The temperature on April 30, 1857 was about 9.5 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northeast. The atmospheric humidity was 62%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
March 6 » The Supreme Court of the United States rules in the Dred Scott v. Sandford case.
March 23 » Elisha Otis's first elevator is installed at 488 Broadway New York City.
May 6 » The East India Company disbands the 34th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry whose sepoy Mangal Pandey had earlier revolted against the British in the lead up to the War of Indian Independence.
June 26 » The first investiture of the Victoria Cross in Hyde Park, London.
September 12 » The SSCentral America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush.
November 16 » Second relief of Lucknow: Twenty-four Victoria Crosses are awarded, the most in a single day.
Day of marriage July 3, 1886
The temperature on July 3, 1886 was about 24.0 °C. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 60%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
January 29 » Karl Benz patents the first successful gasoline-driven automobile.
May 8 » Pharmacist John Pemberton first sells a carbonated beverage named "Coca-Cola" as a patent medicine.
June 10 » Mount Tarawera in New Zealand erupts, killing 153 people and burying the famous Pink and White Terraces. Eruptions continue for three months creating a large, 17km long fissure across the mountain peak.
June 13 » A fire devastates much of Vancouver, British Columbia.
September 4 » American Indian Wars: After almost 30 years of fighting, Apache leader Geronimo, with his remaining warriors, surrenders to General Nelson Miles in Arizona.
November 14 » Friedrich Soennecken first developed the hole puncher, a type of office tool capable of punching small holes in paper.
Day of death July 25, 1917
The temperature on July 25, 1917 was between 12.4 °C and 23.7 °C and averaged 18.3 °C. There was 1.7 hours of sunshine (11%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the west. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
March 31 » According to the terms of the Treaty of the Danish West Indies, the islands become American possessions.
April 9 » World War I: The Battle of Arras: The battle begins with Canadian Corps executing a massive assault on Vimy Ridge.
July 17 » King George V issues a Proclamation stating that the male line descendants of the British Royal Family will bear the surname Windsor.
August 28 » Ten Suffragettes are arrested while picketing the White House.
October 25 » Old Style date of the October Revolution in Russia.
November 7 » The Gregorian calendar date of the October Revolution, which gets its name from the Julian calendar date of 25 October. On this date in 1917, the Bolsheviks storm the Winter Palace.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Ronald Kok, "Family tree Kok", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom_kok/I3428.php : accessed March 3, 2026), "Willem van Spengen (1857-1917)".
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