The temperature on August 18, 1839 was about 17.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-northwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 9 » The French Academy of Sciences announces the Daguerreotype photography process.
March 26 » The first Henley Royal Regatta is held.
June 17 » In the Kingdom of Hawaii, Kamehameha III issues the edict of toleration which gives Roman Catholics the freedom to worship in the Hawaiian Islands. The Hawaii Catholic Church and the Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace are established as a result.
June 22 » Cherokee leaders Major Ridge, John Ridge, and Elias Boudinot are assassinated for signing the Treaty of New Echota, which had resulted in the Trail of Tears.
November 4 » Newport Rising: The last large-scale armed rebellion against authority in mainland Britain.
November 11 » The Virginia Military Institute is founded in Lexington, Virginia.
Day of marriage November 3, 1867
The temperature on November 3, 1867 was about 8.6 °C. The air pressure was 7 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 75%. Source: KNMI
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
February 13 » Work begins on the covering of the Senne, burying Brussels's primary river and creating the modern central boulevards.
February 28 » Seventy years of Holy See–United States relations are ended by a Congressional ban on federal funding of diplomatic envoys to the Vatican and are not restored until January 10, 1984.
March 29 » Queen Victoria gives Royal Assent to the British North America Act which establishes Canada on July 1.
June 19 » Maximilian I of the Second Mexican Empire is executed by a firing squad in Querétaro, Querétaro.
September 28 » Toronto becomes the capital of Ontario, having also been the capital of Ontario's predecessors since 1796.
November 23 » The Manchester Martyrs are hanged in Manchester, England, for killing a police officer while freeing two Irish Republican Brotherhood members from custody.
Day of death April 13, 1912
The temperature on April 13, 1912 was between -2.9 °C and 10.9 °C and averaged 4.4 °C. There was 5.5 hours of sunshine (40%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
January 8 » The African National Congress is founded, under the name South African Native National Congress (SANNC).
January 23 » The International Opium Convention is signed at The Hague.
February 14 » The U.S. Navy commissions its first class of diesel-powered submarines.
August 14 » U.S. Marines invade Nicaragua to support the U.S.-backed government installed there after José Santos Zelaya had resigned three years earlier.
October 14 » Former president Theodore Roosevelt is shot and mildly wounded by John Flammang Schrank. With the fresh wound in his chest, and the bullet still within it, Roosevelt delivers his scheduled speech.
November 12 » The frozen bodies of Robert Scott and his men are found on the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Joop Klavers, "Family tree Klavers", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom_klavers/I330010.php : accessed March 2, 2026), "Philip Koen (1839-1912)".
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