 16 » The world's first parking meter is installed in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
August 31 » In an attempt to stay out of the growing tensions concerning Germany and Japan, the United States passes the first of its Neutrality Acts.
December 5 » Mary McLeod Bethune founds the National Council of Negro Women in New York City.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Toon Steenbergen, "Steenbergen family tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom_steenbergen/I235.php : accessed January 14, 2026), "Nicolaas Voncken (1838-1935)".
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