The temperature on April 2, 1853 was about 10.6 °C. The atmospheric humidity was 72%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 1, 1849 to April 19, 1853 the cabinet Thorbecke I, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
From April 19, 1853 till July 1, 1856 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
January 4 » After having been kidnapped and sold into slavery in the American South, Solomon Northup regains his freedom; his memoir Twelve Years a Slave later becomes a national bestseller.
January 19 » Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il trovatore receives its premiere performance in Rome.
February 22 » Washington University in St. Louis is founded as Eliot Seminary in St. Louis, Missouri.
July 2 » The Russian Army crosses the Pruth river into the Danubian Principalities, Moldavia and Wallachia—providing the spark that will set off the Crimean War.
September 24 » Admiral Despointes formally takes possession of New Caledonia in the name of France.
October 4 » The Crimean War begins when the Ottoman Empire declares war on the Russian Empire.
Day of marriage May 14, 1881
The temperature on May 14, 1881 was about 15.0 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 60%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
February 16 » The Canadian Pacific Railway is incorporated by Act of Parliament at Ottawa (44th Vic., c.1).
May 21 » The American Red Cross is established by Clara Barton in Washington, D.C.
July 1 » General Order 70, the culmination of the Cardwell and Childers reforms of the British Army, comes into effect.
July 23 » The Boundary Treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina is signed in Buenos Aires.
October 13 » First known conversation in modern Hebrew by Eliezer Ben-Yehuda and friends.
December 4 » The first edition of the Los Angeles Times is published.
Day of death March 24, 1931
The temperature on March 24, 1931 was between 3.3 °C and 7.9 °C and averaged 5.9 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north-northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1929 to May 26, 1933 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck III, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
March 5 » The British Raj: Gandhi–Irwin Pact is signed.
March 26 » Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union is founded in Vietnam.
March 26 » Swissair is founded as the national airline of Switzerland.
March 31 » A Transcontinental & Western Air airliner crashes near Bazaar, Kansas, killing eight, including University of Notre Dame head football coach Knute Rockne.
November 22 » Al-Mina'a SC is founded in Iraq.
December 9 » The Constituent Cortes approves a constitution which establishes the Second Spanish Republic.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: E. Menzel, "Family tree Otten", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom_otten/R18.php : accessed June 22, 2024), "Johannes Kral (1853-1931)".
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